The use of electronic cigarettes and other tobacco products among university students and their potential relationship with oral health: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate oral alterations among university students and explore possible associations with tobacco consumption in its various forms. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2 phases: the first phase involved administering an electronic questionnaire to participants determine the prevalence of tobacco use and the second phase involved a physical examination of the participants. The participants were grouped on the basis of their reported habits and compared using statistical analysis (P < .05). RESULTS: Of the 620 participants, 57.1% reported using tobacco in some form, with 47.4% reporting electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use. In the clinical phase, comparing the presence of oral changes in tobacco users vs nonusers, e-cigarette users had a higher proportion of white-spot caries lesions (P = .041) and gingivitis (P = .012). When e-cigarette use was combined with other forms of tobacco use, additional oral changes were more prevalent, including coated tongue and nicotinic stomatitis (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of alternative forms of tobacco consumption is common among university students, with e-cigarette use being the most prevalent form, and may lead to detrimental effects on the oral cavity, such as caries and gingivitis, particularly when used in conjunction with other tobacco products. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The use of tobacco in alternative forms, such as e-cigarettes, can affect oral health directly or indirectly. Dentists should be familiar with the characteristics of this population and the potential oral repercussions associated with tobacco use to address the impact on health and raise awareness of the associated risks.

Syphilis Diagnosis through Oral Lesions of Different Clinical Aspects: Report of 3 Cases / Diagnóstico de Sífilis Através de Lesões Bucais de Diferentes Aspectos Clínicos: Relato de 3 Casos

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection, caused by the anaerobic spirochete Treponema pallidum. It is characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations including the oral mucosa, mimicking several diseases, thereby making diagnosis a challenge for clinicians. Therefore, the objective of this work is to report three cases of syphilis that were diagnosed based on oral lesions of different clinical aspects. In this series of cases, the lesions were found on the tongue and hard palate and presented as white plaques, ulcers or erythematous spots associated with ulcers. In the two cases, incisional biopsy was performed, and the histopathological aspects were suggestive of syphilis. Treponemic and nontreponemic tests were positive for all the patients, confirming syphilis. Therapy with benzathine-penicillin, administered intramuscularly led to complete remission of oral lesions in all the patients. The syphilis reemergence in the last years demands its inclusion in the differential diagnosis of several oral lesions. Diagnosing syphilis by oral lesions can be difficult once it can mimic other conditions. Therefore, dentists should know the clinical aspects of this infection, since many cases may exhibit only oral manifestations, to help in the diagnosis and control of the infection spread. (AU)

A sífilis é uma infecção sexualmente transmissível, causada pela espiroqueta anaeróbia Treponema pallidum. É caracterizada por uma variedade de manifestações clínicas, incluindo a mucosa oral, podendo mimetizar várias doenças, tornando o diagnóstico um desafio. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é relatar três casos de sífilis diagnosticados a partir de lesões orais de diferentes aspectos clínicos. Nesta série de casos, as lesões foram encontradas na língua e palato duro e apresentadas como placas brancas, úlceras ou manchas eritematosas associadas a úlceras. Em dois casos, foi realizada biópsia incisional e os aspectos histopatológicos foram sugestivos de sífilis. Os testes treponêmicos e não treponêmicos foram positivos para todos os pacientes, confirmando a sífilis. A terapia com penicilina benzatina, administrada por via intramuscular, levou à remissão completa das lesões orais em todos os pacientes. O ressurgimento da sífilis nos últimos anos exige sua inclusão no diagnóstico diferencial de várias lesões bucais. O diagnóstico da sífilis por lesões orais pode ser difícil, pois pode mimetizar outras condições. Portanto, o dentista deve conhecer os aspectos clínicos dessa infecção, pois muitos casos podem apresentar apenas manifestações orais, para auxiliar no diagnóstico e controle da disseminação da infecção. (AU)

Social and behavioural associated factors of actinic cheilitis in rural workers.

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors potentially associated with the development of actinic cheilitis (AC) in Brazilian rural workers. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A professional performed all physical examinations and evaluations using semi-structured questionnaires in 240 rural workers. RESULTS: Eighty-three participants were diagnosed with AC (34.6%). It was more prevalent among workers older than 45 years (3.29-10.96 95% IC; OR = 3.30; p = .0018), Caucasians (phototypes I and II) (4.78-16.12 95% IC; OR = 10.81; p < .0001), illiterate individuals (2.16-21.59 95% IC; OR = 10.43; p = .0037), those with 6 or fewer years of formal schooling (2.03-7.89 95% IC; OR = 4.63; p = .0013), those regularly using pesticides (1.58-6.64 95% IC; OR = 2.79; p = .0260) and those who used the private health service in their last appointment (1.17-3.54 95% IC; OR = 2.72; p = .0083). CONCLUSION: There was a substantial prevalence of AC among rural workers with advanced age, white skin, and illiteracy, those with lower levels of education, those who regularly use pesticides, and those who utilised private health services in their last appointment. Thus, healthcare strategies that include rural workers are required for the control and prevention of AC in both public and private health services.

Descoberta de carcinoma de células escamosas em lesão previamente diagnosticada como líquen plano oral: malignização ou erro de diagnóstico inicial? / Discovery of squamous cell carcinoma in a lesion previously diagnosed as oral lichen planus: malignant trasformation or wrong initial diagnosis? / Descubrimiento de carcinoma espinocelular en lesión previamente diagnosticada como líquen plano oral: malignización o error de diagnóstico inicial

O Líquen Plano Oral (LPO) é uma doença crônica imunologicamente mediada com potencial de malignização incerto. O objetivo desse artigo é relatar um caso de Carcinoma de Células Escamosas (CCE) diagnosticado em paciente com diagnóstico prévio de LPO. Paciente do sexo feminino, 69 anos, foi atendida durante uma campanha de diagnóstico precoce de câncer de boca realizada na cidade de Londrina/PR, sendo detectada uma lesão eritroplásica em língua e encaminhada para uma melhor avaliação. Na anamnese a paciente relatou que há 2 anos atrás foi diagnosticada com LPO através de biópsia em língua, não sendo proposto nenhum tratamento. Ao exame físico, observamos uma mancha eritematosa em borda lateral de língua do lado esquerdo, não apresentando nenhuma outra lesão na cavidade oral. Com a hipótese diagnóstica de eritroplasia, foi requisitada a lâmina da biópsia anterior para análise, que revelou características microscópicas incompatíveis com o diagnóstico de LPO. Optamos então por realizar uma nova biópsia e a análise histopatológica revelou ilhas de células epiteliais malignas invadindo o tecido conjuntivo, estabelecendo o diagnóstico de CCE. A paciente foi encaminhada para tratamento, sendo realizada glossectomia parcial. Em acompanhamento de 6 meses a paciente encontra-se bem e sem sinais de recidiva. A transformação maligna do LPO ainda é discutida na literatura e muitos casos relatados podem se tratar de erro no diagnóstico inicial, como no caso apresentado. O erro de diagnóstico pode levar a morbidades importantes e comprometer o prognóstico do caso(AU)

The Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease with uncertain malignant potential. The main purpose of this article is to report a case of a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a patient with previous diagnosis of OLP. A 69-years-old female patient was examined during an oral cancer prevention campaign in Londrina/PR. At that occasion it was detected an erythroplakia in the tongue and the patient was referred for a better evaluation. The patient reported a previous biopsy and diagnosis of OLP in the tongue 2 years ago, without any treatment. At the physical examination, we observed an erythematous spot on the lateral border of the tongue on the left side, showing no other lesion in the oral cavity. With the diagnostic hypothesis of erythroplakia, the lamina of the previous biopsy was requested for analysis, which revealed microscopic characteristics incompatible with the diagnosis of OLP. We then chose to perform a new biopsy and the histopathological analysis revealed islands of malignant epithelial cells invading the connective tissue, establishing the diagnosis of SCC. The patient was referred for treatment and partial glossectomy was performed. At 6 months follow-up the patient is well and without signs of relapse. The malignant transformation of OLP is still discussed in the literature and many reported cases may be errors in the initial diagnosis, as in the case presented. The diagnostic error can lead to important morbidities and compromise the prognosis of the case(AU)

El Líquen Plano Oral (LPO) es una enfermedad crónica inmunológicamente mediada con potencial de malignización incierta. El objetivo de este artículo es relatar un caso de Carcinoma de Células Escamosas (CCE) diagnosticado en paciente con diagnóstico previo de LPO. El paciente de sexo femenino, de 69 años, fue atendida durante una campaña de diagnóstico precoz de cáncer de boca realizada en la ciudad de Londrina / PR, siendo detectada una lesión eritroplásica en lengua y encaminada para una mejor evaluación. En la anamnesis la paciente relató que hace 2 años fue diagnosticada con LPO a través de biopsia me lengua, no siendo propuesto ningún tratamiento. En el examen físico, observamos una mancha eritematosa en borde lateral de lengua del lado izquierdo, no presentando ninguna otra lesión en la cavidad oral. Con la hipótesis diagnóstica de eritroplasia, se requirió la lámina de la biopsia anterior para análisis, que reveló características microscópicas incompatibles con el diagnóstico de LPO. Optamos entonces por realizar una nueva biopsia y el análisis histopatológico reveló islas de células epiteliales malignas invadiendo el tejido conectivo, estableciendo el diagnóstico de CCE. La paciente fue encaminada para tratamiento, siendo realizada glossectomía parcial. En seguimiento de 6 meses la paciente se encuentra bien y sin signos de recidiva. La transformación maligna del LPO todavía se discute en la literatura y muchos casos reportados pueden tratarse de error en el diagnóstico inicial, como en el caso presentado. El error de diagnóstico puede llevar a morbilidades importantes y comprometer el pronóstico del caso(AU)

Tumor odontogênico adenomatoide: relato de um caso clínico destacando os seus principais diagnósticos diferenciais / Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor: case report emphasizing the main differential diagnoses

Objetivo: relatar caso clínico de tumor odontogênico adenomatoide (TOA), enfatizando suas características e diagnósticos diferenciais. Relato de caso: paciente masculino, 16 anos, apresentando lesão radiolúcida, unilocular, associada ao dente 24 incluso. Sob as hipóteses de TOA, cisto dentígero, tumor odontogênico cístico calcificante e ameloblastoma unicístico, foi realizada biópsia excisional. Na microscopia, observou-se parênquima contendo estruturas tubulares e áreas semelhantes à roseta e cribriformes, estabelecendo o diagnóstico de TOA. Conclusão: o reconhecimento das características clínicas, radiográficas e histopatológicas do TOA é essencial para guiar o processo para se estabelecer o diagnóstico definitivo e, consequentemente, permitir o tratamento adequado do paciente.

Objective: to report a case of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT), highlighting its features and differential diagnosis. Case report: a 16-year-old male with a unilocular radiolucent lesion involving the unerupted 24th tooth. Considering AOT, dentigerous cyst, calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor, and unicystic ameloblastoma as the clinical diagnoses, an excisional biopsy was performed. Microscopic analysis revealed a parenchyma containing tubular structures and roset-like areas, establishing a diagnosis of AOT. Conclusion: the acknowledgement of clinical, radiographic, and microscopic features of AOT is essential to guide a definitive diagnosis and, as a consequence, to enable a suitable treatment of the patient.

Intraoral spindle-cell lipoma with chondroid differentiation: importance in the diagnosis of oral lesions presenting chondroid tissue / Lipoma de células fusiformes intraoral com diferenciação condroide: importância no diagnóstico de lesões orais contendo tecido cartilaginoso

ABSTRACT Lipomas are benign neoplasms of adipose tissue presenting several histologic variants, which can be rarely found in the oral cavity. We present a case of a 62-year-old woman with a submucous nodule located in the tongue. Histopathological examination revealed an encapsulated tumor composed of myxoid tissue, spindle cells and mature adipocytes in transition to cartilaginous tissue. The final diagnosis was spindle-cell lipoma with myxoid change and chondroid differentiation. No sign of recurrence was found after five years. The diagnosis of intraoral mesenchymal lesions with chondroid differentiation requires careful histologic examination, mainly to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions.

RESUMO Lipomas são neoplasias benignas de tecido adiposo que podem apresentar diversas variantes e raramente são encontradas na cavidade oral. Apresentamos o caso de uma mulher de 62 anos de idade com queixa de um nódulo na língua. A análise histopatológica da lesão revelou tumor encapsulado composto de tecido mixoide, células fusiformes e adipócitos maduros em transição para tecido cartilaginoso. Nenhum sinal de recorrência foi observado após acompanhamento de cinco anos. O diagnóstico de lesões mesenquimais intraorais contendo diferenciação condroide requer atenção especial, principalmente para a diferenciação de lesões benignas e malignas.

Mucoceles da cavidade oral: análise das características histopatológicas de 42 casos / Oral mucoceles: analysis of histopathological features of 42 cases

Objetivo: Analisar as principais características clínicas e principalmentemicroscópicas dos casos de mucocele de duas instituições, a Faculdade de Odontologia da UFF e do Hospital Municipal Raul Sertã, ambos localizados no município de Nova Friburgo no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Material e métodos: Todos os casos com suspeita de mucocele foram selecionados, os blocos de parafina foram cortados e as lâminas histopatológicas confeccionadas para avaliação. Os dados clínico-demográficos foram obtidos através dos prontuários clínicos. Resultados: No total, 42 casos foram selecionados, a grande maioria acometendo a região de mucosa labial de pacientes jovens. Na análise histopatológica observamos apenas um caso de cisto de retenção de muco e os outros correspondiam a fenômenos de extravasamento de muco. Outras características comumente encontradas nos casos foram: sialectasia, metaplasia ductal e infiltrado inflamatório. A alteração conhecida como metaplasia papilar sinovial-like foram observadas em 2 casos. Conclusão:A mucocele é uma lesão comum de pacientes jovens e com características histopatológicas que geralmente são comuns para oestabelecimento do seu diagnóstico. No entanto, características raras,como a metaplasia papilar sinovial-like podem induzir ao erro diagnóstico se não forem reconhecidas pelo patologista.

Objective: To analyze the main characteristics of microscopic cases of mucocele in two institutions, the School of Dentistry UFF and Hospital Municipal Raul Sertã, both located in Nova Friburgo in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Material and Methods: The cases of mucocele were selected, and consequently, the paraffin blocks were cut and histopathological slides prepared, and subsequently stained with HE and PAS to confirm the diagnosis. Results: 42 cases were selected, most of them involving the labial mucosa of young patients. Histopathology mucoceles found exclusively on the type of mucus extravasation phenomenon. Additional microscopic characteristics were: sialectasis, ductal metaplasia and inflammatory infiltrate. The papilar sinovial-like metaplasia was found in 2 cases. Conclusion: mucocele is a common oral lesion in young patients with common histopathological characteristics to the diagnosis. However, rare microscopical features, such as papilar sinovial-like metaplasia, maylead to misdiagnosis if not recognized by the pathologist.

Usefulness of tissue autofluorescence imaging in actinic cheilitis diagnosis.

Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a potentially malignant disorder of the lips. Because of its heterogeneous clinical aspect, it is difficult to indicate representative biopsy area. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of tissue autofluorescence in AC diagnosis. The system was composed of a 405-nm light-emitting diode, sent to the sample by a dichroic, that allows the fluorescence signal to reach a camera directly plugged in the system. Fifty-seven patients with clinical diagnosis of AC and 45 normal volunteers were selected. According to clinical and fluorescence features, one or more areas were selected for biopsies in the AC group and epithelial dysplasia (ED) grades were established. The autofluorescence images were processed by a clustering algorithm for AC automated diagnosis. The tissue autofluorescence image revealed a heterogeneous pattern of loss and increase of fluorescence in patients with AC. ED was found in 93% of the cases, and most of the areas graded as moderate or severe ED were chosen with the aid of autofluorescence. The processed autofluorescence images from AC patients showed a higher number of spots in an irregular pattern. Tissue autofluorescence image system is a useful technique in association with clinical examination for AC diagnosis.

EBV-associated polymorphic posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder presenting as gingival ulcers.

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) present a wide clinicopathological spectrum, varying from the usual Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-driven infectious mononucleosis-type polyclonal proliferations to EBV-positive or EBV-negative proliferations indistinguishable from overt lymphomas that occur in immunocompetent individuals. PTLDs characteristically have a predilection for extranodal sites and association with EBV.These disorders are usually B-cell type, although T-cell and rare cases involving both T- and B-cell types have also been described. The initial treatment consists in decreasing the immnosupressive therapy, usually with favorable results. The authors report on a rare case of a 19-year-old girl, with post-renal transplantation EBV-associated polymorphic lymphoproliferative gingival ulcerated lesions. To the best of their knowledge, this is the first case described in the English-language literature of polymorphic PTLD involving both B-cell and T-cell lineages, with an unusual immunoprofile affecting the mouth. The authors warn that this condition could be easily misdiagnosed as malignant lymphoma if not properly recognized.

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 29 cases.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor occurring more frequently in the childhood. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of rhabdomyosarcomas of the head and neck (RHNs). Twenty nine patients treated in a single institution were selected. The histological slides were reviewed and the tumors were classified. The immunohistochemical reactions were performed using antibodies against vimentin, desmin, myogenin, MyoD1, AE1/AE3, p53, PCNA, Ki67, C-erbB2, FAS and CDK4. The mean age was 14.3 years. The nonparameningeal site was affected in 16 cases (55.2%). Eleven cases (37.9%) affected parameningeal sites and 2 cases the orbit. The p53 was positive in 4 cases (13.8%), CDK4 in 10 cases (34.5%), C-erbB2 in 19 cases (70.4%), FAS in 9 cases (31%), PCNA in 28 cases (96.5%) and Ki67 in 16 cases (55.2%). The overall survival was 28.7% in 5 and 10 years, and p53 expression may be related with poor prognosis.

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 29 cases

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor occurring more frequently in the childhood. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of rhabdomyosarcomas of the head and neck (RHNs). Twenty nine patients treated in a single institution were selected. The histological slides were reviewed and the tumors were classified. The immunohistochemical reactions were performed using antibodies against vimentin, desmin, myogenin, MyoD1, AE1/AE3, p53, PCNA, Ki67, C-erbB2, FAS and CDK4. The mean age was 14.3 years. The nonparameningeal site was affected in 16 cases (55.2 percent). Eleven cases (37.9 percent) affected parameningeal sites and 2 cases the orbit. The p53 was positive in 4 cases (13.8 percent), CDK4 in 10 cases (34.5 percent), C-erbB2 in 19 cases (70.4 percent), FAS in 9 cases (31 percent), PCNA in 28 cases (96.5 percent) and Ki67 in 16 cases (55.2 percent). The overall survival was 28.7 percent in 5 and 10 years, and p53 expression may be related with poor prognosis.

Rabdomiossarcoma é um tumor maligno que ocorre mais frequentemente na infância. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as características clinicopatológicas e imunohistoquímicas dos rabdosiossarcomas de cabeça e pescoço. Vinte e nove pacientes tratados em uma única instituição foram selecionados. As lâminas histológicas foram revisadas e os tumores foram classificados. As reações imunohistoquímicas foram realizadas usando anticorpos contra vimentina, desmina, miogenina, MyoD1, AE1/AE3, p53, PCNA, Ki67, C-erbB2, FAS e CDK4. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 14,3 anos. Localização não-parameningeal foi o sítio mais afetado correspondendo a 16 casos (55,2 por cento). Onze casos (37,9 por cento) afetaram sítios parameningeais e em 2 casos a órbita. p53 foi positivo em 4 casos (13,8 por cento), CDK4 em 10 casos (34,5 por cento), C-erbB2 em 19 casos (70,4 por cento), FAS em 9 casos (31 por cento), PCNA em 28 casos (96,5 por cento) e Ki67 em 16 casos (55,2 por cento). A sobrevida global foi 28,7 por cento em 5 e 10 anos, e a expressão de p53 pode estar relacionado ao pior prognóstico.

Parotid neoplasms: analysis of 600 patients attended at a single institution.

UNLABELLED: Salivary gland tumors are rare, generally benign and affect mainly the parotid gland. AIM: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze all cases of parotid tumors treated at our institution from 1953 to 2003. METHODS: All patients with primary parotid tumors were selected; clinical and histopathological data were analyzed and described. RESULTS: 600 cases of parotid tumors were selected; 369 were benign and 231 were malignant. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most frequent benign tumor. The most common malignant tumor was the mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Therapy in most cases consisted of parotidectomy. Adjuvant therapy -- mainly radiotherapy -- was used in some cases with malignant tumors. The incidences of local, regional and distant recurrences of malignant tumors were 10%, 8% and 9%. CONCLUSION: Patients with parotid tumors treated at our institution were mainly adults, with marginally more female patients. Benign tumors were mostly the pleomorphic adenoma, which were more frequent than malignancies. Most of the patients were treated by partial or total parotidectomy. Adjuvant therapy, mainly radiotherapy, was used in selected malignant cases.

Parotid neoplasms: analysis of 600 patients attended at a single institution / Neoplasias de parótida: análise de 600 pacientes atendidos em uma única instituição

Salivary gland tumors are rare, generally benign and affect mainly the parotid gland. AIM: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze all cases of parotid tumors treated at our institution from 1953 to 2003. METHODS: All patients with primary parotid tumors were selected; clinical and histopathological data were analyzed and described. RESULTS: 600 cases of parotid tumors were selected; 369 were benign and 231 were malignant. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most frequent benign tumor. The most common malignant tumor was the mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Therapy in most cases consisted of parotidectomy. Adjuvant therapy - mainly radiotherapy - was used in some cases with malignant tumors. The incidences of local, regional and distant recurrences of malignant tumors were 10 percent, 8 percent and 9 percent. CONCLUSION: Patients with parotid tumors treated at our institution were mainly adults, with marginally more female patients. Benign tumors were mostly the pleomorphic adenoma, which were more frequent than malignancies. Most of the patients were treated by partial or total parotidectomy. Adjuvant therapy, mainly radiotherapy, was used in selected malignant cases.

Os tumores de glândula salivar são raros e acometem principalmente a parótida, sendo a maioria de natureza benigna. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar todos os casos de tumor de parótida atendidos na nossa instituição, durante o período de 1953 a 2003. Estudo Retrospectivo. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Todos os pacientes com tumores primários de parótida foram selecionados e os dados clínicos e histopatológicos foram analisados e descritos. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados 600 casos, sendo 369 benignos e 231 malignos. Dentre os tumores benignos, o adenoma pleomorfo foi o mais comum, e dentre os malignos, o carcinoma mucoepidermoide. A principal modalidade de tratamento foi a parotidectomia e em alguns casos malignos, terapias adjuvantes, principalmente a radioterapia, foram aplicadas. Os índices de recorrência local, regional e à distância dos tumores malignos foram de 10 por cento, 8 por cento e 9 por cento, respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: O perfil dos pacientes com tumor de parótida foi formado predominantemente por adultos e discreta predileção pelo gênero feminino. Os tumores benignos foram os mais frequentes. A maioria dos pacientes foram tratados por parotidectomia parcial ou total. O uso de terapias adjuvantes, principalmente a radioterapia, foi reservada para casos específicos de tumores malignos.

Cisto ósseo simples: relato de quatro casos e revisão de literatura / Simple bone cyst: report of four cases and review of the literature

O cisto ósseo simples é classificado como um pseudocisto que acomete principalmente a mandíbula de pacientes jovens. É geralmente assintomático, sendo diagnosticado durante exames radiográficos de rotina, freqüentemente em documentações ortodônticas. Exploração cirúrgica e coleta de material para análise microscópica são recomendadas para confirmação do diagnóstico. No entanto, é observada uma cavidade vazia ou preenchida apenas por material hemorrágico. Após este procedimento cirúrgico, a lesão tende a regredir não sendo necessário qualquer outro tipo de tratamento. Apresentamos neste artigo o relato de quatro pacientes com cisto ósseo simples, sendo que em um deles a apresentação inicial era agressiva.

The simple bone cyst is classified as a pseudocyst occurring mainly in the mandible of young people. lt is asymptomatic in most of cases, being diagnosed accidentally during routine radiography, frequently before orthodontic treatment. Surgical approach and histopathological analyses are recommended to confirm the diagnosis. However, it is observed an empty bone cavity or serosanguineous material. After this surgical procedure, the bone cavity tends to heal by itself, not being necessary other treatments. We present here a report of four patients with simple bone cyst, one of them with an unusual aggressive initial clinical presentation.

Tratamento odontológico de pacientes portadores de deficiência mental com anestesia geral / Dental treatment of patients with mental disability using general anesthesia

O uso da anestesia geral para o tratamento odontológico em pacientes portadores de deficiência mental é um assunto polêmico e, em geral, desconhecido pelos cirurgiões-dentistas, que, por esse motivo, temem a sua indicação. O artigo apresenta uma revisão da literatura sobre o assunto, mostrando riscos, benefícios e descrições técnicas dessa forma de tratamento nessa classe de pacientes, que vem necessitando cada vez mais de tratamento especializado.