Evaluation of Knowledge and Practice of Resident Dentists in Iasi, Romania in the Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Dentists play an essential role in the treatment of dental and periodontal traumatic injuries by providing early and correct treatment. The purpose of the present study was to assess the level of knowledge of dental residents regarding dental trauma. The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Dental Medicine within the "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Iasi, Romania on a sample of 366 residents in General Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry and Periodontology. To assess their knowledge, a questionnaire was created containing 18 questions about the clinical signs and therapy of dental trauma, with a focus on tooth avulsion. A very low level of knowledge (<25%) was found only for the type of splinting required to maintain an avulsed tooth on the arch. The highest number of correct answers was provided by the residents in Periodontology. Physiological serum as storage medium was recognized by a percentage of 75.9-80% of the subjects, and 60-77% of them recognized pulp necrosis as complication of dental avulsion. The study underlines the need to introduce in the curriculum of all categories of residents additional information, not only in the already existent theoretical form, but also as possible scenarios of various clinical situations.

Pointing on the early stages of maxillary bone and tooth development - histological findings.

Although the morphological stages of tooth development, in parallel with maxillary bone construction, are known for decades, the intimate mechanisms of early development of the oral cavity structures and tooth's proper and associated tissues are still incompletely elucidated. Nowadays, the research in embryology was shifted from the morphological to the molecular and genetic approach. This new approach is accomplished by using in vivo and in vitro experimental studies performed on animal models and cell lines. The interest in the knowledge of these events at gene and molecular level is still current, aiming to sustain the progress in the endorsement of novel regenerative and restorative therapies. However, the morphological standpoint maintains its interest, because the extrapolation of the results of experimental studies in humans requires a strong confirmation. Within this context, our work aims to analyze the histological characteristics of the maxillary bone and integrated tooth germs during the early stages of embryonic development. The study group consisted in mandible fragments obtained by dissection of the cephalic extremities collected from fetuses aged from 10 to 24 weeks, after medical or spontaneous abortions. The tissue specimens were processed for the histological exam. The histoarchitectonic traits of the initial stages of mandibular bone tissue and tooth development were assessed. The results revealed the dynamics of the ossification stages, from stages of early-dispersed intramembranous ossification to the organization of the dental alveoli, incorporated step-by-step in the maxillary body, and the simultaneous presence of tooth germs with different sizes and shapes, in accordance with the development stage. Our study complements the existing data regarding the embryonic period, bringing an important contribution for the enlargement of existing morphological, visual information for maxillary bone and tooth development.

[Factors involved in microbial colonization of acrylic resins]. / Factori implicati în colonizarea microbiana a rasinilor acrilice.

UNLABELLED: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of polishing technique and the polymerisation type on the microbial colonization of acrylic resins. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The studied resins were: Castapress/Vertex, Prothyl Hot/Zermack, Duracryl Plus/Spofa Dental, Vertex-Soft/Vertex, Superacryl Plus/Spofa Dental. Ten specimens, two for every resin, presenting dimensions of 50/25/2 cm were done. One sample of each resin was polished with extrahard tungsten carbide burs, the other sample being polished with extrahard extrafine and diamond burs. The final polishing was done using a conventional method: pumice, water and lathe bristle brush for 90 seconds, 1500 rpm and soft leather polishing wheel for 90 seconds, 3000 rpm. One sample of Duracryl Plus was glazed after polishing with Glaze/Bosworth. Vertex Soft specimens were not polished because it is a resilient material. The samples were immersed in human saliva for 24 hours and after that were colored with May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG). The total germs number (TGN) was determined by Buiuc method. RESULTS: The lowest value of the microbial colonization was related to the heat-curing resins treated by conventional polishing combined with glazing techniques. CONCLUSIONS: The results noticed that the type of acrylic resin (autopolymerizing and heat-cured) and the polishing techniques have a significant influence on the microbial colonization. Specimens of self curing resin had a higher porosity than heat curing resin after the same surface treatment, generating a higher TGN.

[Surface characteristics of the acrylic resins according to the polishing methods]. / Studiu privind starea de suprafata a rasinilor acrilice în raport cu metodele de prelucrare mecanica.

AIM: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the polishing technique and glazing on the porosity of the dental resins. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The studied resins were: Castapress/Vertex, Prothyl Hot/Zermack, Rapid Simplified/Vertex, Duracryl Plus/Spofa Dental, Vertex-Soft/Vertex, Superacryl Plus/Spofa Dental. Thirty specimens, five for every resin, of 50/25/2 cm in size were done. One surface of each sample was polished with extrahard tungsten carbide burs, the other surface being polished with extrahard extrafine and diamond burs. The final polishing was done using a conventional method: pumice, water and lathe bristle brush for 90 seconds, 1500 rpm and soft leather polishing wheel for 90 seconds, 3000 rpm. Twenty surfaces were glazed after polishing with Glaze/Bosworth. Vertex Soft specimens were not polished because this is a resilient material. Surface porosity of the acrylic resin specimens was measured by optical microscopy. RESULTS: The lowest porosity was obtained by conventional polishing combined with glazing techniques. No differences between glazed and non/glazed self-curing resin specimens were noticed, but there were differences between self-curing and heat-curing resins. CONCLUSIONS: Conventional lathe polishing method is an effective and reliable technique for polishing dental resins. Specimens of self-curing resin had a higher porosity than heat curing resin following the same surface treatment. Higher surface smoothness was obtained by conventional lathe polishing completed by glazing.

[Resilient attachments--biological treatment solution for unilateral partials]. / Sistemele disjunctoare--varianta biologica de tratament in edentatia partiala intinsa.

The attachments recommended for a unilateral free-end distal extension partial denture assure the comfort for the patient because don't need a cross arch stabilization. One of the most used resilient attachment is represented by FM Hinge (New Anchorvis), an extracoronal, hinge resilient distal extension attachment. It is formed by two elements: a metallic female, designed for adhering into the framework of the denture base and a male, made of fully combustible plastic high fusing for casting to precious and semiprecious alloys. The retention of the denture is due to the friction achieved through the male and female elements. The attachment should also be resilient to transfer stress to the ridge and away from the abutment teeth. Resilient attachments represent a functional, aesthetic and biological solution in unilateral extended edentation.

[Study concerning the influence of the casting parameters of dental alloys on the cast prosthetic rehabilitation]. / Studiu privind influenta parametrilor turnarii aliajelor dentare asupra pieselor protetice metalice.

UNLABELLED: The integration of a cast rehabilitation into the oral environment and its clinical longevity are mainly determined by the accuracy reproduction of the technological parameters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the structural defects induced by the modification of the technological conditions of casting the conventional and titanium alloys. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We used 35 cast prosthetic rehabilitation, divided into 7 groups. For each group we modified one parameter: the width of the wax pattern, the design and topography of the casting channels, the absence of the cleanliness of the wax pattern, the preparation of the investment material, the thermal system for the mold preparation and reduced quantity of metal used for casting. For the 7-th group, represented by titanium cast rehabilitation, we modified the design and dimensions of the casting channels. RESULTS: The changes in the technological conditions induced porosity, incomplete frameworks or plus on the prosthetic appliances. The fundamental theoretical knowledge of the clinician and dental technician and the strictly application of the technologies assure the premises of the satisfaction of the patient.

Aesthetic goals in porcelain fused to metal prosthetic appliances.

UNLABELLED: The ultimate goal for ceramic fused to metal restoration is the creation of a perfect aesthetic integration of the restoration with healthy tissues. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study included a group of twenty-one patients. Sixteen of them were partial edentulous patients and five presented dental lesions or chromatic modifications of the dental tissues. The treatment plan consisted of metal-ceramic crowns and bridges. The ceramic system used was Vintage Halo (Shofu). RESULTS: According to the patient's age, topography of the missing teeth or colour modification, we surveyed the aesthetic rehabilitation, creating the specific morphological elements, in order to realise an individual natural aspect with a similar optical behaviour as the dental enamel. CONCLUSIONS: The current popularity of metal-ceramic restorations is primarily related to their predictable strength and reasonable aesthetics. The main parameters that are responsible for a high-quality result are represented by: non-invasive and reversible procedures, conservative preparations, individual function offered by an individualized reconstruction, gnathology-based concepts into the occlusal rehabilitation, biocompatible materials, longevity of the reconstruction and comfort for the patient.

[Prevention of root fracture using posts reinforced with fiberglass]. / Prevenirea fracturilor radiculare cu ajutorul pivoturilor armate cu fibre de sticla.

(The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength and mode of failure of endodontically treated teeth reconstructed with glass fiber reinforced posts. Twenty maxillary central incisors, extracted for periodontal reasons, were divided in 2 groups: gr. 1 - glass fiber posts, and gr.2 - control (endodontically treated but without posts). All samples were embedded in resin bloks and mounted in stainless steel cylinders for the compressive test. The force was applied on oral surface of the crown, until the failure occurred. The compressive loads at failure were recorded and compared with the statistical method Student t. The mode of failure of the specimens were also evaluated. The statistical analysis of the force values showed no significant difference between the groups. In conclusion, because of their low Young's modulus, the non-metallic posts made of resin composite reinforced with glass fibers have a protective effect on the dental tissues, the recorded mode of failure being very similar with the control group.

[Method and optical device for exactly hinge axis localization tested on original phantom]. / Metoda si dispozitive optice pentru localizarea exacta a axei balama. Verificari pe fantom original.

The quickly and exactly method of location of the hinge-axis is based on the moiré effect, produced between two superposed optical nets, one of it being moved. A face bow is fixed on the mandible to the occlusion rim. Two optical devices are mounted on the bottoms of the face bow. Two other optical nets are applied on the skin, corresponding to the TMJ. During the opening movements of the mandible when a pure rotation of the mandibular condiles take place on the TMJ, the optical nets are displaced and me exactly register the place corresponding to the rotation axe and we can note on the skin the hinge axis. The checkout was done using a phanthom achieved in our department, consisting of a skull made up of polyestheric resins and an elastic element made up of PVC.