[On the problem of the study of the chemical air pollution with chlororganic hydrocarbons at productions of polyvinyl chloride and epichlorohydrin].

Hygienic assessment of working conditions at the chemical productions of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and epichlorohydrin (EPCH) in East Siberia has shown that the employees are exposed to the chlororganic hydrocarbons of hazard category 1-2, out of them there were found to be more toxical pollutants such as vinyl chloride, 1.2-dicloroethane in the production of polyvinyl chloride; allyl chloride and epichlorohydrin in the production of epichlorohydrin. Multistageness of the technological processes, the absence of the isolation of main stages of the technological processes as well as the heating microclimate contribute to the chemical pollution of the air environment. In spite of the significant improvement of the hygienic situation at the productions mentioned in the recent 10 years according to the chemical factor due to the introduction of the complex of curative measures, the working conditions of the employees still belonged to the harmful category. According to the content of the harmful chemical substances in the air of the working zone and the parameters of microclimate, the working conditions of the employees working at the production of epichlorohydrin and in the shop of vinyl chloride production must be qualified as the harmful ones of the first category of the hazard and danger (Class 3.1), in the production shop for PVC- as the harmful ones which correspond to the second category of the hazard and danger (Class 3.2).

[The specific features of microbiocenoses in children living under conditions of anthropogenic pressing].

The specific features of enteric and nasopharyngeal microbiocenoses and the species composition of bifidobacteria have been studied in children living in the industrial towns of the Irkutsk Region under the existing anthropogenic load. Ambient air pollution is characterized and a presumptive human health risk assessed.

[Biomonitoring of formaldehyde in the urinary samples from the pediatric population in the Irkutsk Region].

Formaldehyde is one of the major pollutants of both ambient and indoors air. Thus, by comparing the concentrations of formaldehyde in ambient air (on study days) and in the air of classes and living rooms, the study has demonstrated that they may be 13.5 and 10.5 times greater than the normal values in the classes and living rooms, respectively. Biomonitoring of formaldehyde in the urinary samples from the pediatric population of the Irkutsk Region as an indicator of its chemical action has revealed the higher average group concentration of the substance in the urinary samples from urban children than that in rural ones (235 children from 6 inhabited localities). A significant correlation has been also found between the levels of formaldehyde in the urine of children (aged 5-10 years) and its concentration in the air of living rooms in the town of Shelekhov.

[Methyl sulphides and their metabolites in biologic materials of workers engaged into sulfate pulping].

The authors studied serum and urine levels of methyl sulphides in workers engaged into sulfate pulping and exposed to methyl sulphides. Blood serum was studied only for dimethyldisulfide. Urine appeared to contain no methyl sulphides, but finding was increased urinary excretion of sulfates which are metabolites of methyl sulphides. Sulfates content of urine correlated with intensity and duration of exposure to methyl sulphides, so this exposure test could be used as a biologic marker in monitoring work conditions and health state of workers exposed to methyl sulphides.

[Evaluation of a chemical factor during fires]. / Otsenka khimicheskogo faktora pri pozharakh.

The working conditions of firemen during active service cannot be assessed without characterizing the degree of ambient gas contamination with toxic substances. Firemen extinguish fires and liquidate accidents under difficult conditions, which presents a threat to their life and health. Fire-induced combustion products can emit as high as 100 types of chemical compounds. Of them, the most common and well-studied compounds are carbon oxide, sulfur dioxide and nitric dioxide, formaldehyde, hydrogen chloride, saturated hydrocarbons (C2-C10), acetone, benzene, toluene, and some chlorohydrocarbons (vinyl chloride, chloroform, and tetrachloromethane). These compounds are hazard classes II and III, they have been detected in the air samples in the foci of a fire in the amenity and industrial premises, during combustion of motor transport, garbage, etc. Toxicological exposure to these compounds is accelerated under elevated temperatures.

[Urinary sulfates as a biologic indicator of exposure to methylsulfate compounds in manufacture of sulfate cellulose]. / Sul'faty v moche kak biologicheskii pokazatel' vozdeistviia metilsernistykh soedinenii v proizvodstve sul'fatnoi tselliulozy.

The authors studied urine excretion of sulfates before and after a shift in workers engaged into brewing and flushing shops of sulfate cellulose production, who are exposed to various amounts of methyl sulfate compounds. Significant increase of urine sulfate appeared by the end of the shift and correlated with intensity of the air pollution with methyl sulfate compounds. Lower urine excretion of sulfates occurred with longer length of service.

[The gas chromatographic determination of sulfur- and oxygen-containing organic compounds released into the air of cellulose sulfate works]. / Gazokhromatograficheskoe opredelenie nekotorykh sero- i kislorodsoderzhashchikh organicheskikh soedinenii, vydeliaiushchikhsia v vozdushnuiu sredu sul'fattselliuloznykh proizvodstv.

The article presents data on the design of sensitive, selective, useful in group analysis method to detect dimethylsulphide, dimethyldisulphide, acetic, propionic, butyric and valeric acids, methyl alcohol and phenol by means of gas chromatography in the air of cellulose sulphate production working zone. The methods were tested in examining the work conditions in Bratsk found-lavage shops.