RESUMO
The course of 187 individuals ages 3-21 years with Autistic Disorder was traced through a period of 20 years (enrollment: 1995-1998, follow up: 2014-2019). Specific genetic and environmental causes were identified in only a minority. Intellectual disability coexisted in 84%. Few became independent with 99% living at home with relatives, in disability group homes or in residential facilities. Seven individuals (3.7%) attained postsecondary education, two receiving baccalaureate degrees, two receiving associate degrees, and three receiving certificates from college disability programs. It may be anticipated that the long term outcome for individuals currently diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) will be substantially better than for individuals with Autistic Disorder in this cohort.
Assuntos
Transtorno Autístico/diagnóstico , Transtorno Autístico/genética , Deficiência Intelectual/diagnóstico , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adolescente , Transtorno Autístico/psicologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Escolaridade , Feminino , Seguimentos , Testes Genéticos/métodos , Humanos , Deficiência Intelectual/psicologia , Masculino , South Carolina/epidemiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Creatina Quinase/sangue , Força Muscular , Debilidade Muscular/diagnóstico , Distrofia Muscular do Cíngulo dos Membros/diagnóstico , Miosite de Corpos de Inclusão/diagnóstico , Músculo Quadríceps/fisiopatologia , Anoctaminas , Biomarcadores/sangue , Biópsia , Canais de Cloreto/genética , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Debilidade Muscular/sangue , Debilidade Muscular/enzimologia , Debilidade Muscular/genética , Debilidade Muscular/fisiopatologia , Debilidade Muscular/terapia , Distrofia Muscular do Cíngulo dos Membros/sangue , Distrofia Muscular do Cíngulo dos Membros/enzimologia , Distrofia Muscular do Cíngulo dos Membros/genética , Distrofia Muscular do Cíngulo dos Membros/fisiopatologia , Distrofia Muscular do Cíngulo dos Membros/terapia , Mutação , Miosite de Corpos de Inclusão/terapia , Fenótipo , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Músculo Quadríceps/enzimologia , Procedimentos Desnecessários , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
Pacman dysplasia has been previously reported to be a lethal skeletal dysplasia with epiphyseal stippling and osteoclastic overactivity. We report on a sibling of a fetus previously reported as Pacman dysplasia. This infant has a clinical course consistent with mucolipidosis type II (I-cell disease) along with confirmatory biochemical, cytologic, and radiographic evidence. This case expands the phenotypic spectrum of mucolipidosis type II. Having redefined the diagnosis in one of the original cases of Pacman dysplasia, we suggest that what is called Pacman dysplasia could very well be Mucolipidosis type II (ML-II) in other published reports.
Assuntos
Mucolipidoses/diagnóstico , Osteocondrodisplasias/diagnóstico , Cerebrosídeo Sulfatase/metabolismo , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Glucuronidase/metabolismo , Humanos , Lactente , Lisossomos/enzimologia , Metacarpo/anormalidades , Metacarpo/diagnóstico por imagem , Gravidez , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal , Radiografia , Coluna Vertebral/anormalidades , Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , alfa-Manosidase/metabolismo , beta-Galactosidase/metabolismo , beta-Manosidase/metabolismoRESUMO
A family with X-linked mental retardation characterized by severe mental retardation, speech and behavioral abnormalities, and seizures in affected male patients has been found to have a G1141C transversion in the creatine-transporter gene SLC6A8. This mutation results in a glycine being replaced by an arginine (G381R) and alternative splicing, since the G-->C transversion occurs at the -1 position of the 5' splice junction of intron 7. Two female relatives who are heterozygous for the SLC6A8 mutation also exhibit mild mental retardation with behavior and learning problems. Male patients with the mutation have highly elevated creatine in their urine and have decreased creatine uptake in fibroblasts, which reflects the deficiency in creatine transport. The ability to measure elevated creatine in urine makes it possible to diagnose SLC6A8 deficiency in male patients with mental retardation of unknown etiology.
