Circular RNA circSLC8A1 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells through targeting the miR-106b-5p /FOXJ3 axis.

Circular RNA derived from the SLC8A1 gene (circSLC8A1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several types of cancers. However, the role of circSLC8A1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. In the present study, the expression levels of circSLC8A1 in NSCLC tissues and cell lines were determined by qRT-PCR analysis. Function-gain-assays were then carried out to further validate the role of circSLC8A1 in NSCLC in vitro. Online prediction software and the subsequent luciferase reporter assay were used to identify the target genes of circSLC8A1 and microRNA (miR)-106b-5p. CircSLC8A1 was found to be downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of circSLC8A1 significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells. Further investigations shown that circSLC8A1 was able to bind to miR-106b-5p as well as inhibit the expression of miR-106b-5p in NSCLC cells. MiR-106b-5p mimics reversed the inhibitory effects of circSLC8A1 overexpression on cell proliferation and invasion. Furthermore, we found that forkhead box J3 (FOXJ3) to be a target gene of miR-106b-5p in NSCLC cells. Knockdown of FOXJ3 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-106b-5p inhibitor on cell proliferation and invasion. Collectively, these findings indicate that circSLC8A1 exhibits anti-tumor activity in NSCLC, which might be mediated by the miR-106b-5p/FOXJ3 axis. The circSLC8A1/miR-106b-5p/FOXJ3 axis may thus represent a promising therapeutic target for the management of NSCLC.

Etiological distribution and clinical features of fever of unknown origin with pulmonary lesions in South China.

INTRODUCTION: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) with pulmonary lesions is a common syndrome in respiratory diseases, which can be caused by infection, cancer, connective tissue disease and other rare diseases of South China. In patients with FUO associated with pulmonary lesions, pathogeny should be identified and followed by an appropriate treatment strategy. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the etiological distribution and clinical features of FUO with pulmonary lesions and to analyze the efficiency of different diagnostic methods for certain disease categories. METHODS: Patients hospitalized at the Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health from July 2012 to December 2016 who had fever ≥38.3°C that lasted ≥21 days, in whom the chest X-ray or computed tomography (CT) revealed definite pulmonary infiltration, and for whom, despite being examined for a week, no definitive diagnosis could be made, were considered for this study. RESULTS: A total of 104 patients were identified as having FUO with lung lesions, and 89.4% (93/104) patients were definitively diagnosed. Infectious disease was the most common cause (46.2%, 48/104). Histopathology was instrumental in the diagnosis of the causes of FUO with pulmonary manifestations, 47.3% (44/93) patients were diagnosed through histopathology, 35.4% (17/48) with infectious disease and 55.2% (16/29) with connective tissue diseases as the etiology were definitely diagnosed using histopathology. CONCLUSION: Most FUO with pulmonary lesions are identified during infections and autoimmune diseases. The most important diagnostic measure for FUO with pulmonary lesions is histopathology. Additionally, lung biopsy must be encouraged in multi-level hospitals in the future.

Bacteremic and non-bacteremic pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii in ICUs of South China: A Clinical and Microbiological Study.

Acinetobacter baumannii has been a dreadful problem for ICU physicians for a long time. Bacteremic pneumonia (BP) caused by this organism has a higher mortality compared to other organisms. Between 2012 and 2015, 86 BP and 89 non-bacteremic pneumonia (NBP) patients from five ICUs were enrolled into the study. The 7-day and 14-day mortality rates were higher in BP patients than in NBP patients (P < 0.001). Procalcitonin elevation, high APACHEII score and recent surgery, were independently associated with BP episodes. Acute respiratory distress syndrome, coma, high APACHEII score and procalcitonin elevation, were independently associated with mortality in the BP group. Extensively drug-resistant isolates were detected in 34.9% of BP and 25.8% of NBP isolates. PFGE identified 12 and 9 genotypes in the BP and NBP isolates, respectively, with 6 genotypes shared by both groups. ST195 was the most prevalent type (40%), followed by ST457 (18.9%). The pandemic clonal complex 92 was predominant, accounting for 94.3% of the strains. For all studied periods, mortality remained higher in the BP than the NBP group. Disease severity was the main risk factor for high mortality in the BP group, and other factors related to mortality were infection, and not treatment or microbiology-related.

Direct production of cellulose laurate by mechanical activation-strengthened solid phase synthesis.

This work reports that cellulose laurate could be directly produced by mechanical activation-strengthened solid phase synthesis (MASPS) in a customized stirring mill with using bagasse pulp and lauric acid as materials in an environmentally friendly way. Cellulose laurates with different degree of substitution were obtained under different synthesis conditions without the use of organic co-reagents and solvents. The characterization results showed that cellulose laurates had great changes in surface morphologies and crystal structures compared with bagasse pulp because of the intense milling and introduction of laurate groups, but still retained the cellulose I crystalline form of the native cellulose. MASPS could be considered as a simple, efficient and green method for the production of long chain cellulose esters.

Microscopic structure and properties changes of cassava stillage residue pretreated by mechanical activation.

This study has focused on the pretreatment of cassava stillage residue (CSR) by mechanical activation (MA) using a self-designed stirring ball mill. The changes in surface morphology, functional groups and crystalline structure of pretreated CSR were examined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) under reasonable conditions. The results showed that MA could significantly damage the crystal structure of CSR, resulting in the variation of surface morphology, the increase of amorphous region ratio and hydrogen bond energy, and the decrease in crystallinity and crystalline size. But no new functional groups generated during milling, and the crystal type of cellulose in CSR still belonged to cellulose I after MA.