Engineering Photon Statistics in a Spinor Polariton Condensate.

We implement full polarization tomography on photon correlations in a spinor exciton-polariton condensate. Our measurements reveal condensate pseudospin mean-field dynamics spanning from stochastic switching between linear polarization components, limit cycles, and stable fixed points, and their intrinsic relation to the condensate photon statistics. We optically harness the cavity birefringence, polariton interactions, and the optical orientation of an incoherent exciton reservoir to engineer photon statistics with precise control. Our results demonstrate a smooth transition from a highly coherent to a super-thermal state of the condensate polarization components.

Quantum fluids of light in all-optical scatterer lattices.

One of the recently established paradigms in condensed matter physics is examining a system's behaviour in artificial potentials, giving insight into phenomena of quantum fluids in hard-to-reach settings. A prominent example is the matter-wave scatterer lattice, where high energy matter waves undergo transmission and reflection through narrow width barriers leading to stringent phase matching conditions with lattice band formation. In contrast to evanescently coupled lattice sites, the realisation of a scatterer lattice for macroscopic matter-wave fluids has remained elusive. Here, we implement a system of exciton-polariton condensates in a non-Hermitian Lieb lattice of scatterer potentials. By fine tuning the lattice parameters, we reveal a nonequilibrium phase transition between distinct regimes of polariton condensation: a scatterer lattice of gain guided polaritons condensing on the lattice potential maxima, and trapped polaritons condensing in the potential minima. Our results pave the way towards unexplored physics of non-Hermitian fluids in non-stationary mixtures of confined and freely expanding waves.

Optical Control of Couplings in Polariton Condensate Lattices.

We demonstrate deterministic control of the nearest and next-nearest neighbor coupling in the unit cell of a square lattice of microcavity exciton-polariton condensates. We tune the coupling in a continuous and reversible manner by optically imprinting potential barriers of variable height, in the form of spatially localized incoherent exciton reservoirs that modify the particle flow between condensates. By controlling the couplings in a 2×2 polariton cluster, we realize ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and paired ferromagnetic phases and demonstrate the potential scalability of the system.

Gait Analysis before and after Cycle Training Using a 3D Pedal System.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY In this pilot study, gait analysis was performed before and after training with a 3D pedal system (BIUS1), in order to clarify whether these differences are detectable by gait analysis after a short period of training. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two female and three male subjects were included in a prospective case-control pilot study. The patient and training characteristics were determined. Objective measurement data of the gait were obtained by using a three-dimensional motion analysis system with six infrared cameras and three force plates before and after training with the 3D pedal system. RESULTS The mean age was 36.7 ± 8.7 years and the subjects had a BMI of 21.8 ± 2.4 kg/m 2 . The training time per year was an average of 36.0 ± 11.2 days, with a training workload of 511.4 ± 36.7 km. For time-distance parameters, improvements for the left and right side were obtained for cadence and cycle time after training. In total, there was a reduction in hip abduction angle, and an increase in hip inward rotation, knee outward rotation, and range of the frontal knee angle. CONCLUSIONS Changes in parameters in the gait analysis after a short training interval demonstrate that a 3D pedal system is suitable to produce changes in the gait pattern detectable by gait analysis. Training effects on the supposedly weaker left side can be explained after a brief application of the BIUS1 system. Key words:cycle training, 3D pedal system, gait analysis.

Pronunciation of irregular words is preserved in dementia, validating premorbid IQ estimation.

The National Adult Reading Test (NART), used to estimate premorbid mental ability, involves pronunciation of irregular words. The authors demonstrate that, after controlling for age 11 IQ test scores, mean NART scores do not differ in people with and without dementia. The correlation between age 11 IQ and NART scores at about age 80 was similar in the groups with (r = 0.63, p < 0.001) and without (r = 0.60, p < 0.001) dementia. These findings validate the NART as an estimator of premorbid ability in mild to moderate dementia.