The psychometric properties of Turkish version of the Modified Paediatric Mini Mental Scale.

BACKGROUND: Children with neurological diseases suffer from neurocognitive problems due to both the disease and the treatment processes. Therefore, it is necessary that a battery can be used to determine and track the cognitive function of these children. The aim of this study is to establish the Turkish version of the Modified Paediatric Mini Mental Scale (MPMMS), ensure its cultural adaptation, and test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the MPMMS. METHODS: Sixty-five children with the neurological condition were enrolled in this methodological study. The subjects' age, height, weight, and body mass index were recorded. The MPMMS and the social function subscale of the Paediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) were used to assess the participants' cognitive function. The construct validity of the questionnaire was determined by the correlation between the MPMMS and the social function subscale of the PEDI. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to determine internal consistency. To determine test-retest reliability, 32 children were assessed 7-14 days after the initial assessment, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 9.26 ± 3.87 years. A very strong significant correlation was found between the MPMMS and social function subscale of the PEDI (r = 0.935, p = 0.000). The internal consistency of the MPMMS was excellent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.932). CONCLUSIONS: The Turkish version of the MPMMS has excellent validity and reliability and can be used by professionals in various health care settings to determine children's cognitive abilities.

Stimulated biofeedback training for a child with Becker muscular dystrophy and compartment syndrome in the left forearm.

BACKGROUND: Muscular dystrophy negatively affects ambulation, mobility, self-care, and community involvement. Neonatal compartment syndrome (NCS) causes loss of muscle strength, sensory problems, and limb dysfunction. Patients with Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD) and/or NCS may benefit from individualized rehabilitation to improve function. PURPOSE: This case report describes stimulated biofeedback training (SBT) to improve the functional level, muscle strength, balance, and hand function in a child with BMD and NCS. CASE DESCRIPTION: An 8-year-old male patient with BMD and NCS in the left forearm received 12-weeks of SBT. The functional level was assessed by the Motor Function Measurement-32 (MFM-32), muscle strength by a hand-held dynamometer, balance by the Neurocom Balance Master, and upper limb function by the Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test (QUEST) at the initial examination, after 6 weeks and after 12 weeks of treatment. Laboratory tests to monitor changes in serum creatine kinase were performed throughout the episode of care. OUTCOMES: The laboratory values remained within the appropriate range to continue SBT. Functional level, hand function, hip, and knee flexion/extension strength, and dorsiflexion strength improved. CONCLUSIONS: This case report suggests that SBT safely and effectively improved functional level, muscle strength, and hand function in this child with BMD and NCS.

Investigation of the relationship between physical activity, kinesiophobia and fear of falling in older adults with chronic pain.

AIMS: This study aims to investigate the relationship between physical activity, fear of movement and fear of falling in older adults with chronic pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study includes 163 older adults aged 65 years and over, who live in a private nursing home. The cognitive functions of the individuals who participated in the study were evaluated with the mini-mental examination scale (MMES), fears of movement with the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), fear-avoidance behaviour with the Fear-avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), physical activity levels with the Physical Activity Scale for Older (PASE), and the fears of falling were assessed with Tinetti's Falls Efficacy Scale (FES). RESULTS: In the correlation analysis, there was a weak correlation between age and fall risk (r = 0.349, p < 0.001), and PASETotal score (r = -0.020, p = 0.011). There was a weak positive correlation between Tinetti FES and FABQ scores (r = 0.349, p < 0.001), and kinesiophobia value (r = 0.259, p < 0.001), there was a weak negative correlation between Tinetti FES and PASETotal (r = -0.241, p = 0.002). A positive mid correlation was determined between kinesiophobia and the FABQ scores (r = 0.41, p < 0.001). The established regression model was found to be significant (F = 12.175; p < 0.001). Among the independent variables included in the model, FABQTotal (t = 3.589; p < 0.0001) and PASETotal (t = -3.325; p < 0.0001) significantly affected the fear of falling. CONCLUSION: The presence of chronic pain in older adults who have problems related to physical activity, fear of falling, and kinesiophobia due to advancing age may affect social participation, functional level, and quality of life significantly. Therefore, pain should be addressed in older adults and should be considered as an important issue in rehabilitation programs.

Anthropometric and demographic properties affect balance in healthy adults: an observational study.

BACKGROUND: Anthropometric and demographic properties may affect balance, but there is no consensus on this subject; so, there is a need for studies that explore it. This study aimed to assess the relationship between balance and anthropometric as well as demographic properties; and to determine the effect of anthropometric and demographic properties on balance in healthy adults. METHODS: Sixty healthy adults were included in this study. The ages of the participants were questioned; height, body weight, Body Mass Index, head circumference, upper extremity, lower extremity, and foot length were evaluated, and shoe numbers were recorded. Balance assessments were performed with the Balance Master System device. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 23.50±1.97 years. The balance developed with age (P<0.05), while there was a negative correlation between height and balance (P<0.05). Weight gain affected balance negatively (P<0.05). The increase in head circumference, extremity, and foot length was associated with a deterioration in balance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study were showed that anthropometric and demographic properties affect balance. The increase in some of the anthropometric and demographic properties including height, weight, head circumference, extremity, and foot length harms the balance. During balance assessments, anthropometric and demographic characteristics should be considered as a factor that affects balance.

[The effect of pain on activity independence and health -related quality of life in cerebral palsied individuals]. / Serebral paralizili bireylerde agrinin aktivite bagimsizligi ve saglikla ilgili yasam kalitesi üzerine etkisi.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pain on activity independence and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in cerebral palsied (CP) individuals. METHODS: Individuals with CP aged 15 and above 50 with an average age of 22.18 ± 7.77 years were included in the study. After obtaining demographic information of the individuals who joined the study, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Functional Independence Measurement (FIM) and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) were used for the evaluation of pain, daily living activity and HRQoL, respectively. Changes in pain with time and the limiting magnitude of pain in ambulation and daily activities were also questioned. RESULTS: Pain prevalence was found as 36%. Pain localization was determined in the lower back, hip, shoulder, and lower extremity. Average pain magnitude was determined as: current (4 ± 2.02), minimal (2.88 ± 1.77), moderate (4.77 ± 1.55), or intense (6.88 ± 2.02) pain. Individuals stated that the pain limited their ambulation (6.55 ± 3.27) and daily activities (5.22 ± 2.55) moderately. A significant difference was found among the energy level of the NHP and total NHP in individuals with pain versus those having no pain (p<0.05); there was no significant difference between the sub-parameters of FIM and total FIM (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Pain was found to affect daily activities and ambulation ranging in degree from mild to severe, leading to an effect on HRQoL of the individuals with CP. We suggest that approaches oriented to the determination and treatment of pain in CP individuals will increase activity participation and HRQoL.