Single-cell resolution characterization of myeloid-derived cell states with implication in cancer outcome.

Tumor-associated myeloid-derived cells (MDCs) significantly impact cancer prognosis and treatment responses due to their remarkable plasticity and tumorigenic behaviors. Here, we integrate single-cell RNA-sequencing data from different cancer types, identifying 29 MDC subpopulations within the tumor microenvironment. Our analysis reveals abnormally expanded MDC subpopulations across various tumors and distinguishes cell states that have often been grouped together, such as TREM2+ and FOLR2+ subpopulations. Using deconvolution approaches, we identify five subpopulations as independent prognostic markers, including states co-expressing TREM2 and PD-1, and FOLR2 and PDL-2. Additionally, TREM2 alone does not reliably predict cancer prognosis, as other TREM2+ macrophages show varied associations with prognosis depending on local cues. Validation in independent cohorts confirms that FOLR2-expressing macrophages correlate with poor clinical outcomes in ovarian and triple-negative breast cancers. This comprehensive MDC atlas offers valuable insights and a foundation for futher analyses, advancing strategies for treating solid cancers.

Conhecimento de profissionais de centros de atenção psicossocial sobre segurança do paciente / Conocimiento de profesionales de centros de atención psicosocial sobre seguridad del paciente / Knowledge of professionals from psychosocial care centers on patient safety

RESUMO. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender os significados atribuídos pelos profissionais dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial acerca das terminologias da Classificação Internacional para Segurança do Paciente (CISP). Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, conduzido com 31 profissionais de CAPS III de um município da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada por técnica de grupo, guiada pelo Ciclo de Aprendizagem Vivencial. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, com auxílio do software Atlas.ti. Os resultados possibilitaram ir além do diagnóstico situacional sobre o conhecimento prévio da CISP pelos profissionais; promoveram a sensibilização para o reconhecimento de incidentes nas unidades; e constituíram estratégia inicial de desenvolvimento de consciência quanto à necessidade do planejamento do cuidado seguro na atenção psicossocial. Destacou-se a necessidade de desenvolver formação para segurança do paciente nos CAPS, a fim de promover uma assistência mais segura, em consonância com os objetivos das organizações internacionais e nacionais de saúde e necessidades de construção da cultura de segurança nos serviços de saúde mental.

RESUMEN. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender los significados atribuidos por los profesionales de los Centros de Atención Psicosocial sobre las terminologías de la Clasificación Internacional para la Seguridad del Paciente (CISP). Estudio de abordaje cualitativo, realizado con 31 profesionales CAPS III de un municipio de la región central de Brasil. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante una técnica grupal, guiada por el ciclo de aprendizaje experiencial. Los datos se sometieron a análisis de contenido con la ayuda del software Atlas.ti. Los resultados permitieron ir más allá del diagnóstico situacional sobre el conocimiento previo de CISP por parte de los profesionales; promovió la conciencia para el reconocimiento de incidencias en las unidades; y constituyó la una estrategia inicial para desarrollar la conciencia de la necesidad de una planificación de la atención segura en la atención psicosocial. Se destacó la necesidad de desarrollar la formación en seguridad del paciente en CAPS, con el fin de promover una atención más segura, en consonancia a los objetivos de los organismos de salud internacionales y nacionales y la necesidad de construir una cultura de seguridad en los servicios de salud mental.

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to understand the meanings attributed by the professionals of the Psychosocial Care Centers about the terminologies of the International Classification for Patient Safety (ICPS). A qualitative study was conducted with 31 PSCC III professionals from a city in the Midwest region of Brazil. Data collection was performed by group technique, guided by the Experiential Learning Cycle. The data were submitted to content analysis using the Atlas.ti software. The results made it possible to go beyond situational diagnosis of prior knowledge of ICPS by professionals; promoted awareness of incident recognition in units; and constituted an initial strategy for developing awareness of the need for safe care planning in psychosocial care. It was highlighted the need to develop training for patient safety in PSCC, in order to promote safer care, in line with the objectives of international and national health organizations and needs to build safety culture in mental health services.

Chemical composition, antifungal activity, antibiofilm and citotoxicity of the essential oil of Citrus deliciosa tenore.

The leaves of Citrus deliciosa Tenore were collected in southern Brazil, dried, and subjected to the hydrodistillation process to obtain the essential oil. The extraction of essential oil yielded 0.97% ± 0.04. The chromatographic profile of this compound revealed 11 substances, being methyl N-methyl-anthranilate (75.1%), γ-terpinene (13.8%), and Limonene (7%) as major substances. The essential oil shows antifungal action against all tested yeasts, with promising action against Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptococcus gattii, and Trichosporon asahii. This compound was also able to inhibit the biofilm production of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, and T. asahii. The essential oil of tangerine showed weak antioxidant action. It did not show cytotoxicity in human mononuclear cells. It is hoped that these results may guide future studies for the production of formulations that can be used in the treatment of biofilms caused by yeasts, as well as in candidiasis, cryptococcosis, and/or trichosporonosis.

Checklist de cirurgias seguras: percepção da equipe de saúde / Safe surgery checklist: perception of the health team / Lista de verificación de cirugía segura: percepción del equipo de salud

Objetivo: analisar a percepção dos profissionais de saúde do centro cirúrgico acerca do uso do checklist de cirurgias seguras. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 29 profissionais da equipe cirúrgica de um hospital universitário do Centro-Oeste brasileiro. Dados obtidos por meio de entrevistas individuais, entre fevereiro e março de 2019, norteadas por instrumento semiestruturado. Realizada análise de conteúdo. Resultados: emergiram as categorias temáticas 'Prática e importância atribuída ao uso do checklist de cirurgias seguras pela equipe de saúde' e 'Perspectivas para o uso efetivo do checklist de cirurgias seguras na prática profissional'. Conclusão: Revelou-se uma prática incipiente do uso do checklist de cirurgias seguras, apesar de compreenderem sua importância, e verificou-se o reconhecimento de aspectos profissionais e organizacionais que precisam ser trabalhados para tornar a incorporação dessa ferramenta mais assertiva no processo de trabalho da instituição.

Objective: to analyze the perception of health professionals in the operating room regarding the use of the safe surgeries checklist. Method: descriptive-exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, carried out with 29 professionals from the surgical team of a university hospital in the Brazilian Midwest. Data obtained through individual interviews, between February and March 2019, guided by a semi-structured instrument. Content analysis performed. Results: thematic categories 'Practice and importance attributed to the use of the safe surgeries checklist by the health team' and 'Perspectives for the effective use of the safe surgeries checklist in professional practice' emerged. Conclusion: It was revealed an incipient practice of using the safe surgeries checklist, despite understanding its importance, and there was recognition of professional and organizational aspects that need to be worked on to make the incorporation of this tool more assertive in the work process of institution.

Objetivo: analizar la percepción de los profesionales de la salud en centro quirúrgico sobre el uso del checklist de cirugías seguras. Método: estudio descriptivo-exploratorio, con abordaje cualitativo, realizado con 29 profesionales del equipo quirúrgico de un hospital universitario del Medio Oeste brasileño. Datos obtenidos a través de entrevistas individuales, entre febrero y marzo de 2019, guiadas por un instrumento semiestructurado. Análisis de contenido realizado. Resultados: surgieron categorías temáticas 'Práctica e importancia atribuida al uso de la lista de verificación de cirugías seguras por parte del equipo de salud' y 'Perspectivas para el uso efectivo de la lista de verificación de cirugías seguras en la práctica profesional'. Conclusión: Se reveló una práctica incipiente de utilizar el checklist de cirugías seguras, a pesar de comprender su importancia, y se reconocieron aspectos profesionales y organizacionales que deben ser trabajados para hacer más asertiva la incorporación de esta herramienta en el proceso de trabajo de la institución.

Somatic DNA Damage Response and Homologous Repair Gene Alterations and Its Association With Tumor Variant Burden in Breast Cancer Patients With Occupational Exposure to Pesticides.

Homologous recombination is a crucial pathway that is specialized in repairing double-strand breaks; thus, alterations in genes of this pathway may lead to loss of genomic stability and cell growth suppression. Pesticide exposure potentially increases cancer risk through several mechanisms, such as the genotoxicity caused by chronic exposure, leading to gene alteration. To analyze this hypothesis, we investigated if breast cancer patients exposed to pesticides present a different mutational pattern in genes related to homologous recombination (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, and RAD51D) and damage-response (TP53) concerning unexposed patients. We performed multiplex PCR-based assays and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of all coding regions and flanking splicing sites of BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, TP53, and RAD51D in 158 unpaired tumor samples from breast cancer patients on MiSeq (Illumina) platform. We found that exposed patients had tumors with more pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants than unexposed patients (p = 0.017). In general, tumors that harbored a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant had a higher mutational burden (p < 0.001). We also observed that breast cancer patients exposed to pesticides had a higher mutational burden when diagnosed before 50 years old (p = 0.00978) and/or when carrying BRCA1 (p = 0.0138), BRCA2 (p = 0.0366), and/or PALB2 (p = 0.00058) variants, a result not found in the unexposed group. Our results show that pesticide exposure impacts the tumor mutational landscape and could be associated with the carcinogenesis process, therapy response, and disease progression. Further studies should increase the observation period in exposed patients to better evaluate the impact of these findings.

Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Options for KMT2A-Rearranged Acute Leukemias.

The KMT2A (MLL) gene rearrangements (KMT2A-r) are associated with a diverse spectrum of acute leukemias. Although most KMT2A-r are restricted to nine partner genes, we have recently revealed that KMT2A-USP2 fusions are often missed during FISH screening of these genetic alterations. Therefore, complementary methods are important for appropriate detection of any KMT2A-r. Here we use a machine learning model to unravel the most appropriate markers for prediction of KMT2A-r in various types of acute leukemia. A Random Forest and LightGBM classifier was trained to predict KMT2A-r in patients with acute leukemia. Our results revealed a set of 20 genes capable of accurately estimating KMT2A-r. The SKIDA1 (AUC: 0.839; CI: 0.799-0.879) and LAMP5 (AUC: 0.746; CI: 0.685-0.806) overexpression were the better markers associated with KMT2A-r compared to CSPG4 (also named NG2; AUC: 0.722; CI: 0.659-0.784), regardless of the type of acute leukemia. Of importance, high expression levels of LAMP5 estimated the occurrence of all KMT2A-USP2 fusions. Also, we performed drug sensitivity analysis using IC50 data from 345 drugs available in the GDSC database to identify which ones could be used to treat KMT2A-r leukemia. We observed that KMT2A-r cell lines were more sensitive to 5-Fluorouracil (5FU), Gemcitabine (both antimetabolite chemotherapy drugs), WHI-P97 (JAK-3 inhibitor), Foretinib (MET/VEGFR inhibitor), SNX-2112 (Hsp90 inhibitor), AZD6482 (PI3Kß inhibitor), KU-60019 (ATM kinase inhibitor), and Pevonedistat (NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) inhibitor). Moreover, IC50 data from analyses of ex-vivo drug sensitivity to small-molecule inhibitors reveals that Foretinib is a promising drug option for AML patients carrying FLT3 activating mutations. Thus, we provide novel and accurate options for the diagnostic screening and therapy of KMT2A-r leukemia, regardless of leukemia subtype.

Anatomical profiles validate gall morphospecies under similar morphotypes.

Plant galls are generated by the stimuli of gall-inducing organisms on their hosts, creating gall morphotypes that vary in color, shape, size, and tissue organization. Herein, we propose to compare the structural features of gall morphotypes on the superhost Croton floribundus (Euphorbiaceae) in order to recognize gall morphospecies, i.e., galls with similar shapes but different internal structures. Non-galled leaves and galls were analyzed macroscopically, histologically, and histochemically for the detection of primary metabolites, and the results obtained were used for statistical analyses of similarity. Among the eight gall morphospecies, four are globoid, two are lenticular, one is fusiform and one is marginal leaf rolling. Stomatal differentiation and the occurrence of different types of trichomes were impaired in some gall morphospecies. Three patterns of organization of the ground system are recognized, ranging from the maintenance of mesophyll cells that differentiate into palisade and spongy cells dorsiventrally to the formation of a complex cortex with three morphofunctional layers. The marginal leaf rolling galls have the simplest anatomical structures, quite similar to those of the non-galled host leaf, while lenticular, globoid (types I to IV), and fusiform galls are anatomically more complex. Herein, we report on eight gall morphospecies occurring on C. floribundus, which are distinguished by morpho-anatomical attributes and show the disruption of the morphogenetic patterns of the host leaf toward the morphogenesis of unique gall features.

Professionals' beliefs in patient involvement for hospital safety.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the beliefs of health care professionals about the benefits of patient involvement in care during hospitalization. METHODS: a descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study was conducted with 87 health professionals from a teaching hospital. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between December 2019 and January 2020 - data was submitted to content analysis and interpreted in light of Rosenstock's Model of Beliefs in Health. RESULTS: participants included nursing technicians, nurses, doctors, and other professionals. The categories "Professionals' beliefs about patient involvement in care", "Practices of patient involvement in care" and "Factors favoring patient involvement in hospital care" emerged. The perception of professionals revealed the influence of patient involvement in care outcomes and benefits for the safety of care. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: involving the patient in care is associated with the healthcare professional's belief in the benefits of this practice for reducing incidents.

The Role of COVID-19 Vaccinal Status in Admitted Children during OMICRON Variant Circulation in Rio de Janeiro, City-Preliminary Report.

Objective: To evaluate COVID-19 vaccination status in admitted children in 2020−2021 and during the OMICRON variant circulation (2022), a period when children older than 12 years of age had received two doses of COVID-19 vaccines. Design: An observational retrospective study. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 were compared in two different periods: 2020−2021 when adolescents aged 12−18 years had not received the complete COVID-19 vaccine, and 2022 when children older than 12 years had received the complete Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine scheme. Setting: Two pediatric hospitals in Rio de Janeiro city. Patients: Children aged < 18 years with confirmed COVID-19. Intervention: None. Main outcome: Vaccination status for COVID-19 on admission. Results: In total, 300 patients were admitted with confirmed COVID-19 (240 in 2020−2021 and 60 in 2022). The distribution of patients according to the age-groups was: 0−2 years (33.3% in 2020−2021 and 53.4% in 2022), 2−5 years (21.7% in 2020−2021 and 10% in 2022), 5−11 years (29.2% in 2020−2021 and 28.3% in 2022), and 12−18 years (15.8% in 2020−2021 and 8.3% in 2022) (p = 0.076). The median length of stay was six days in 2020−2021 and six days in 2022 (p = 0.423). We verified six deaths in the first analysis period and one death in the second one (p = 0.894). Of the 60 children admitted in 2022, 58 (96.7%) did not receive the complete COVID-19 vaccine scheme available. Conclusions: We verified in a "real-world condition" the ability of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine to prevent hospitalization in children over 12 years of age.

Antimycobacterial activity of Achyrocline flaccida (Asteraceae) aqueous extract from Southern Brazil.

Achyrocline flaccida aqueous extract was obtained by macerating wildflowers. The phytochemical profile present in the A. flaccida aqueous extract was elucidated by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Toxicity was evaluated in vitro by comet assay in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in vivo using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model. The antioxidant activity was also evaluated, and antimycobacterial activity was assessed by the broth microdilution method. The compounds present in the aqueous extract mainly belonged to the flavonoid class (89%). The concentrations that showed protective effects in C. elegans against oxidative stress and antimycobacterial activity had no toxic effects. The antimycobacterial activity test demonstrated that the concentration of 1,560 µg mL-1 inhibited the growth and eradication of the mycobacterial tested strains. Based on our findings, the A. flaccida aqueous extract presents a viable potential in developing new phytotherapeutic drugs against mycobacteria of clinical relevance.

Professionals' beliefs in patient involvement for hospital safety / Creencias de los profesionales en el involucramiento del paciente para la seguridad hospitalaria / Crenças dos profissionais no envolvimento do paciente para a segurança hospitalar

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the beliefs of health care professionals about the benefits of patient involvement in care during hospitalization. Methods: a descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study was conducted with 87 health professionals from a teaching hospital. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between December 2019 and January 2020 - data was submitted to content analysis and interpreted in light of Rosenstock's Model of Beliefs in Health. Results: participants included nursing technicians, nurses, doctors, and other professionals. The categories "Professionals' beliefs about patient involvement in care", "Practices of patient involvement in care" and "Factors favoring patient involvement in hospital care" emerged. The perception of professionals revealed the influence of patient involvement in care outcomes and benefits for the safety of care. Final Considerations: involving the patient in care is associated with the healthcare professional's belief in the benefits of this practice for reducing incidents.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar creencias de profesionales sanitarios sobre beneficios del involucramiento del paciente en la atención durante la hospitalización. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, de abordaje cualitativo, realizado con 87 profesionales sanitarios de un hospital de enseñanza. Realizada entrevista semiestructurada, entre diciembre de 2019 y enero de 2020 — datos sometidos al análisis de contenido e interpretados basados en el Modelo de Creencias en Salud de Rosenstock. Resultados: participaron técnicos de enfermería, enfermeros, médicos, entre otros profesionales. Emergieron las categorías "Creencias de profesionales sobre el involucramiento del paciente en la atención", "Prácticas de involucramiento del paciente en la atención" y "Factores favorables al involucramiento del paciente en la atención hospitalaria". Percepción de profesionales desveló influencia del involucramiento del paciente en desfechos asistenciales y beneficios para seguridad asistencial. Consideraciones Finales: involucrar al paciente en la atención está relacionado a creencia del profesional sanitario en los beneficios de esa práctica para la reducción de incidentes.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as crenças dos profissionais de saúde acerca dos benefícios do envolvimento do paciente na assistência durante a hospitalização. Métodos: estudo descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 87 profissionais de saúde de um hospital de ensino. Realizou se entrevista semiestruturada, entre dezembro de 2019 e janeiro de 2020 — dados submetidos à análise de conteúdo e interpretados à luz do Modelo de Crenças em Saúde de Rosenstock. Resultados: participaram técnicos de enfermagem, enfermeiros, médicos, dentre outros profissionais. Emergiram as categorias "Crenças dos profissionais sobre o envolvimento do paciente no cuidado", "Práticas de envolvimento do paciente no cuidado" e "Fatores favoráveis ao envolvimento do paciente no cuidado hospitalar". A percepção dos profissionais desvelou influência do envolvimento do paciente nos desfechos assistenciais e benefícios para a segurança assistencial. Considerações Finais: envolver o paciente no cuidado está associado à crença do profissional de saúde nos benefícios dessa prática para a redução de incidentes.

Aplicação do aprendido em treinamento sobre segurança do paciente: Estratégias utilizadas por profissionais da atenção primária à saúde / Application of learning in patient safety training: strategies used by primary healthcare professionals / Aplicación del aprendizaje en la formación en seguridad del paciente: estrategias utilizadas por los profesionales de la atención primaria de salud

Objetivo: Analisar as estratégias utilizadas pelos profissionais da atenção primária à saúde para aplicação do aprendido em treinamento sobre segurança do paciente, no contexto da prática. Métodos: Estudo transversal, desenvolvido com 62 profissionais de saúde vinculados às unidades de atenção primária à saúde, cadastrados no Telessaúde Goiás e que participaram de um programa de treinamento sobre segurança do paciente. Os dados foram coletados em janeiro de 2015, via web. Utilizou-se a Escala de Estratégias de Aplicação do Aprendido, instrumento validado, autoaplicável. Realizada análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: Participaram enfermeiros, médicos, odontólogos e técnico de enfermagem. A percepção das variáveis analisadas foi considerada razoável, obtendo média entre 4,9 e 6,2 e mediana entre 5,0 e 7,0, de um total de 7,0 pontos. A aplicação do aprendido foi favorecida pela importância que os profissionais de saúde atribuem ao conteúdo ministrado e à admiração pelas pessoas que conseguem aplicar no trabalho o que aprendem em treinamentos. Conclusão: A aplicação do aprendido é uma estratégia que favorece a aprendizagem, deve ser ampliada por ações de apoio organizacional por parte da gestão, pensando no aumento da segurança do paciente no ambiente de prática e na busca de excelência no cuidado prestado na atenção primária à saúde. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the strategies used by primary healthcare professionals to apply what has been learned in training on patient safety in the context of practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, developed with 62 healthcare professionals linked to primary healthcare units, registered with Telehealth Goiás and who participated in a training program on patient safety. Data were collected in January 2015, via the web. The Learning Application Strategies Scale was used, a validated and self-applicable instrument. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results: Nurses, physicians, dentists and nursing technicians participated. The perception of the analyzed variables was considered reasonable, with a mean between 4.9 and 6.2 and a median between 5.0 and 7.0 out of a total of 7.0 points. The application of what has been learned was favored by the importance that healthcare professionals attach to the content taught and the admiration for people who manage to apply what they learn in training at work. Conclusion: The application of what has been learned is a strategy that favors learning and must be expanded by organizational support actions by management, thinking about increasing patient safety in the practice environment and seeking excellence in the care provided in primary healthcare. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar las estrategias utilizadas por los profesionales de la atención primaria de salud para aplicar lo aprendido en la formación en seguridad del paciente en el contexto de la práctica. Métodos: Estudio transversal, desarrollado con 62 profesionales de la salud vinculados a unidades de atención primaria, registrados en Telesalud Goiás y que participaron en un programa de formación en seguridad del paciente. Los datos se recopilaron en enero de 2015 a través de la web. Se utilizó la Escala de Estrategias de Aplicación de Aprendizaje, un instrumento validado y autoaplicable. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo. Resultados: Participaron enfermeras, médicos, dentistas y técnicos de enfermería. La percepción de las variables analizadas se consideró razonable, con una media entre 4,9 y 6,2 y una mediana entre 5,0 y 7,0, de un total de 7,0 puntos. La aplicación de lo aprendido se vio favorecida por la importancia que los profesionales de la salud otorgan a los contenidos impartidos y la admiración por las personas que logran aplicar lo aprendido en la formación en el trabajo. Conclusión: La aplicación de lo aprendido es una estrategia que favorece el aprendizaje y debe ser ampliada con acciones de apoyo organizacional por parte de la gerencia, pensando en incrementar la seguridad del paciente en el ambiente de la práctica y buscando la excelencia en la atención brindada en la atención primaria de salud. (AU)

Risk classification in a pediatric service: evaluation of the structure, process, and outcome / Clasificación de riesgo en un servicio pediátrico: evaluación de la estructura, proceso y resultado / Classificação de risco em um serviço pediátrico: avaliação da estrutura, processo e resultado

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate a pediatric risk evaluation and classification service in the aspects of structure, process, and outcome. Methods: a cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory study in which qualitative data complement the results. Data collection by non-participant observation, interview, and consultation of medical records. Results: we observed two hundred and four visits. The service works in a makeshift room and without privacy. The nurses did not use various materials/equipment available for evaluation, rarely performed a physical examination, used the interview most of the time, and did not consult the protocol. Parents/companions received no information, and medical records showed incomplete records. Nurses classified 69.1% of the children as non-emergency. The most frequent outcome of the visits was discharge. Conclusions: the service showed weaknesses in the physical structure, in the risk classification process, and the outcomes, but it presents a good resolution in the assistance. We recommend a revision in the protocol used and sensitize nurses about the work process and communication with parents/companions.

RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar un servicio de evaluación y clasificación de riesgo pediátrico en los aspectos de estructura, proceso y resultado. Métodos: estudio transversal, descriptivo y exploratorio, en que datos cualitativos complementan los resultados. Datos recogidos por observación no participante, entrevista y consulta a prontuarios. Resultados: observados 204 atenciones. Servicio funciona en sala improvisada y sin privacidad. Enfermeros no usaron varios materiales/equipos disponibles a la evaluación, raramente realizaron examen físico, usaron la entrevista casi siempre y no consultaron el protocolo. Padres/acompañantes no recibieron información, y los prontuarios mostraron registros incompletos. Enfermeros clasificaron 69,1% de los niños como no urgencia. Desfecho de las atenciones más frecuente fue la alta. Conclusiones: servicio mostró fragilidades en la estructura física, en el proceso de clasificación de riesgo y resultados, pero presenta buena resolutiva en las atenciones. Recomienda la revisión del protocolo usado y sensibilización de los enfermeros cuanto al proceso de trabajo y comunicación con padres/acompañantes.

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar um serviço de avaliação e classificação de risco pediátrico nos aspectos de estrutura, processo e resultado. Métodos: estudo transversal, descritivo e exploratório, em que dados qualitativos complementam os resultados. Dados coletados por observação não participante, entrevista e consulta a prontuários. Resultados: foram observados 204 atendimentos. O serviço funciona em sala improvisada e sem privacidade. Os enfermeiros não usaram vários materiais/equipamentos disponíveis para a avaliação, raramente realizaram exame físico, usaram a entrevista quase sempre e não consultaram o protocolo. Pais/acompanhantes não receberam informação, e os prontuários mostraram registros incompletos. Os enfermeiros classificaram 69,1% das crianças como não urgência. O desfecho dos atendimentos mais frequente foi a alta. Conclusões: o serviço mostrou fragilidades na estrutura física, no processo de classificação de risco e nos resultados, mas apresenta boa resolutividade nos atendimentos. Recomenda-se a revisão do protocolo usado e sensibilização dos enfermeiros quanto ao processo de trabalho e comunicação com pais/acompanhantes.

Percepção de enfermeiros sobre notificação de incidentes para promoção da segurança do paciente hospitalizado / Nurses' perception of incident reporting to promote hospital patient safety / Percepción de las enfermeras sobre la notificación de incidentes para promover la seguridad del paciente hospitalario

Objetivo: Analisar a percepção de enfermeiros sobre incidentes notificados e sua relação com a segurança do paciente hospitalizado. Métodos: Estudo misto, de corte transversal realizado com 60 enfermeiros das unidades clínicas de um hospital público. A fonte de dados quantitativos foi dois anos de dados obtidos do sistema de notificação institucional e a parte qualitativa por meio de entrevistas com os enfermeiros. Realizada análise estatística descritiva e para a etapa qualitativa foi usado o software ATLAS TI, seguida de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Foram notificados 2495 incidentes, os principais relacionados a cirurgias (60,6%) e medicações (23,3%). Foram identificadas três categorias: "O saber do enfermeiro"; "O fazer do enfermeiro" e "Fatores intervenientes para notificação de incidentes". Conclusão: Evidenciou-se a necessidade de investir em programas de educação continuada no sentido de aumentar e qualificar as notificações, assim como, reflexões sobre os incidentes para melhoria de processos de trabalho visando mitigar os eventos adversos e promover uma cultura de segurança assistencial. (AU)

Objective: To analyze nurses' perceptions of reported incidents and their relationship with patient safety. Methods: Mixed, cross-sectional study carried out with 60 nurses from the clinical units of the public hospital. The source of quantitative data for two years, the institutional notification system and the qualitative part created through sources with nurses. Statistical analysis performed, for qualitative data the software ATLAS TI used followed by content analysis. Results: 2495 incidents reported, the main ones related to surgery (60.6%) and medications (23.3%). There were three categories: "The nurse's knowledge"; "The nurse's doing" and "Intervening factors for incident reporting". Conclusion: The need to invest in continuing education programs is evident in order to increase and qualify as notifications, as well as reflections on incidents to improve work processes to mitigate adverse events and promote a culture of care security. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de las enfermeras sobre los incidentes denunciados y su relación con la seguridad del paciente. Métodos: Estudio mixto, transversal, realizado con 60 enfermeras de las unidades clínicas del hospital público. La fuente de datos cuantitativos por dos años, el sistema de notificación institucional y la parte cualitativa se crearon a través de fuentes con enfermeras. Se realizó análisis estadístico, para datos cualitativos se utilizó el software ATLAS TI seguido del análisis de contenido. Resultados: Se reportaron 2495 incidentes, los principales relacionados con cirugía (60,6%) y medicamentos (23,3%). Había tres categorías: "El conocimiento de la enfermera"; "El hacer de la enfermera" y "Factores que intervienen en la notificación de incidentes". Conclusión: Se evidencia la necesidad de invertir en programas de educación continua con el fin de incrementar y calificar como notificaciones, así como reflexiones sobre incidentes para mejorar los procesos de trabajo para mitigar eventos adversos y promover una cultura de seguridad en el cuidado. (AU)

Envolvimento do paciente na segurança do cuidado hospitalar: percepção dos profissionais de saúde / Patient involvement in safe hospital care: perception of healthcare professionals / Participación del paciente en la segurança en la atención hospitalaria: percepción de los profesionales de la salud

Objetivo: Analisar a prática e importância atribuída ao envolvimento do paciente na segurança do cuidado durante internação hospitalar, na percepção dos profissionais de saúde. Método: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. Dados coletados em setembro de 2018, por meio de entrevista com 34 profissionais de saúde, em hospital público do Distrito Federal, Brasil. Análise norteada pela técnica de análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática, proposta por Bardin. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Emergiram três categorias temáticas: Desenvolvendo a autonomia do paciente e família para o cuidado seguro, Práticas facilitadoras para envolver o paciente e familiar no cuidado seguro e Envolvimento do paciente: desafios para a consolidação no cenário hospitalar. Considerações finais: A prática e importância atribuída ao envolvimento do paciente hospitalizado no cuidado, aos profissionais de saúde, convergem com a literatura existente, porém apresenta limitações considerando a segurança do paciente. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the practice and importance attributed to the involvement of the patient in the safety of care during hospitalization, in the perception of health professionals. Methods: Exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collected in September 2018, through an interview with 34 health professionals, in a public hospital in the Federal District, Brazil. Analysis guided by the technique of content analysis, thematic modality, proposed by Bardin. Study approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: Three thematic categories emerged: Developing patient and family autonomy for safe care, Facilitating practices to involve the patient and family in safe care and Patient involvement: challenges for consolidation in the hospital setting. Conclusion: The incorporation of patient involvement for the safety of care in the practice of professionals revealed challenges related to the training of health professionals, adequacy of human and material resources and health literacy. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar la práctica e importancia atribuida a la implicación del paciente en la seguridad del cuidado durante la hospitalización, en la percepción de los profesionales sanitarios. Métodos: Estudio exploratorio descriptivo con abordaje cualitativo. Datos recolectados en septiembre de 2018, a través de una entrevista a 34 profesionales de la salud, en un hospital público del Distrito Federal, Brasil. Análisis guiado por la técnica de análisis de contenido, modalidad temática, propuesta por Bardin. Estudio aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: Surgieron tres categorías temáticas: Desarrollar la autonomía del paciente y la familia para una atención segura, Facilitar prácticas para involucrar al paciente y su familia en la atención segura y Participación del paciente: desafíos para la consolidación en el ámbito hospitalario. Conclusión: La incorporación de la participación del paciente para la seguridad del cuidado en la práctica de los profesionales reveló desafíos relacionados con la formación de los profesionales de la salud, la adecuación de los recursos humanos y materiales y la alfabetización en salud. (AU)

Risk classification in a pediatric service: evaluation of the structure, process, and outcome.

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate a pediatric risk evaluation and classification service in the aspects of structure, process, and outcome. METHODS: a cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory study in which qualitative data complement the results. Data collection by non-participant observation, interview, and consultation of medical records. RESULTS: we observed two hundred and four visits. The service works in a makeshift room and without privacy. The nurses did not use various materials/equipment available for evaluation, rarely performed a physical examination, used the interview most of the time, and did not consult the protocol. Parents/companions received no information, and medical records showed incomplete records. Nurses classified 69.1% of the children as non-emergency. The most frequent outcome of the visits was discharge. CONCLUSIONS: the service showed weaknesses in the physical structure, in the risk classification process, and the outcomes, but it presents a good resolution in the assistance. We recommend a revision in the protocol used and sensitize nurses about the work process and communication with parents/companions.

Patient participation in care safety: Primary Health Care professionals' perception.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze health professionals' perception about the meaning and practice of patient involvement in care safety in Primary Health Care. METHODS: this is an exploratory, qualitative study, developed with 22 professionals in the Federal District, Brazil. A semi-structured interview was conducted between October and November/2018. Content analysis was carried out according to Bardin. RESULTS: nurses, physicians, dentists, among others, participated. The following categories emerged: Meaning of patient involvement in care safety; Factors intervening in patient involvement in care safety; Strategies for patient involvement in care safety; Qualification for patient involvement in care safety. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the meaning of patient involvement for care safety was associated with co-responsibility and patient-centered care. Professionals' practice revealed intervening factors and the use of involvement strategies. A gap was identified in training on patient involvement in care safety.

A multipurpose machine learning approach to predict COVID-19 negative prognosis in São Paulo, Brazil.

The new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a challenge for clinical decision-making and the effective allocation of healthcare resources. An accurate prognostic assessment is necessary to improve survival of patients, especially in developing countries. This study proposes to predict the risk of developing critical conditions in COVID-19 patients by training multipurpose algorithms. We followed a total of 1040 patients with a positive RT-PCR diagnosis for COVID-19 from a large hospital from São Paulo, Brazil, from March to June 2020, of which 288 (28%) presented a severe prognosis, i.e. Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, use of mechanical ventilation or death. We used routinely-collected laboratory, clinical and demographic data to train five machine learning algorithms (artificial neural networks, extra trees, random forests, catboost, and extreme gradient boosting). We used a random sample of 70% of patients to train the algorithms and 30% were left for performance assessment, simulating new unseen data. In order to assess if the algorithms could capture general severe prognostic patterns, each model was trained by combining two out of three outcomes to predict the other. All algorithms presented very high predictive performance (average AUROC of 0.92, sensitivity of 0.92, and specificity of 0.82). The three most important variables for the multipurpose algorithms were ratio of lymphocyte per C-reactive protein, C-reactive protein and Braden Scale. The results highlight the possibility that machine learning algorithms are able to predict unspecific negative COVID-19 outcomes from routinely-collected data.

Medidas de segurança durante a pandemia de infecções por Coronavírus / Security measures during the Coronavirus infection pandemic / Medidas de seguridad durante la pandemia de infecciones por Coronavirus

Objetivo: relatar a experiência, vivenciada por serviços de saúde, na análise de medidas de segurança durante a pandemia de infecções por Coronavírus. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, das vivências de profissionais da rede de atenção à saúde. Consistiu-se no levantamento de medidas protetivas para evitar a transmissão da COVID-19 no ambiente de prestação do cuidado com o uso da matriz SWOT para a organização de dados. Resultados: agruparam-se os resultados em categorias: Forças - boa qualificação da equipe, adaptação das medidas protetivas; Fraquezas - capacitação e comunicação entre profissionais aquém, desperdícios de insumos e contratos de trabalho precários; Oportunidades - protocolos elaborados, educação continuada sobre medidas de proteção; Ameaças - declaração de situação de calamidade pública, risco de déficit de insumos e de profissionais. Conclusão: conclui-se que o cenário de propagação do SARS-CoV-2 é complexo e desafiador, assim, é imprescindível empreender medidas de mitigação no enfrentamento da doença, respaldando a segurança do trabalhador e do paciente.(AU)

Objective: to report the experience, lived by health services, in the analysis of security measures during the Coronavirus infection pandemic. Method: it is a qualitative, descriptive, experiencestyle study of the experiences of professionals in the health care network. It consisted in the survey of protective measures to avoid the transmission of COVID-19 in the environment of care with the use of SWOT matrix for the organization of data. Results: the results were grouped into categories: Strengths - good team qualification, adaptation of protective measures; Weaknesses - training and communication among professionals lagging behind, waste of inputs and precarious labor contracts; Opportunities - protocols elaborated, continued education on protective measures; Threats - declaration of a situation of public calamity, risk of deficit of inputs and professionals. Conclusion: it is concluded that the scenario of spreading SARS-CoV-2 is complex and challenging, so it is essential to undertake mitigation measures to address the disease, supporting worker and patient safety.(AU)

Objetivo: reportar la experiencia vivida por los servicios de salud en el análisis de las medidas de seguridad durante la pandemia de infecciones por Coronavirus. Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, tipo de relato de experiencia, de las experiencias de los profesionales de la red asistencial. Consistió en plantear medidas de protección para prevenir la transmisión del COVID-19 en el ambiente de brindar cuidados con el uso de la matriz DAFO para la organización de datos. Resultados: los resultados se agruparon en categorías: Fortalezas - buena calificación del equipo, adaptación de las medidas de protección; Debilidades: formación y comunicación entre profesionales insuficientes, desperdicio de insumos y contratos laborales precarios; Oportunidades: protocolos elaborados, educación continua sobre medidas de protección; Amenazas - declaración de la situación de calamidad pública, riesgo de déficit de insumos y profesionales. Conclusión: se concluye que el escenario de propagación del SARS-CoV-2 es complejo y desafiante, por lo que es fundamental tomar medidas de mitigación en el afrontamiento de la enfermedad, apoyando la seguridad del trabajador y del paciente.(AU)

Caracterização dos partos e dos nascidos vivos em Palmeiras de Goiás, Goiás, Brasil / Characterization of birth and live birth in Palmeiras de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil

Objetivo: caracterizar partos e nascidos vivos a partir de dados retirados do Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos. Método: estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, com dados de nascimentos no ano de 2016, no município de Palmeiras de Goiás, Goiás, Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Resultados: foram incluídos 391 nascimentos ocorridos no ano de 2016. Maiores frequências ocorreram entre mães com idade entre 20 a 24 anos (27,1%), seguidas das mães de 25 a 29 anos (24,3%) e das mais jovens com idade entre 15 a 19 anos (21,0%), prevalecendo a duração da gestação de 37 a 41 semanas (86,4%), com gravidez única (97,4%), em parto tipo cesáreo (81,3%), recém-nascidos do sexo feminino (50,4%), com raça/cor parda (62,1%), peso ao nascer entre 3000g a 3999g (67,5%), sem presença de anomalia no nascimento (93,6%), e com Apgar 1º minuto e 5º entre 8 e 10, com 88,2% e 98,2%, respectivamente. Conclusão: os dados deste estudo podem subsidiar políticas públicas no município para garantir atenção integral e de qualidade no ciclo gravídico-puerperal e que repercutam na melhoria dos indicadores de saúde materno-infantil

Objective: to characterize births and live births from data collected from the Live Birth Information System. Method: descriptive study with a quantitative approach, with data on births in 2016, in the city of Palmeiras de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil. Data were obtained by the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). Results: 391 births occurred in 2016 were included. Higher frequencies occurred among mothers aged 20 to 24 years (27.1%), followed by mothers aged 25 to 29 years (24.3%) and the youngest with aged between 15 and 19 years (21.0%), with a prevalence of gestation of 37 to 41 weeks (86.4%), with a single pregnancy (97.4%), in a cesarean delivery (81.3%) , female newborns (50.4%), with mixed race/color (62.1%), birth weight between 3000g and 3999g (67.5%), no abnormality at birth (93.6 %), and with Apgar 1st and 5th minutes between 8 and 10, with 88.2% and 98.2%, respectively. Conclusion: the data from this study can support public policies in the city to ensure comprehensive and quality care in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle and that have an impact on the improvement of maternal and child health indicators