RESUMO
Introduction: India is facing a dual burden of malnutrition with high prevalence of underweight and increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity. Methodology: This study reports anthropometric findings (body mass index, waist circumference [WC], and waist-hip ratio [WHR]) from the screening of 3296 students admitted during 2018-2019. Results: Majority of the students were male (70%), with a mean age of 18.57 years. About 31% and 19% of students were underweight and overweight, respectively. Given sex-specific cutoffs for WC and WHR, about 5% and 21% of students were at substantially increased risk of metabolic complications. About 14.5% of normal and underweight students were also found to be at substantially increased risk of metabolic complications. Multivariate analysis found increasing age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-0.98) and being male (OR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.62-0.88) to be protective factors against underweight. We did not find any statistically significant correlation for overweight, for WHR among males, and WC and WHR among females. Conclusion: It has been noted that the college environment increases the risk of weight gain. Hence, it makes a case to periodically study changes in anthropometric measures through a longitudinal study, and accordingly develop life cycle-based interventions for prevention/management of undernutrition, obesity, and related complications.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The prevalence and pattern of skin diseases are influenced by the overall ecosystem of the region. There is a dearth of research about prevalence, health-care seeking, compliance, and treatment outcome in skin diseases among scheduled tribes. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to understand the magnitude of skin diseases in tribal area of Dahod, Gujarat using a simple "Store and Forward" technique of teledermatology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 randomly selected villages of Dahod and Jhalod blocks of Dahod district of Gujarat during June-August 2017. Trained surveyors visited households randomly in different localities (called Faliya) of each village ensuring representativeness. Survey responses were captured on mobile-based MAGPI portal, and images of skin conditions were capture on smart phones, and de-identified images were transferred over WhatsApp. RESULTS: A total of 781 households were approached in 10 villages and 2214 participants consented. Among them, 549 were identified with suspected skin diseases, but 520 consented for photograph. The skin diseases were more prevalent among males, children, and elderly. Of 520, 44 (8.5%) could not be assess due to poor quality photograph and 35 (6.7%) did not have any clinically significant condition. Thus, of 2214 participants, 441 (20%) had skin diseases, and infections and eczema were major conditions constituting two-third of the skin diseases in the study population. The treatment-seeking behavior and compliance to treatment was poor. CONCLUSION: Considering the high prevalence of skin diseases in tribal villages of Dahod, Gujarat coupled with limited availability of trained dermatologist, new innovative avenues like teledermatology should be explored.
