Effect of ohmic heating on the structure and properties of flexible multilayer packaging.

Food-packaging-processing interactions define packaging materials' performance properties and product quality. This study evaluated the effect of ohmic heating (OH) processing and different food simulants on the properties of four multilayer flexible packaging materials (PETmet/PE, PETmet/PP, PET/Al/PE, and PET/Al/PA/PP). OH treatment was applied to the sealed packages containing the food simulants using a voltage gradient of 3.7 V/cm at a frequency of 20 kHz, resulting in a thermal process of at 80 °C for 1 min. The structure and performance of the different packages were then evaluated. The materials did not show changes in chemical groups nor thermal properties. However, the simulant-packaging-processing interaction resulted in changes in crystallinity, morphology, mechanical and barrier properties (water and oxygen), especially for metallized films in contact with acidic food simulants. The results indicate that although OH resulted in changes in packaging materials, these materials can be used under the conditions applied in this study.

Food-Package-Processing relationships in emerging technologies: Ultrasound effects on polyamide multilayer packaging in contact with different food simulants.

In this study, the effect of ultrasound processing on the properties of two packages widely used in food products was evaluated: polyamide (PA) and polyethylene (PE) multilayer packaging. Packages composed of PE/PA/PE (Film A) and PE/PA/PE/PA/PE (Film B) were filled with aqueous and fatty food simulants and treated in an ultrasound water bath (frequency 25 kHz, volumetric power of 9.74 W/L, temperature of 25 °C, and time of 30 and 60 min). Materials were evaluated in term of structure and performance properties. Ultrasound did not or induced small changes in chemical groups, crystallinity, melting temperature, and tensile strength of the films. Film A showed a reduction in heat sealing tensile strength of 25% in the machine direction and 22% in the transverse direction. Film B showed a 20% increase of water vapor transmission rate after ultrasound processing. Although ultrasound had little impact on the properties of the evaluated materials, these modifications do not compromise the use of these packages for applications in ultrasound-processed foods. Therefore, the results indicate that ultrasound can be used as a food processing technology in multilayer PA and PE packaging.

Ascite quilosa: relato de um caso e revisão da literatura / Chylous ascites: report of one case and literature review

Paciente com 65 anos de idade, branco, não-cirrótico e sem evidências de doença renal crônica ou cardiovascular, deu entrada no Serviço de Gastroenterologia para investigação de ascite quilosa. Apreentava história de leucemia linfocítica crônica diagnosticada havia um ano e sete meses, em uso de clorambucil 2mg/dia. o líquido ascítico tinha aspecto leitoso, com elevada concentração de triglicerídeos ( 2.445mg/dia). A tomografia computadorizada (TC) do abdme mostrou diversas linfadenomegalias. Foi submetido à laparotomia e biópsia de linfonodo intra-abdominal, cujo estudo histopatológico foi conclusivo de linfoma não-hodgkin de pequenas células, con infiltração por leucemia linfocítica crônica. A radiografia e TC do tórax mostraram derrame pleural bilateral, o qual também apresentou caracteristicas bioquímicas de efusão quilosa. apresentou resposta parcial ao tratamento da ascite com o uso de diuréticos. Foi encaminhado ao Serviço de Oncologia do HUB para tratamento quimioterápico

Pericardite: tuberculosa como primeira manifestaçäo da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida / Tuberculous pericarditis as a first manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A sindrome da imunodeficiencia adquirida aumentou a incidência de formas extrapulmonares de tuberculose, sendo mais frequentes as que acometem o trato geniturinário, o sistema músculo-esquelético e os linfonodos. O envolvimento cardíaco tem sido pouco descrito no continente norte americano. Reportamos o caso de um paciente que teve como manifestaçäo inicial da Aids a pericardite tuberculosa com derrame e tamponamento cardíaco. O paciente näo apresentou outras intercorrências infecciosas durante a internaçäo e apresentava contagem de células CD4 de 48 Céls/mm cúbicos e carga viral de 130 mil cópias/ml.(au)