Esters with imidazo [1,5-c] quinazoline-3,5-dione ring spectral characterization and quantum-mechanical modeling.

1-phenyl-2H,6H-imidazo[1,5-c]quinazoline-3,5-dione reacts with ethyl bromoacetate under mild conditions to give 2-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-1-phenyl-6H-imidazo[1,5-c]quinazoline-3,5-dione (MEPIQ) and next 2,6-bis(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-1-phenylimidazo[1,5-c]quinazoline-3,5-dione (BEPIQ). The products were isolated at high yield and identified on the basis of IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR, UV spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. Diester (BEPIQ) can be presented by 16 possible pair of enantiomers. Only one pair of them is the most stable and crystallizes which is shown crystallographic research. Based on quantum-mechanical modeling, with the use of DFT method, which conformers of mono- and diester and why they were formed was explained. It was calculated that 99.93% of the monoester (MEPIQ) is formed at position No. 2 and one pair of the monoester conformers, from six possible, has the largest share (51.63%). These results afforded to limit the number of diester conformers to eight. Unfortunately, the quantum-mechanical calculations performed that their shares are similar. Further quantum-mechanical modeling showed that conformers are able to undergo mutual transformations. As a result only one pair of diester conformers forms crystals. These conformers have substituents in trans position and these substituents are located parallel to imidazoquinazoline ring. This allows for the denser packing of the molecules in the unit cell.

The increase of formaldehyde level in some rare pathological cases of teeth determined with the use of quantitative TLC.

In our previous works we proved that formaldehyde (HCHO) level in hard tissues of teeth could depend on their physiological state. In the current paper we presented the results of HCHO determinations in different dental pathologies, mainly the ones rarely encountered in dental practice, e.g. in the case of reinclusion. The determination of HCHO in the form of dimedone was performed by means of quantitative TLC. The obtained results were compared with HCHO levels in hard tissues of teeth presenting pathological changes. It proved that the highest HCHO level was found in reincluded teeth while it was lower in retained teeth, that is the ones which are not subjected to stress factors present in the mouth. The obtained results can constitute a contribution to the problems of dental pathologies, mainly caries which is a very common problem.

[Statistical evaluation of cryotherapy methods in 277 cases of hemangioma]. / Ocena statystyczna metody krioterapii w 277 przypadkach naczyniaków krwionosnych.

A group of 277 patients with various types of hemangioma treated in the Clinic of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Lublin Medical Academy between 1983 and 1993 were statistically evaluated. In the presented material it was found that vascular lesions occur more frequently in females. The age of patients reporting for therapy did not exceed 1 year. The number of cryotherapeutic treatments performed depended on the size of the lesion.

[Morphologic studies of elastic and collagen fibers and acid mucopolysaccharide in rabbit skin following experimental freezing]. / Morphologische Beobachtungen an elastischen und kollagenen Fasern sowie der sauren Mucopolysaccharide in der Kaninchenhaut nach experimenteller Kryoapplikation.

After the experimental freezing of rabbit skin slices the behaviour of connective tissue elements was observed. The destruction of elastic and collagenic fibres and the process of the weakening colour reaction to mucopolysaccharides correlated with the time of cryoapplication.

[Histologic picture of elastic and collagen fibers and acid mucopolysaccharides following experimental cryosurgical interventions of the mucous membrane of the rabbit tongue]. / Das histologische Bild der elastischen und kollagenen Fasern sowie der sauren Mucopolysaccharide nach experimentellen kryochirurgischen Eingriffen an der Schleimhaut der kaninchenzunge.

The behaviour of elastic and collagenic fibres and sour mucopolysaccharides treated with low temperatures was observed while examining the rabbit tongue mucosa and analysing histological preparations. Changeable was the time of freezing the mucosa and the time between applying cryoapplication and taking the tissue. The lack of elastic fibres continuity in the tissue preparations was observed in the cryodestructed places and at the same time, a chain of collagenic fibres underwent segmentation. This destruction of elastic and collagenic fibres was very closely connected with the process of the weakening reaction to sour mucopolysaccharides.

Effect of low temperatures on the morphological picture of the rabbit skin. Part II.

By haematoxylin and eosin staining, morphological picture of skin subjected to cryoapplication was assessed. Tissue destruction resulted in necrosis and inflammatory infiltration of small cells. Degree of cryodestruction depended on the time of freezing of the tissue examined patterns. Cryonecrosis focus was found to be equal to the surface of the applicator used.

An effect of low temperatures on the morphological picture of the rabbit tongue mucosa. Part I.

Observations were made of the morphological picture of the rabbit tongue mucosa subjected to cryoapplication. Haematoxylin and eosin staining method showed tissue damage with a variable degree of necrosis varying in its extent in relation to the time of freezing and the term of taking samples for biological examination. Experiments with the animals permitted to estimate primary symptoms of tissue cryodestruction as well as a damage depth in the tongue mucosa.

An analysis of the activity of some selected hydrolytic enzymes in the rabbit tongue mucosa and in the skin after cryoapplication according to time of freezing.

The aim of the paper was to examine, by histochemical methods, the reaction of selected hydrolytic enzymes in the rabbit tongue mucosa and in the skin after cryoapplication depending on time of freezing. The results of tissue cryoapplication demonstrated the reaction of hydrolases during cryodestruction and regeneration, and the dynamics of inflammatory process. The tongue mucosa was found to be more susceptible to cryodestruction than the skin of the experimental animals. The longer was the time of cryoapplication, the more distinct was cryodestruction picture of the tissues examined. The observations confirmed the theory of some participation of hydrolytic cellular enzymes in cryonecrosis.