Behavioural responses of a cold-water benthivore to loss of oxythermal habitat.

Climate-driven declines in oxythermal habitat in freshwater lakes can impose prolonged constraints on cold-water fishes sensitive to hypoxia. How fish cope with severe habitat limitations is not well understood, yet has implications for their persistence. Here, we use acoustic-positioning telemetry to assess seasonal habitat occupancy and activity patterns of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), a cold-water benthivore, in a small boreal lake that regularly faces severe oxythermal constraints during summer stratification. During this stratified period, they rarely (< 15% of detections) occupied depths with water temperatures > 10 °C (interquartile range = 5.3-7.9 °C), which resulted in extensive use (> 90% of detections) of water with < 4 mg L-1 dissolved oxygen (DO; interquartile range = 0.3-5.3 mg L-1). Lake whitefish were least active in winter and spring, but much more active in summer, when only a small portion of the lake (1-10%) contained optimal oxythermal habitat (< 10 °C and > 4 mg L-1 DO), showing frequent vertical forays into low DO environments concurrent with extensive lateral movement (7649 m d-1). High rates of lateral movement (8392 m d-1) persisted in the complete absence of optimal oxythermal habitat, but without high rates of vertical forays. We found evidence that lake whitefish are more tolerant of hypoxia (< 2 mg L-1) than previously understood, with some individuals routinely occupying hypoxic habitat in winter (up to 93% of detections) despite the availability of higher DO habitat. The changes in movement patterns across the gradient of habitat availability indicate that the behavioural responses of lake whitefish to unfavourable conditions may lead to changes in foraging efficiency and exposure to physiological stress, with detrimental effects on their persistence. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10641-022-01335-4.

[Metastatic pure testicular seminoma of the skin]. / Métastase cutanée d'un séminome testiculaire pur.

Seminomas are germinal tumors from testicular cells in men. Cutaneous metastasis are very rare. The authors report the case of a 56-year-old male patient admitted for treatment of an enlarged left testicular mass. Physical examination revealed a cutaneous nodule on the right side of the back. Histopathologic examination of both orchiectomy materiel and cutaneous lesion revealed pure seminoma. Chest and abdomen-pelvis CT revealed a pulmonary metastatic nodules, enlarged para-aortic lymph nodes and metastatic lesions in the adrenals glands. The patient died six months after diagnosis due to complications of metastatic disease despite adjuvant chemotherapy. To our knowledge, we report the first case demonstrating that seminoma may spread to skin.

Organic matter evolution during co-composting of the organic fraction of municipal waste and poultry manure.

The study concerned the evolution of organic matter, and the humification process, during the co-composting of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OMSW) and poultry manure (PM); the study was made with two different mixtures (OMSW:PM ratios of 3:2 and 2:3, wet weight:wet weight) and two different particle sizes (1 and 0.2cm). The results suggested that the composting process proceeded unhindered throughout the degradation of easily degradable materials like hemicellulose, and that of the rather less degradable cellulose and lipids, and the concentration of recalcitrant material, i.e. a ligno-humic (LU) fraction. These processes were more evident for mixtures with lower particle size. Throughout the composting, in all mixtures studied, humification proceeded by the formation of a new HA fraction, which was probably the result of the partial degradation and solubilization of more complex insoluble organic molecules, i.e. humin fraction.

L'uretrorraphie termino-terminale tardive dans la rupture post-traumatique de l'uretre posterieur

"Objective: To analyse the long-term results of the treatment of post-traumatic posterior urethral rupture by delayed bulboprostatic anastomotic repair and to evaluate the efficacy and advantages of this technique. Patients and Methods: Between February 1989 and February 2004; 15 patients underwent delayed bulboprostatic anastomotic repair of post-traumatic posterior urethral ruptures. The results were evaluated taking into account the quality of micturition; continence and erectile function. Results: After an average follow-up period of 34 months (range: 12 - 72 months); all our 15 patients were continent and voided with a satisfactory flow. To achieve this result; 5 patients (33;3) had to undergo internal ureterotomy. Only 4 patients (26.7) reported erectile problems. Conclusion: Delayed bulboprostatic anastomotic repair remains the ""gold standard"" in the treatment of post-traumatic posterior urethral rupture. Compared to other methods of treatment of post-traumatic stenosis of the ureter; this technique allows for a long-term success with minimal complications."

Spinal cord compression in metastatic prostate cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Spinal cord compression (SCC) in metastatic prostate cancer is not rare occurring in 1 to 12% of patients. We have analysed patients treated for this condition in our institution assessing outcome and prognostic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the notes of 24 patients hospitalised with SCC due to metastatic prostate cancer from 1987 to 2001. RESULTS: At presentation 3 patients were ambulant with mild neurological deficit, 12 patients were paraparetic and 9 patients were paraplegic. Diagnosis was established by emergency myelogram, CT-scan or MRI of the spine. 8 patients had received no hormone treatment prior to diagnosis of SCC. 19 patients presented dorsal or lumbar pain requiring opioid treatment on average 60 days before onset of neurological symptoms (range 10-840). All patients underwent steroid treatment; the 8 patients without prior hormone therapy were treated with bilateral orchidectomy, 1 out of these 8 patients had castration without other treatments; 12 patients underwent radiotherapy alone and 9 radiotherapy and laminectomy; 2 patients were in terminal conditions and receive only steroid treatment. Overall 15/24 patients were ambulant after treatment. 8 out of 9 patients treated by laminectomy and radiotherapy were ambulant after treatment versus 7 out of 12 patients treated by radiotherapy alone.17 patients died during follow-up with a median survival of 4 months (2 weeks to 49 months). 7 patients were alive at the last control with a mean follow-up of 10 months (range 4-40). CONCLUSION: Outlook in patients with spinal cord compression from metastatic prostate cancer is poor. Efforts must be concentrated on prevention of spinal cord compression. Patients with hormone resistant prostate cancer who develop persistent back pain should undergo imaging studies (bone scan, spine CT-scan or MNR) and prophylactic local radiotherapy to the spine if bony metastases are identified.

[Renal cell carcinoma in adults less than 40 years of age: a particular cancer? Incidence, outcome and review of the literature]. / Le cancer du rein de l'adulte de moins de 40 ans: un cancer particulier? Incidence, évolution et revue de la littérature.

OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence, clinical presentation, pathological prognostic factors and disease outcome of RCC in young adults less than 40-years-old. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The notes of 400 patients treated by radical nephrectomy for RCC suspicion, between January 1984 and december 1999 were reviewed. Twenty-nine patients (7.25%) were under 40. RESULTS: The most common histological cell type was clear cell carcinoma, found in 20 patients (69%). At a median follow-up of 80 months, 20 patients (69%) were disease free and 9 (31%) died of the disease. When comparing patients less than 40 years vs older than 40 years, we found significant differences in histology type (clear cell carcinoma 69% vs 91%; P = 0.0001), and tumor stage at presentation (pT2 = 34.5% vs 17.3%; P = 0.04) (pT3 = 20.7% vs. 42%; P = 0.03). Disease free survival was not significantly different between the 2 groups (69% vs 65.7%; Log rank test P = 0.4). CONCLUSION: Although rare, RCC in young adults seems to follow a course similar to the disease seen in older patients. Stage at presentation was different between the 2 populations however survival was not affected by age.