Mapping and Analysis of Swi5 and Sfr1 Phosphorylation Sites.

The evolutionarily conserved Swi5-Sfr1 complex plays an important role in homologous recombination, a process crucial for the maintenance of genomic integrity. Here, we purified Schizosaccharomyces pombe Swi5-Sfr1 complex from meiotic cells and analyzed it by mass spectrometry. Our analysis revealed new phosphorylation sites on Swi5 and Sfr1. We found that mutations that prevent phosphorylation of Swi5 and Sfr1 do not impair their function but swi5 and sfr1 mutants encoding phosphomimetic aspartate at the identified phosphorylation sites are only partially functional. We concluded that during meiosis, Swi5 associates with Sfr1 and both Swi5 and Sfr1 proteins are phosphorylated. However, the functional relevance of Swi5 and Sfr1 phosphorylation remains to be determined.

Sanitation composting process in different seasons. Ascaris suum as model.

The influence of aerobic composting of organic wastes (straw, sawdust, wood brash and sludge from WWTP) on the viability of the model parasite eggs were studied in production conditions of the Industrial Composting Plant TOPVAR, Inc. in Topolcany, Slovak Republic. During summer and winter seasons (2005-2006), the survival of non-embryonated Ascaris suum eggs was evaluated with respect to aerobic composting processes and air temperature, which varied from -6 degrees C to +12 degrees C in winter and from 11 degrees C to 32 degrees C in summer. Our results revealed the induction of maximum temperature of the substrate (+65 degrees C) on day 6 of the composting irrespective of the low air temperature in winter. During the summer season, higher substrate temperature was observed (+71 degrees C). Due to a high temperature and chemical changes (pH, dry matter, inorganic and organic matter, NH(4)(+), total phosphorus, total nitrogen and the C:N ratio), which occur in substrate during composting process, the total devitalization of the A. suum eggs was observed between day 4-5 of the experiment in the winter season and on day 6 in the summer season. Thus we may conclude that the final product is suitable for agricultural purposes without a risk of transmitting the pathogenic germs into the environment.