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1.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; 85(5): 65-70, 2020.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33140937

RESUMO

The purpose of the study. To establish the effectiveness of symptom reduction and preventive action of the herbal drug Tonsilgon N (HD) as monotherapy for exacerbations of chronic tonsillitis/pharyngitis in adult patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 60 adult male and female patients aged 18 to 60 years with an established diagnosis of acute tonsillopharyngitis. In total, each patient underwent 5 visits. Visit 1 - enrollment in the study and beginning of HD monotherapy, Visit 2 - on Day 7, Visit 3 - on Day 14 and completion of HD monotherapy, Visit 4 - on Day 60 and Visit 5 - on Day 180. The diagnosis of the disease and the examination of the patient was carried out on the basis of anamnesis, general clinical and ENT examination, palpation of regional lymph nodes. The severity of the clinical signs was evaluated on the basis of the symptom score. The general condition of the patient was also evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the number of exacerbations of tonsillopharyngitis during the observation period. RESULTS: The number of exacerbations of chronic tonsillitis and episodes of ATP for 6 months after the end of treatment decreased 4.8 times compared to the previous period. During the course of treatment (14 days), complaints of patients with ATP (general health and/or fatigue, pain when swallowing, headache, cough, burning sensation, a lump in the throat, hoarseness, pain and dryness in the throat, difficulty swallowing) had a pronounced tendency to regression. Improvement was also noted on examination and clinical evaluation. According to the results of the analysis of the evaluation of general condition according to the VAS (according to the standard technique in cm), there was a significant improvement both during the treatment period by 2.2 times, and during the observation period (180 days) from the period of Visit 2 to Visit 4 by 31.3 times. CONCLUSION: The use of HD as monotherapy for non-streptococcal ATP has shown its high efficiency. The possibility of using Tonsilgon N was shown as a prophylactic agent that reduces the number of exacerbations of inflammatory diseases in the pharynx during the period after the treatment course.


Assuntos
Faringite , Infecções Estreptocócicas , Tonsilite , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Medicina Herbária , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Faringite/diagnóstico , Faringite/tratamento farmacológico , Streptococcus pyogenes , Tonsilite/diagnóstico , Tonsilite/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto Jovem
4.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12886636

RESUMO

The microbiological study of 69 patients with allergic annual rhinitis (AAR) and infectious rhinitis (IR) was carried out. In AAR the isolated representatives of 15 genera and 40 species were distributed in 2 to 7 component; in IR the isolated representatives of 16 genera and 25 species were grouped in 2 to 4-component associations. In AAR Staphylococcus aureus was found to belong to the main species and in IR, S. aureus and S. epidermidis, while the number of species regarded as occasional in AAR was 7 (S. auricularis, S. cohnii, S. hominis, S. haemolyticus, S. warneri, S. apitis, S. schleiferi). Differences in the distribution of Neisseria, nonfermenting Gram negative bacteria, Streptococcus in associations in cases of AAR and IR were established. In AAR Corynebacterium pseudodiphthericum and in IR C. pseudotuberculosis were the dominant species.


Assuntos
Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Mucosa Nasal/microbiologia , Rinite Alérgica Perene/microbiologia , Rinite/microbiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
6.
Int J Antimicrob Agents ; 18(4): 347-51, 2001 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11691567

RESUMO

Resistance of Haemophilus influenzae from clinical isolates can be predicted on the basis of results of antimicrobial susceptibility of nasopharyngeal isolates. The carriage rate and the antimicrobial susceptibility of H. influenzae isolated in healthy children attending day-care centres in Moscow, Smolensk and Yartsevo was studied. The susceptibility of ampicillin, amoxycillin/clavulanate, cefaclor, erythromycin, roxithromycin, clarithromycin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole were determined by the E-test. The mean carriage rate of H. influenzae was 44%. Resistance of H. influenzae to ampicillin was 2.3%, to amoxycillin/clavulanate 0.7%, to cefaclor 0.7%, to clarithromycin 18.7% and to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole 21%. These included strains that showed intermediate-resistance. The antimicrobial resistance profiles varied in different centres. The clinical use of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole should be restricted because of the high resistance of H. influenzae to antifolate compounds.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Infecções por Haemophilus/microbiologia , Haemophilus influenzae/efeitos dos fármacos , Nariz/microbiologia , Faringe/microbiologia , Criança , Creches , Pré-Escolar , Haemophilus influenzae/enzimologia , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Resistência a Trimetoprima
9.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; (4): 30-2, 2000.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11011576

RESUMO

Exudative otitis media (EOM) was detected in 13 (14.8%) children out of 88 preschool children at audiological investigation. In their nasopharynx, these children carried pneumococci and hemophylic bacilli. The latter were identified 1.7 times more often in children with EOM than in those free of it. Both pathogens were encountered in EOM children 2.6 times more frequently. It is suggested that the above pathogens may support development and maintenance of EOM.


Assuntos
Nasofaringe/microbiologia , Otite Média com Derrame/microbiologia , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Infecções por Haemophilus/microbiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Infecções Pneumocócicas/microbiologia
10.
Pediatr Infect Dis J ; 19(3): 196-200, 2000 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10749458

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: It has been previously shown that study of susceptibility of nasopharyngeal isolates in healthy carriers can predict resistance in clinical isolates. The purpose of this multicenter study was to determine the carriage rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy children attending day-care centers in Moscow, Smolensk and Yartsevo, Russia, and in vitro activity of penicillin G, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefaclor, erythromycin, roxithromycin, clarithromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) against representative isolates. METHODS: Included in this study were 305 pneumococcal isolates from 733 children attending 9 day-care centers in Moscow, Smolensk and Yartsevo. All children enrolled in this study were <7 years of age. MICs of selected antimicrobials were determined by Etest. Serotyping of selected pneumococcal isolates was done with pool and type antisera. RESULTS: The carriage rate of S. pneumoniae in the 3 centers varied from 44.9% to 66.0% (mean, 55.9%). Susceptibility testing was performed with 305 (74.4%) of 410 isolates. Only 23 (7.5%) of 305 pneumococcal isolates were penicillin-intermediate (range, 2.8 to 12.8%) with no penicillin-resistant strains. All tested pneumococci were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanate. Macrolides possessed comparable activity against S. pneumoniae, at 4.6% resistant strains for both erythromycin (range, 1.1 to 17.1%) and clarithromycin (range, 1.7 to 17.1%). The highest level of resistance was observed with TMP-SMX, 53.4% (range, 43.8 to 70.9%). Of 23 strains 20 (87.0%) with intermediate resistance to penicillin were serotyped. The most prevalent serotype was 14 (5 isolates), followed by serogroups 19 (4) and 23 (4). CONCLUSIONS: Resistance to penicillin, other beta-lactams and macrolides does not seem to be a problem for Russia now. The high level of resistance to TMP-SMX considerably restricts its usage for the treatment of pneumococcal infections.


Assuntos
Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Infecções Estreptocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Streptococcus pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacos , Creches/normas , Pré-Escolar , Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Federação Russa , Sorotipagem , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia , Streptococcus pneumoniae/classificação , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Resistência a Trimetoprima
11.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; (1): 15-7, 1998.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9505525

RESUMO

The data of the genealogical and perinatal anamnesis, neurological examination of patients with exudative otitis media (EOM) suggest that they are at high risk of hypoacusis. Early comprehensive neurological examination of children from the risk group helps detection of hypoacusis in childhood. EOM children need neurological rehabilitation and correction of vegetative status.


Assuntos
Otite Média com Derrame/etiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco
12.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; (1): 29-31, 1998.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9505529

RESUMO

Clinicomorphological study of polypous rhinocinusitis in children gave evidence for functional disorders in local immunity and autonomic nervous system, i.e. adaptation system. It is supposed that correction of these disorders should be made by including in the treatment complex of medicines activating local immunity and vegetotropic drugs. Heparin ointment in the postoperative period was beneficial.


Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Heparina/uso terapêutico , Pólipos Nasais/complicações , Rinite Alérgica Perene/complicações , Sinusite/complicações , Sinusite/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Tópica , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Terapia a Laser , Masculino , Pólipos Nasais/cirurgia , Pomadas
13.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; (1): 50-2, 1998.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9505536

RESUMO

Preschool children with speech defects often have unfavourable history of family and perinatal diseases. Their health status is not satisfactory. Therefore, a special conditioning program should be developed and applied to children with speech defects.


Assuntos
Nível de Saúde , Distúrbios da Fala/diagnóstico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Transtornos Cognitivos/complicações , Transtornos Cognitivos/diagnóstico , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/complicações , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos das Habilidades Motoras/complicações , Transtornos das Habilidades Motoras/diagnóstico , Distúrbios da Fala/complicações
14.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; (6): 48-50, 1998.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10081402

RESUMO

Eucalyptus-based drug eucalymine made in Russia has been tried in children with acute maxillary sinusitis, exacerbation of chronic purulent maxillary sinusitis and peritonsillar abscess. The findings indicate a good antiinflammatory effect of eucalymine which can be used as a treatment of choice in children with ENT diseases.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Eucalyptus/uso terapêutico , Sinusite Maxilar/tratamento farmacológico , Abscesso Peritonsilar/tratamento farmacológico , Fitoterapia , Plantas Medicinais , Adolescente , Anti-Infecciosos/administração & dosagem , Criança , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Humanos , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Tempo
19.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; (5): 72-4, 1990.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2267702

RESUMO

In 1986-1988, we examined 1105 children no older than 15 years with various forms of hypoacusis. It was found that measurement of acoustic impedance can help topical diagnosis at any age, especially in children younger than 3 years. In 1988, we examined 350 children with conductive hypoacusis. The specific features of tympanography and acoustic reflexes allow early and accurate diagnosis of middle ear abnormalities. It is stressed that measurement of acoustic impedance may play an important role in examinations of patients with middle ear pathologies.


Assuntos
Testes de Impedância Acústica , Transtornos da Audição/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Otopatias/complicações , Otopatias/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Audição/etiologia , Humanos , Lactente
20.
Vestn Otorinolaringol ; (4): 73-6, 1989.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2800131

RESUMO

In recent years the percentage of patients with neurosensory hypoacusis among those with chronic hearing diseases has substantially increased. This fact makes important improvement of surdological aid to children in Moscow. The major goals of the city surdological department are: detection of children with hearing pathologies, their treatment and rehabilitation, manufacture of hearing aids. Rehabilitation is performed in dedicated kindergartens and schools. At the present time the basic purpose of the personnel is to detect children with hearing problems in high risk groups.


Assuntos
Serviços de Saúde da Criança , Transtornos da Audição/terapia , Adolescente , Audiometria , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Auxiliares de Audição , Transtornos da Audição/diagnóstico , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/diagnóstico , Perda Auditiva Neurossensorial/terapia , Humanos , Lactente , Moscou
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