RESUMO
Key features of tissue enzymes functioning in antioxidant system (AOS) in sexually mature and immature individuals of Amur carp were studied. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was highest in the myocardium and subjected to age-related changes. It was concluded that changes in the functioning of AOS and intensity of lipid peroxidation processes are characterized by organ-tissue metabolic features and age peculiarities of metabolism that is most expressed in the myocardium.
Assuntos
Carpas/metabolismo , Catalase/metabolismo , Brânquias/enzimologia , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Fígado/enzimologia , Músculos/enzimologia , Miocárdio/enzimologia , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Fatores Etários , Animais , Análise Química do Sangue , Pesqueiros , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Especificidade de Órgãos , Maturidade Sexual , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/análiseRESUMO
Analysis of genetic structure of pure and crossbred sheep and cattle with the use of genetic-biochemical markers was carried out. Data on breed- and locus-specific genetic traits, stable in the time, were obtained. In sheep, breed-specific peculiarities of genetic structure partly related with the belonging of breeds to breed groups with fine-, semi-fine and coarse wool. The preferable influence of artificial selection at the phenotype complex traits in comparison with natural selection and animal origin on the genetic structure of crossbred sheep was revealed. However, the more profound effects of natural selection on the genetic structure of crossbred cattle were observed.
Assuntos
Ovinos/genética , Alelos , Animais , Bovinos/genética , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Feminino , Marcadores Genéticos , Variação Genética , Genótipo , Masculino , Fenótipo , Polimorfismo Genético , Característica Quantitativa Herdável , Seleção Genética , Ovinos/classificação , Especificidade da Espécie , LãRESUMO
Analysis of 6 cattle breeds (5 local Ukrainian breeds and the Holstain breed) on the 9 polymorphous molecular-genetic markers (transferrin, ceruloplasmin, amylase-1, posttransferrin, receptor to vitamin D, haemoglobin, leptin, kapa-casein) was carried out. The rare allele of transferrin was revealed in two local breeds and the rare allele of leptin--in two another local breeds. Associations between syntenic loci (transferrin, ceruloplasmin, kappa-casein, receptor to vitamin D) were observed only in the local breeds but not in the Holstain one. Locus-specific conservation of the ancestor allelic variants in the local breeds and effect of selection on interloci associations are discussed.
Assuntos
Bovinos/genética , Alelos , Animais , Proteínas Sanguíneas/análise , Proteínas Sanguíneas/genética , Bovinos/sangue , Marcadores Genéticos , Desequilíbrio de Ligação , Polimorfismo Genético , Especificidade da Espécie , UcrâniaRESUMO
Genetic variability and genetic differentiation in two Ovis species--domesticated (Askanian sheep, Sokilska and Kulunda sheep) and wild (bighorn sheep) were analyzed using different types of molecular-genetic markers--genetic-biochemical (30 loci) and DNA (ISSR-PCR) ones. High level of genetic variability was revealed. The average heterozygosity of biochemical markers loci was in range of 0.073-0.188. Markers involved into process of genofond divergence of two closely related species were revealed.
Assuntos
DNA/genética , Ovinos/genética , Animais , Marcadores Genéticos , Variação Genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
The comparative analysis of genetic differentiations between three species of Bovinae--Bos taurus, Bison bonasus, Bison bison with the use of different types of molecular-genetic markers--genetical-biochemical (35 loci) and DNA markers (RAPD-PCR, ISSR-PCR) was carried out. It was shown, that the evaluation of interspecies genetic interrelations was connected more with the determined molecular-genetic markers (loci), included in analysis, than with the marker's belonging to certain type (protein polymorphism, variability of DNA repeat distributions).
Assuntos
Bison/genética , Proteínas Sanguíneas/genética , Bovinos/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Alelos , Animais , Bison/sangue , Bovinos/sangue , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Eletroforese em Gel de Amido , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/estatística & dados numéricos , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico , Sequências Repetitivas de Ácido Nucleico , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
The comparative analysis of characteristics of three different cattle breeds (Brown Carpathian, Pinzgauer, Red Polish) on the 5 molecular-genetic markers and 5 muzzle dermatoglyphic types was carried out. It was indicated, that one characteristic can not be use as a breed-specific one but only their complex. The main aspect of search of this complex is the use of characteristics which mark different structure-functional systems of whole organism.
Assuntos
Bovinos/genética , Face/anatomia & histologia , Alelos , Animais , Dermatoglifia , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Genótipo , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
A wide range of variation in immunogenetic and biochemical markers was found in thoroughbred Brown Carpathian cattle. Comparative analysis of genetic structure of Brown Carpathian and Swiss cattle, as well as various hybrids of these two breeds, with respect to polymorphic biochemical systems, demonstrated that all hybrids having any gene admixture of the Brown Carpathian breed formed a single cluster in a dendrogram and were readily distinguishable from thoroughbred Swiss cattle. Originally, the Swiss breed participated in forming the gene pool of Brown Carpathian cattle. The selective advantage of some gene associations, which included the loci of the biochemical genetic systems studied, was suggested to be a specific characteristic of the Brown Carpathian breed. Genetic differentiation in the groups of hybrids bred in regions with different ecological conditions (high- and lowland) was revealed.
Assuntos
Bovinos/genética , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Variação Genética , Animais , Variação Antigênica/genética , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Bovinos/imunologia , Hibridização Genética , Imunogenética , Polimorfismo Genético , UcrâniaRESUMO
Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of groups of Pinzgauer cattle bred at lowland, highland, and alpine farms in the Carpathian Mountains were studied. A high variation of the cattle with respect to blood groups was revealed. It was found that the genetic structure of the highland group of Pinzagauer cattle was somewhat similar to that of Brown Carpathian cattle with respect to biochemical genetic systems, mainly transferrin and amylase-I loci. It is thought that the similarity found may be accounted for by close ecological and geographical breeding conditions of the groups of cattle studied.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Grupos Sanguíneos/genética , Bovinos/genética , Variação Genética , Altitude , Animais , Biomarcadores/sangue , Bovinos/imunologia , Ecologia , Marcadores Genéticos , Genótipo , Imunogenética , Fenótipo , Especificidade da Espécie , UcrâniaRESUMO
The analysis of the genetic structure at 12 genetic-biochemical systems of pure parental breeds and their mixed offspring was carried out. The genetic structure of the mixed offspring was also investigated in relation with their differences in milk productivity. Locus-specific peculiarities of reorganization of the gene pool in the process of obtaining mixed offspring were described. Some genetic-biochemical systems involved in differentiation of groups of animals with respect to characteristics of milk production were revealed.
