RESUMO
Neurocysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of the pork tapeworm Taenia solium. Diagnostic criteria for neurocysticercosis are based on clinical manifestations, neuroimaging findings, and epidemiologic exposure. Treatment is tailored to acute symptoms. If increased intracranial pressure is present, then surgical intervention and/or corticosteroids may be used. If seizures are present, then antiepileptic drugs are used for therapy. Antiparasitic therapy is warranted for patients with viable and/or degenerating cysts in the brain parenchyma on neuroimaging. We present a case report of neurocysticercosis causing obstructive hydrocephalus requiring a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
RESUMO
Actinomycosis is an uncommon, chronic granulomatous disease caused by the filamentous, gram-positive bacterium Actinomyces israelii. It causes indolent, painful wound infections commonly presenting with oral-cervicofacial manifestations, but other infections of the chest wall and gastrointestinal and genital tract are also seen. A high level of suspicion is required for diagnosis, as it may be missed or mistaken for malignancy. Severe cases may involve the central nervous system and require surgical intervention. We present a case report of actinomycosis causing a brain abscess.
