RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of HPV seropositivity among patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and healthy individuals and to correlate the association between HPV 16 seropositivity and risk of OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HPV 16 E6 and E7 plasmids were constructed for the production of recombinant protein, which was used as the antigen in ELISA. HPV ELISA was performed on serum samples from 50 healthy individuals and 50 patients with OSCC. RESULTS: Using the HPV ELISA, 30% (OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 0.85-5.93) and 18% (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 0.53-4.92) of patients with oral cancer were found to be HPV 16 E6 and E7 seropositive, respectively. Significant association was found between HPV 16 seropositivity and increased risk of OSCC in men, but not in male subjects. A similar trend was observed in non-betel quid chewers. CONCLUSIONS: Potential associations between HPV 16 E6/E7 seropositivity and oral cancer were revealed in men and non-betel quid chewer subjects, suggesting a possible etiological role of HPV 16 in subgroup of patients with OSCC in Malaysia.
Assuntos
Alphapapillomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virologia , Neoplasias Bucais/virologia , Proteínas Oncogênicas Virais/sangue , Proteínas E7 de Papillomavirus/sangue , Proteínas Repressoras/sangue , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Multistep pathways and mechanisms are involved in the development of oral cancer. Chromosomal alterations are one of such key mechanisms implicated oral carcinogenesis. Therefore, this study aims to determine the genomic copy number alterations (CNAs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and in addition attempt to correlate CNAs with modified gene expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Genome-wide screening was performed on 15 OSCCs using high-density aCGH. On the basis of pathway analysis, three genes (ISG15, Nestin and WNT11) which mapped to CNA regions were selected for further evaluation of their mRNA expression using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: Copy number alterations were observed on multiple genomic regions, including amplifications on 1p, 3q, 5p, 6p, 7p, 8q, 9q, 11q, 12q, 16p, 18p and deletions on 3p, 7q, 8p, 11q, 19q and 20q. Among the three selected genes, ISG15 had the highest mRNA expression level with a 22.5-fold increase, followed by Nestin with a 4.5-fold increase and WNT11 with a 2.5-fold increase. CONCLUSIONS: This study has identified several major CNAs in oral cancer genomes and indicated that this correlates with over expression of the ISG15, WNT11, and Nestin genes.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Citocinas/genética , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/genética , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Ubiquitinas/genética , Proteínas Wnt/genética , Idoso , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Hibridização Genômica Comparativa , Citocinas/biossíntese , Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA , Feminino , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Humanos , Proteínas de Filamentos Intermediários/biossíntese , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Bucais/metabolismo , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/biossíntese , Nestina , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Ubiquitinas/biossíntese , Proteínas Wnt/biossínteseRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible causes for delay in diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer at Sarawak General Hospital (SGH). STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective study of time interval between onset of symptom, first medical consultation, first specialist clinic consultation, diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer in otorhinolaryngology head and neck (ORL-HNS) and dental clinics at Sarawak General Hospital. Forty-two consecutive cases diagnosed to have cancer between July to December 2006 were studied. RESULTS: Mean interval between onset of symptom and medical consultation was 3.8 months, mean interval between first medical consultation to ORL-HNS or dental clinic referral was 8.4 weeks, mean duration between first ORL-HNS or dental specialist consultation to histopathological diagnosis was 18.8 days while duration between diagnosis to definite treatment was 26.9 days. CONCLUSION: Most cases were diagnosed at advanced stage. Patient delay was the main problem. There was significant delay by frontier health workers in identifying sinister symptoms of malignancy. Timing for diagnosis and treatment after specialist referral were comparable with other published studies.
Assuntos
Diagnóstico Tardio , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/terapia , Feminino , Hospitais Gerais , Humanos , Malásia , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The delay in the diagnosis of oral cancer has been variously reported as being contributed by the clinicians, patients or both. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the referral pattern of 65 patients eventually diagnosed as having oral squamous cell carcinoma. The results showed that 50% of the patients delayed seeking professional help for more than 3 months after being aware of the lesion. The majority of the patients consulted medical practitioners as the first source of help. The mean clinicians' and patients' delay were 10.3 weeks and 28.9 weeks respectively. Dental practitioners showed a tendency to refer more advanced lesions compared to the medical practitioners. The findings raise the concern that lack of patients' awareness, misdiagnosis by clinicians and late detection by dental practitioners prevail thus calling for urgent measures towards early detection of the disease.
