RESUMO
PURPOSE: To report successful pregnancies after the transfer of re-vitrified human day 7 blastocysts developed from vitrified cleaved embryos. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of five day 7 blastocysts developed from vitrified cleaved embryos were re-vitrified and re-warmed. All of five re-vitrified day 7 blastocysts (100%) survived after warming and were transferred to three patients. Two of the women became clinically pregnant. Of these women, one woman delivered a healthy baby and the other pregnancy is ongoing at 26 weeks of gestation. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of successful pregnancies after the transfer of re-vitrified human day 7 blastocysts developed from vitrified cleaved embryos.
Assuntos
Blastocisto/citologia , Criopreservação , Transferência Embrionária/métodos , Técnicas de Cultura Embrionária , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Resultado da GravidezRESUMO
The pathway leading to cell death in clinical liver transplantation is not known. Eight liver transplant recipients and eight donors were enrolled in this study. Postoperative serum levels of alanine transferase had significantly increased in the recipients compared with those in the donors. Mild centri-lobular necrosis was observed in only liver tissues taken from the recipients. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-R1 and death receptor 5 expression levels had increased in liver tissues taken from the recipients. There were no changes in the levels of Fas/Fas ligand expression in liver tissues from either the donors or recipients. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) expression was down-regulated in donor liver after hepatectomy and liver allograft after implantation. The results suggest that, although ischemic liver injury was not serious, due to the short ischemia time, TNF and TRAIL signals are associated with liver ischemic injury in live-donor liver transplantation but Fas signal is not.
Assuntos
Isquemia/metabolismo , Transplante de Fígado , Fígado/irrigação sanguínea , Doadores Vivos , Receptores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/metabolismo , Receptor fas/metabolismo , Apoptose , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose , Pré-Escolar , Colecistectomia , Proteína Ligante Fas , Feminino , Hepatectomia , Humanos , Fígado/patologia , Fígado/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Necrose , Período Pós-Operatório , Receptores do Ligante Indutor de Apoptose Relacionado a TNF , Ligante Indutor de Apoptose Relacionado a TNF , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
Fibulin-2 and cytoglobin/stellate cell activation-associated protein (Cygb/STAP) are considered to be markers of hepatic myofibroblasts (MFs) and stellate cells (HSCs), respectively. The aim of the present study was to characterize the nonparenchymal cells (NPCs) of normal rat livers and carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrotic rat livers with respect to the expression of these two proteins. NPCs in normal (Glisson's capsules) and fibrotic (fibrotic septa) connective tissues were immunohistochemically categorized into four cell types in terms of the expression of fibulin-2 and Cygb/STAP: fibulin-2 and Cygb/STAP double-positive (Fib(+)/STAP(+)); fibulin-2-positive and Cygb/STAP-negative (Fib(+)/STAP(-)); Fib(-)/STAP(+); and Fib(-)/STAP(-). The Glisson's capsules had Fib(+)/STAP(+) and Fib(-)/STAP(-) cell occupancy rates of 45.5% and 54.5%, respectively, but did not contain Fib(+)/STAP(-) or Fib(-)/STAP(+) cells. On the other hand, the fibrotic septa contained Fib(+)/STAP(+), Fib(-)/STAP(+), and Fib(-)/STAP(-) cells at occupancy rates of 35.0%, 50.5%, and 9.1%, respectively, but did not contain Fib(+)/STAP(-) cells. Thus, fibrosis is characterized by a dramatic increase in Fib(-)/STAP(+) NPCs, and a dramatic decrease in Fib(-)/STAP(-) NPCs. Fib(+)/STAP(+) NPCs are located uniformly in Glisson's capsules and peripherally in fibrotic septa. The present study strongly suggests that Fib(+)/STAP(+) and Fib(-)/STAP(+) NPCs correspond to MFs and activated HSCs, respectively, both of which may contribute to liver fibrogenesis.
