[Symptom complex, prevalence of trauma and body image of psychiatric patients with self-injury behavior]. / Symptomkomplex, Traumaprävalenz und Körperbild von psychisch Kranken mit selbstverletzendem Verhalten (SVV).

Within the group of in-patients the patients exhibiting self-injurious behavior (SIB) have a significantly more disturbed body image--as assessed by the Holtzman Inkblot Technique (HIT)--than the patients who do not have this symptomatology. The more disturbed the body image, the higher the frequency of SIB. The method of self-injury most frequently reported is cutting the skin of the extremities, followed by burning the skin with cigarettes or open flames. This behavior serves the purpose of alleviating diffuse internal tension, of directing aggression inward, i.e. toward the self, and of terminating depersonalization states. During the act of self-mutilation, the perception of pain is lessened appreciably or inactivated. 48 percent of the female patients in this group suffered sexual abuse during childhood.

Comparative investigations of progressive lenses.

Different types of progressive addition lenses were compared with each other. It was our aim to measure all parameters in such a way that they were consistent with the normal wearing situation. The distribution of the spherical power and astigmatism was measured with a special focimeter. The induced distortion, which is important for patient acceptance, was determined by a photographic method. There are significant differences between the various types of progressive addition lenses. However, objective information is not sufficient to resolve the subjective question of patient acceptance.