The post-discharge coping difficulty of puerperal women in a middle and low-income tourist city during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak, the incidence of mental health problems in perinatal women has been high, and particularly prominent in China which was the first country affected by COVID-19. This paper aims to investigate the current situation and the related factors of maternal coping difficulties after discharge during COVID-19. METHODS: General information questionnaires (the Perinatal Maternal Health Literacy Scale, Postpartum Social Support Scale and Post-Discharge Coping Difficulty Scale-New Mother Form) were used to investigate 226 puerperal women in the third week of puerperium. The influencing factors were analyzed by single factor analysis, correlation and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: The total score of coping difficulties after discharge was 48.92 ± 12.05. At the third week after delivery, the scores of health literacy and social support were 21.34 ± 5.18 and 47.96 ± 12.71. There were negative correlations among health literacy, social support and coping difficulties after discharge (r = -0.34, r = -0.38, P < 0.001). Primipara, family income, health literacy and social support were the main factors influencing maternal coping difficulties after discharge. CONCLUSION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, puerperal women in a low- and middle-income city had moderate coping difficulties after discharge and were affected by many factors. To meet the different needs of parturients and improve their psychological coping ability, medical staff should perform adequate assessment of social resources relevant to parturients and their families when they are discharged, so they can smoothly adapt to the role of mothers.

[Selection of q RT-PCR reference genes for Amomum tsaoko seeds during dormancy release].

Freshly collected seeds of Amomum tsaoko demonstrate obvious dormancy. Therefore, the selection of stable reference genes during seed dormancy release is very important for the subsequent functional research of related genes. In this study, ten commonly used reference genes(GAPDH, 40S, actin, tubulin, EIF4A-9, EIF2α, UBC, UBCE2, 60S, and UBQ) were selected as candidates for quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) of the embryo samples of A. tsaoko at different dormancy release stages. Three kinds of software(BestKeeper, geNorm, and Normfinder) and the Delta CT method were used to evaluate the expression stability of the candidate reference genes, and the RefFinder online tool was employed to integrate the results and generate a comprehensive ranking. The results showed that the expression levels of the ten candidate reference genes differed greatly in different embryo samples. GAPDH and UBC had high expression levels, as manifested by the small Ct values. GeNorm identified 40S and UBCE2 as the most stable genes. NormFinder ranked EIF2α as the most stable gene and UBC as the least stable gene. UBCE2 was found to be the most stable gene and actin the least stable one by BestKeeper. Delta CT analysis suggested that the expression of 40S was most stable. UBCE2 was recommended as the most stably expressed gene by RefFinder. Thus, UBCE2 is the ideal reference gene for qRT-PCR analysis of A. tsaoko seeds at different dormancy release stages. The results may lay a foundation for analyzing the expression of related genes during seed dormancy release of A. tsaoko.

[Cloning and expression analysis of GGPPS gene from Panax notoginseng].

According to the transcriptome dataset of Panax notoginseng, the key geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase gene (GGPPS) in terpenoid backbone biosynthesis was selected to be cloned. Using specific primer pairs combining with RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) technique, the full-length cDNA sequence with 1 203 bp, which containing a 1 035 bp open reading frame, was cloned and named as PnGGPPS. The corresponding full-length DNA sequence contained 2 370 bp, consisted of 1 intron and 2 exons. The deduced protein PnGGPPS contained 344 amino acids and shared more than 73% identity with GGPPS from Ricinus communis and Salvia miltiorrhiza. PnGGPPS also had specific Aspartic acid enrichment regions and other conserved domains, which belonged to the Isoprenoid-Biosyn-C1 superfamily. The quantitative real-time PCR showed that PnGGPPS expressed in different tissues of 1, 2, 3 years old root, stem, leaf and 3 years old flower, and the expression level in 3 years old leaf was significant higher than that in other organs, which suggested that it might not only be involved in the regulation of the growth and development, but also be associated with the biosynthesis of chlorophyll and carotenoids, the development of chloroplast, the shade habit and the quality formation of P. notoginseng.

[Cloning and functional characterization of pathogenesis-related PR10-1 gene in Panax notoginseng].

With homology cloning approaches coupling with RACE (rapid-amplification of cDNA ends) techniques, the full-length coding sequence of pathogenesis-related protein PR10-1 with differential expression was cloned from the total RNA of the root of Panax notoginseng, and its function was explored furtherly. As a result, the longest 465 bp ORF (named as PnPR10-1 with the Accession No. KJ741402 in GenBank) was detected from the cloned sequence with full-length of cDNA of 863 bp. The corresponding peptide encoded consisted of 155 amino acids, contained some domains such as Bet-v-I, and showed high similarity with that from Panax ginseng by analysis of phylogenetic trees created from the alignments. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of PnPR10-1 gene was constitutive in different tissues of 1-3 year old plant, suggesting that it might be involved in growth, development, and secondary metabolism; yet it was up-regulated significantly with the infection of Fusarium oxysporum in root, suggesting that it might be involved in defense against many diseases including root rot in P. notoginseng.

[Effect of Nutrient Solution in Soilless Cultivation on Growth, Antioxidase Activities and Amino Acid Contents of Nervilia fordii].

OBJECTIVE: To select the best formula for soilless cultivation of Nervilia fordii. METHODS: Four different formulas of nutrient solution on growth,antioxidase activities and amino acid contents were investigated. RESULTS: The concentration of 1/2 lettuce nutrient solution formula was the most propitious for the growth of Nervilia fordii, the antioxidase activities and amino acid contents were increased in the treatment of nutrient solution,and the highest amino acid content was observed in 1/2 dose of green leafy vegetables nutrient solution formula. CONCLUSION: The concentration of 1/2 lettuce nutrient solution formula is the optimal solution for growth of Nervilia fordii, the results of this study provides academic and technological basis for soilless cultivation of Nervilia fordii.

[Antagonism of Trichoderma spp. to fungi caused root rot of Sophora tonkinensis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the antagonism of Trichoderma spp. to fungi S9(Fusarium solani)which caused root rot of Sophora tonkinensis and discuss the further develop prospects of microbial biological control in soil-borne diseases on Chinese herbal medicines. METHODS: Antagonism of H2 (Trichoderma harsianum), M6 (Trichoderma viride) and K1 (Trichoderma koningii) to Fusarium solani were researched by growth rate and confront culture. And their mechanisms were discussed. RESULTS: H2 and M6 had obvious competitive advantage, the growth rate of which were 1.43-2.72 times and 1.43-1.95 times as S9 respectively. The space competitive advantage of K1 was relatively weak; the growth rate was slower than S9. The antagonism of three species of Trichoderma spp. to S9 was in varying degrees. The antagonism to S9 of M6 and H2 was better,the inhibition rate were 100% and 82.35% respectively, even cultivated S9 for three days in advance. And their inhibition indexes were both reached class I. The inhibition index and inhibition rate of K1 was respectively 46.36% and class IV. The Trichoderma spp. could cause S9 mycelium to appear some phenomenon just like fracture, constriction reduced, digestion, etc. which were observed under the microscope. CONCLUSION: Trichoderma harsianum and Trichoderma viride showed the further develop prospects in the fight against soil-borne disease on Chinese herbal medicines.

[Molecular identification of geminivirus inducing vein yellowing in Abelmoschus manihot].

OBJECTIVE: The virus isolate H was identified by molecular biology,it was collected from Abelmoschus manihot plant showing leaf curl,yellow vein symptoms in Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant. METHODS: The virus isolate H was observed in electron micrograph, and conformed detected by PCR using universal primer pair for the genus Geminivirus. RESULTS: The results indicated that all sequences homologous to the specific fragment belonged to the genus Begomovirus of the family Geminiviridae. There was the highest similarity shared 95% homology at nucleotide between the specific fragment and DNA-A of Emilia yellow vein virus isolates. CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that there was geminiviridea in Abelmoschus manihot, and the disease probably caused by Emilia yellow vein virus.

[Identification of pathogens causing root rot of Sophora tonkinensis].

OBJECTIVE: To identify the pathogens what caused of root rot, it can provide method of theoretical gist of integrated pest management of these kinds of diseases in the future. METHODS: Pathogens from rotten root of Sophora tonkinensis were isolated by tissue isolation. Their morphological characteristics were observed and rDNA-ITS sequence were sequenced, then analyzed by Blast in GenBank. RESULTS: Round colony in PDA medium. The aerial mycelium was thin, white, light gray and yellowish brown eustroma was on the surface of material. The surface of base material was flesh. Large number of small conidia ware oval, kidney-shaped, 8-16 microm x 2.5 -4 microm. And the large conidia just like Matt spore type, which had 3 to 5 septums. The length of rDNA-ITS of the fungi was 553 bp, which the ITS region sequences compared with the sequence of Fusarium solani (accession number: AB518683.1, AB470903.1, AB369488.1, AJ608989.1, GQ365154.1, EF152426.1), and Fusarium oxysporum (accession number: GQ922558.1, GQ922559.1, DQ452447.1) homology reached 99%. CONCLUSION: Combination of two identification methods,it arrived at the cause of root rot pathogen fungi was Fusarium solani.