Bone-marrow mononuclear cells and acellular human amniotic membrane improve global cardiac function without inhibition of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in a rat model of heart failure.

Recent studies have suggested that therapies with stem cells and amniotic membrane can modulate the inflammation following an ischemic injury in the heart. This study evaluated the effects of bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) and acellular human amniotic membrane (AHAM) on cardiac function and NLRP3 complex in a rat model of heart failure.On the 30th day,the echocardiographic showed improvements on ejection fraction and decreased pathological ventricular remodeling on BMMC and AHAM groups.Oxidative stress analysis was similar between the three groups,and the NLRP3 inflammasome activity were not decreased with the therapeutic use of both BMMC and AHAM,in comparison to the control group.

Tracheal regeneration with acellular human amniotic membrane and 15-deoxy-∆12,14prostaglandinj2 nanoparticles in a rabbit model.

The treatment of tracheal pathologies remains challenging.Nanotechnology allows adding substances to decellularized human amniotic membrane (DHAM), such as 15-Deoxy-∆12,14ProstaglandinJ2 nanoparticles (15D-PGJ2-NC).This study performed a tracheotomy in rabbits randomized into three groups.The tissue repair process was evaluated when treated with DHAM associated or not with 15D-PGJ2-NC.The average of the area in the control group was 54.76% smaller than DHAM group and 41.98% smaller than DHAM + 15D-PGJ2-NC group (p=0.004 for both).The DHAM + 15D-PGJ2-NC group had significantly more immature cartilage (p=0.015).DHAM impregnated with 15D-PGJ2-NC could provide support for the healing of the tracheal defect and may prevent reduction of its lumen.

Acellular Biomaterials Associated with Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Stem Cells Improve Wound Healing through Paracrine Effects.

Wound healing is a complex process of repair that involves the interaction between different cell types and involves coordinated interactions between intracellular and extracellular signaling. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) based and acellular amniotic membrane (AM) therapeutic strategies with the potential for treatment and regeneration of tissue. We aimed to evaluate the involvement of paracrine effects in tissue repair after the flap skin lesion rat model. In the full-thickness flap skin experiment of forty Wistar rats: A total of 40 male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: group I: control (C; n = 10), with full-thickness lesions on the back, without (BMSCs) or AM (n = 10); group II: injected (BMSCs; n = 10); group III: covered by AM; group IV-injected (AM + BMSCs; n = 10). Cytokine levels, IL-1, and IL-10 assay kits, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GRs) and carbonyl activity levels were measured by ELISA 28th day, and TGF-ß was evaluated by immunohistochemical, the expression collagen expression was evaluated by Picrosirius staining. Our results showed that the IL-1 interleukin was higher in the control group, and the IL-10 presented a higher mean when compared to the control group. The groups with BMSCs and AM showed the lowest expression levels of TGF-ß. SOD, GRs, and carbonyl activity analysis showed a predominance in groups that received treatment from 80%. The collagen fiber type I was predominant in all groups; however, the AM + BMSCs group obtained a higher average when compared to the control group. Our findings suggest that the AM+ BMSCs promote skin wound healing, probably owing to their paracrine effect attributed to the promotion of new collagen for tissue repair.

Effects of the Application of Decellularized Amniotic Membrane Solubilized with Hyaluronic Acid on Wound Healing.

A perfect graft for wound care must be readily available without affecting the immune response, covering and protecting the wound bed. Considering previous studies have already established the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) for the treatment of wounds but the data presented on the amniotic membrane (AM) and its promising effects on healing still requires further investigation, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of the application of a decellularized amniotic membrane solubilized with hyaluronic acid on the healing process of cutaneous wounds on the 7th and 14th day, to evaluate the evolution of the wound and the inflammatory phases in these two times. Cutaneous lesions were excised from the dorsal region and 96 Wistar rats were divided into four groups: I-Excisional wound (EW); II-EW + AM; III-EW + HA; IV-EW + AM + HA. The present study demonstrated that the proposed combined therapy favors the tissue repair process of the epithelial lesion. Results showed a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines, an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines, an increase in TGF-ß, and attenuation of oxidative stress, reducing the acute inflammatory response and promoting the beginning of tissue repair. We concluded that the proposed therapies accelerated the inflammatory process with anticipation of the repair phase.

Role of mononuclear stem cells and decellularized amniotic membrane in the treatment of skin wounds in rats.

Stem cells (SC) and amniotic membrane (AM) are recognized for their beneficial impacts on the healing of cutaneous wounds. Thus, this study evaluated the capacity of tissue repair in a skin lesion rat model. Forty Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: group I - control, with full-thickness lesions on the back, without SC or AM; group II-injected SC; group III - covered by AM; group IV-injected SC and covered by AM. Lesion closure was assessed using contraction rate (Cr). Histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses were performed, and collagen, elastic fibers, fibroblast differentiation factor (TGF-ß), collagen remodeling (MMP-8), and the number of myofibroblasts and blood vessels (α-SMA) were evaluated. On the 7th postoperative day, Cr 1st-7th day levels were higher in groups III and IV. However, on the 28th day, Cr 1st-28th day were higher in the control group. Picrosirius staining showed that type I collagen was predominant in all groups; however, the SC + AM group obtained a higher average when compared to the control group. Elastic fiber analysis showed a predominance in groups that received treatment. Groups II and IV showed the lowest expression levels of TGF-ß and MMP-8, and α-SMA was significantly lower in group IV. The application of SC and AM accelerated the initial healing phase, probably owing to their anti-inflammatory effect that favored early formation of collagen and elastic fibers.

Ruptura de implante mamário com disseminação linfática do silicone: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

Os implantes mamários de silicone têm sido utilizados para a reconstrução e melhoria estética desde o início dos anos 1960. As complicações relacionadas a implantes mamários de silicone são bem documentadas na literatura, incluindo locais e sistêmicas. Uma complicação rara é a linfadenopatia por silicone, definida como a presença de silicone em um linfonodo. Além disso, tem sido sugerido que o silicone pode ser um fator causal no desenvolvimento de várias doenças auto0imunes. Atualmente, o mecanismo de tais complicações é incerto e, em alguns casos, a prova de tal relação continua a ser uma fonte de controvérsia. A linfadenopatia induzida por silicone pode ocorrer em pacientes com implantes mamários e ser confundida com câncer de mama ou outros tumores malignos ou benignos e doenças granulomatosa. O silicone normalmente migra para os linfonodos axilares, mas pode se disseminar para outros gânglios linfáticos e sítios extranodais causando padrões diferentes de linfadenopatia e até patologia extranodal

Ruptura de implante mamário com disseminação linfática do silicone: relato de caso e revisão da literatura / Ruptured breast implant silicone with lymphatic spread: a case report and literature review

Os implantes mamários de silicone têm sido utilizados para a reconstrução e melhoria estética desde o início dos anos 1960. As complicações relacionadas a implantes mamários de silicone são bem documentadas na literatura, incluindo locais e sistêmicas. Uma complicação rara é a linfadenopatia por silicone, definida como a presença de silicone em um linfonodo. Além disso, tem sido sugerido que o silicone pode ser um fator causal no desenvolvimento de várias doenças auto0imunes. Atualmente, o mecanismo de tais complicações é incerto e, em alguns casos, a prova de tal relação continua a ser uma fonte de controvérsia. A linfadenopatia induzida por silicone pode ocorrer em pacientes com implantes mamários e ser confundida com câncer de mama ou outros tumores malignos ou benignos e doenças granulomatosa. O silicone normalmente migra para os linfonodos axilares, mas pode se disseminar para outros gânglios linfáticos e sítios extranodais causando padrões diferentes de linfadenopatia e até patologia extranodal

Trauma hepático: epidemiologia de cinco anos em um serviço de emergência / Hepatic trauma: five years of epidemiology in an emergency department

OBJETIVO: analisar características epidemiológicas relacionadas ao trauma hepático e fazer breve revisão das modalidades diagnósticas e de tratamento. MÉTODO: estudo retrospectivo de fevereiro/2002 a maio/2007 através de prontuários de 154 pacientes admitidos com trauma hepático no Hospital Universitário Cajuru (HUC). RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 90,26 por cento das vítimas de trauma hepático do sexo masculino e a média de idade de 26,28 anos. Quanto ao mecanismo de trauma, 72,73 por cento foram por trauma penetrante, sendo que destes, 55,84 por cento foram por arma de fogo e 16,88 por cento por arma branca; e 27,27 por cento por trauma contuso, no qual 73,81 por cento envolveram colisões por veículos automotores e 26,49 por cento outros. Na admissão o período de 0h - 12h foi o de maior prevalência, a média da pressão arterial foi de 117,6/72,3 mmHg, da freqüência cardíaca de 99,03 bpm e do Glasgow de 13,6. O tempo decorrido entre a admissão e a realização da primeira cirurgia foi de menos de 2 horas em 60,43 por cento. Verificou-se maior incidência da lesão Grau II, seguida da Grau III e IV (totalizando 88,3 por cento). As lesões cirúrgicas associadas foram encontradas em mais de 75 por cento dos casos. O ISS médio foi de 15,09, 19,85, 27,83, 35,47 e 40,93 e a sobrevida de 100 por cento, 88,88 por cento, 81,25 por cento, 48,48 por cento e 22,23 por cento nas lesões grau I, II, III, IV e V, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: os dados epidemiológicos encontrados neste estudo refletem a violência na sociedade moderna, que se traduz com aumento da complexidade das lesões encontradas e constitui desafio para decisão da melhor conduta terapêutica.

BACKGROUND: We analyze the epidemiological characteristics related to hepatic trauma, and we do a brief review of the different types in diagnosis and management. METHODS: A retrospective study from February 2002 to March 2007. One hundred fifty four patients were admitted at Cajuru University Hospital with hepatic trauma. RESULTS: We found that 90.26 percent of hepatic trauma victims were male with average age of 26.28 years old. Hepatic no blunt traumas were 72.73 percent. Among these, 55.54 percent were firearm traumas and 16.88 percent were caused by stab wounds. Blunt traumas were responsible by automobile collisions in 73.81 percent, and 26.49 percent were by other mechanisms. Most patients arrived at the hospital between 12:00 A.M. to 12:00 P.M. The average blood pressure was 117.6/72.3 mmHg, the average cardiac frequency was 99.03bpm and the Glasgow average was 13.6. In 60.43 percent of the cases, the time gap between admission and surgery took less than 2 hours. The most frequent lesions were related to a second degree followed by 3rd and 4th degree lesions reaching 88.3 percent of the cases. Associated lesions treated surgically were found in more than 75 percent of the cases. The average ISS was 15.09, 19.85, 27.83, 35.47, and 40.93 percent. The survival rate was 100, 88.88, 81.85, 48.88, and 22.23 percent in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th degree lesions, respectively. CONCLUSION: The epidemiological data reflect modern society violence, which is translated by the increasing complexity in lesions found, and it has been a challenge for the surgeon to choose the best therapeutic method.