Graphene-Based Composite for Carbon Capture.

The current energy system is based largely on fossil fuels that emit carbon dioxide (CO2) and contribute to global climate change. Global energy demand is expected to increase, with growth approximately doubled by the year 2050 and tripled by the end of the century. Therefore, research and development on emissions management and carbon cycle solutions that meet energy sustainability is critical to reduce the effects of global warming. The key point of this literature review is the selection of suitable materials for carbon capture. The selection is based on the consideration that the CO2 reduction properties are influenced by the type of material/composite that is being used, the preparation, and the possible characterization method. This Review covers graphene-based materials and their composites as appropriate materials for reducing CO2 and their performance assessment through experiments and theoretical analysis. It is very important to improve the efficiency performance of materials and its scalability. Recently, graphene has become a widely used material for environmental applications, one of which shows good performance in reducing CO2 concentration. To separate CO2, graphene has been developed and is now being showcased and reviewed in this study. Given the measuring technique used, this Review is intended to be a valuable resource for individuals researching CO2 separation employing graphene material in combination with other materials.

Hydroxyapatite-Gold Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Selective SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Immunosensor.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is still spreading worldwide; therefore, the need for rapid and accurate detection methods remains relevant to maintain the spread of this infectious disease. Electrochemical immunosensors are an alternative method for the rapid detection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Herein, we report the development of a screen-printed carbon electrode immunosensor using a hydroxyapatite-gold nanocomposite (SPCE/HA-Au) directly spray-coated with the immobilization receptor binding domain (RBD) Spike to increase the conductivity and surface electrode area. The HA-Au composite synthesis was optimized using the Box-Behnken method, and the resulting composite was characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry, TEM-EDX, and XRD analysis. The specific interaction of RBD Spike with immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was evaluated by differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods in a [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- solution redox system. The IgG was detected with a detection limit of 0.0561 pg mL-1, and the immunosensor had selectivity and stability of 103-122% and was stable until week 7 with the influence of storage conditions. Also, the immunosensor was tested using real samples from human serum, where the results were confirmed using the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) method and showed satisfactory results. Therefore, the developed electrochemical immunosensor can rapidly and accurately detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.