RESUMO
Burns induce complex physiological changes such as modification of distribution volume, increased clearance of elements and decrease of protein binding. The pharmacokinetics of many antibiotics may then be modified, which requires dose adjustment. We attempted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of linezolid in burn patients at a standard dose of 600 mg intravenously thrice a day. A prospective study was conducted in a 20-bed adult burn ICU at a university-affiliated teaching hospital in Tunis. Thirteen adult burned patients with documented and/or suspected multi drug resistant (MDR) gram-positive bacterium-related infections were enrolled in the study. Our study suggests that linezolid dosing at 600mg thrice a day leads to adequate pharmacodynamic/pharmacokinetic exposure to linezolid with a Cmin > 2mg/l in 84.6% of cases, T > MIC in about 87.5% and AUC/MIC > 100 in 61.5% of cases. However, a high variability in linezolid serum concentrations with a substantial percentage of sub-therapeutic levels was observed in a few patients, 15% of cases. Therefore, therapeutic drug monitoring of linezolid might be helpful for adequate dosing of linezolid in burned patients, to avoid the risk of treatment failure or of dose-dependent toxicity.
Les brûlés présentent une augmentation du volume de distribution et une modification de la clairance de toutes les classes des antibiotiques. De ce fait, il est recommandé d'augmenter la dose de chaque antibiotique chez le brûlé. Le linézolide est recommandé à la dose de 600mg/12h chez les malades en réanimation. Ce travail est entrepris afin d'évaluer la pharmacocinétique du linézolide à la dose de 600mg/8h chez les brûlés. Une étude prospective a été menée dans le service de réanimation des brûlés de Tunis. Ont été inclu, les patients ayant une SCB ≥ 20% ayant une infection suspectée et/ou documentée à cocci à Gram positif multi-résistants. Notre étude suggère que l'administration de linézolide chez le brûlé à la dose de 600mg/8 h permet d'atteindre une meilleure pharmacocinétique, avec Cmin > 2mg/l dans 84,6% des cas, T > MIC dans 87,5% et un ratio AUC/MIC > 100 dans 61,5% des cas. Néanmoins, une variabilité des concentrations sériques de linézolide, avec des taux sub- thérapeutiques ont été notés chez 15% des patients. Le monitorage des taux sériques peut être utile lors de l'utilisation du linézolide chez les brûlés, afin d'éviter l'échec thérapeutique ou la toxicité, dose-dépendante..
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to estimate the prevalence of the depression in postpartum in a population of Tunisian parturients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective study, in two stages: first week then between sixth and tenth week of the postpartum. The study was done at CHU Hédi Chaker in Sfax, Tunisia. For tracking postpartum depression, we used the Arab version of Edinburgh Postnatal Scale Depression (EPDS). An epidemiologic questionnaire was used to collect the sociodemographic and clinical data. RESULTS: In T(1), 213 women were examined. In T(2), 136 were reexamined (63, 8% of the initial population). In the first stage, the prevalence of the intense postpartum blues, according to EPDS, was 19,2%. In the second stage, the prevalence of the postpartum depression was 13, 2%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The postpartum depressions are frequent among Tunisian parturients. The difference in the rates of prevalence between the two stages of evaluation was noted in other studies. This leads us to think that the relatively high rate in the first stage would be contaminated by an intense postpartum blues. However, a high rate persists at the sixth to tenth week, indicating the importance of tracking postpartum depression. This became possible by using EPDS, available in an Arab version and which should be generalized for the new mothers. This detection should be done early in postpartum or else in the later postnatal consultations. This allows an adequate treatment for the mothers, for the mother-newborn relationship and, later, for the psychological equilibrium of the child.
