[Early diagnostic signs of complicated course of hypermobile kidney].

AIM: To develop a method for early diagnosis of renal venous blood flow disorders as a factor determining complicated course of hypermobile kidney (HK). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Rotation angles in the three coordinate planes and six static conditions were determined in 92 patients with HK (in 3312 coordinate planes and in 1104 the static state). The fixed probe and "dancing kidney" method was used. The same 92 patients underwent polypositional Doppler sonography in six static states. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical software STATISTICA 7.0 (Statsoft Inc., USA). RESULTS: In 226 (93%) patients with HK SAD exceeded 30 mm Hg in at least one static state. Evaluation of 552 variants in assessing hemodynamic features of hypermobile kidney revealed that 92 patients had signs of impaired unilateral or bilateral renal vein outflow as determined by RMS and dVven. in 415 (75.18%) cases. The accuracy in determining belonging to the group, according to the classification matrices of STATISTICA 7.0 software was 89.13%. DISCUSSION: The developed methods for evaluating kidney rotation make it possible to diagnose significant disturbances of the renal major blood flow and monitor dynamics of the process in real-time. All disturbances of the renal major blood flow occur only in ptosis and rotation; that confirms the need for early diagnosis of these conditions. CONCLUSION: The findings of the multi-positional study of HK and the results of the data mathematical processing suggest that our method of HK imaging enables screening to determine the group of patients in need of further examination and observation.

[Modern diagnostic and management aspects of citrate therapy for uric acid nephrolithiasis].

INTRODUCTION: Iso-aciduria - long-term existence of urine pH within a narrow range (pH <0.8-1.2 units.) - activates certain enzymes for which these pH levels are favorable. Then, this activation induces precipitation of crystals corresponding to these enzymes. OBJECTIVE: To enable citrate therapy without a risk of altering the stone chemical composition and to identify indicators reflecting the degree of metabolic disorders in patients with uric acid nephrolithiasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Citrate therapy was provided with a mixture comprising "Potassium citrate monohydrate" and "Tri-sodium citrate di-hydrate" in a ratio of 2: 1. The study group included 64 patients, who had ultrasound-detected calyx stones and hyperechoic inclusions from 2 to 4 mm without acoustic shadow, located in the papillary region of the renal pyramids. Statistical analysis was performed by cross tabulations (pairing). RESULTS: The results of the statistical analysis have proven the legitimacy and feasibility of the proposed method of classifying patients into homogeneous groups according to the disease severity. CONCLUSION: Long-term citrate therapy should be carried out in such a way as to achieve maximum range of urine pH (from 5.4 to 7.8 units), which will allow to avoid deposition of other crystals upon the existing stone and identify indicators reflecting the degree of metabolic disorders in patients with uric acid nephrolithiasis. CONCLUSION: Long-term citrate therapy should be carried out in such a way as to achieve maximum range of urine pH (from 5.4 to 7.8 units), thus avoiding deposition of other crystals upon the existing stone.

Post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents of the Armenian earthquake.

The impact of the Armenian earthquake of 1988 on children and adolescents screened through the National Mental Health Research Center in Spitak, Armenia, is discussed. The earthquake caused close to 20,000 deaths, almost two-thirds of which were children and adolescents. Clinical data which address advances in understanding the diagnostic indicators and resulting psychopathology in victims of the Armenian earthquake are presented. Current theory about the processing of trauma in children and adolescents is reviewed, with recommendations for future research in this area.

[Electric stimulation as a method of acceleration of healing of crural bone fractures]. / Elektrostimuliatsiia kak odin iz metodov uskoreniia srashcheniia perelomov kostei goleni

Having used the method of electrostimulation of the fracture site with direct current of 10--50 mA in patients with crural fractures, the authors noted a more rapid callus formation. The latter is supported by clinical data and roentgenograms. The method results in shortening of the terms of recovery in patients treated conservatively and surgically. It is believed that this method may be recommended for a wider clinical use in crural fractures.