1.
Acta Clin Croat
; 61(3): 505-510, 2022 Nov.
Artigo
em Inglês
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37492363
RESUMO
Microscopic appearance of cells in urine cytological samples is the formal diagnostic approach adjunct to cystoscopy for the detection and follow-up of urinary tumors. However, cystoscopy is a surgical method and cytology may miss low-grade papillary tumors. Several assays and markers have been developed to assist in this. When combined with conventional cytology, uro-oncological diagnostic performance is improved. We review the value of these non-invasive modalities in comparison with urine cytomorphology in the work-up of urothelial malignancies.