Land disposal of dredged sediments from an urbanized tropical lagoon: toxicity to soil fauna.

Urban tropical lagoons are commonly impacted by silting, domestic sewage and industrial wastes and the dredging of their sediments is often required to minimize environmental impacts. However, the ecological implications of land disposal of dredged sediments are still poorly investigated in the tropics. Aiming to contribute to filling this gap, an ecotoxicological evaluation was conducted with dredged sediments from Tijuca Lagoon (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) using different lines of evidence, including soil and sediment characterization, metal determination, and acute and avoidance bioassays with Eisenia andrei. Two different dredged sediment samples, a sandy sediment and another muddy one, were obtained in two distinct and spatially representative sectors of the Tijuca Lagoon. The sediments were mixed with an artificial soil, Ferralsol and Spodosol to obtain doses between 0 (pure soil) and 12%. The sediment dose that caused mortality (LC50) or avoidance responses (EC50) to 50% of the organisms was estimated through PriProbit analysis. Metal concentrations and toxicity levels were higher in the muddy sediment (artificial soil LC50 = 3.84%; Ferralsol LC50 = 4.58%; Spodosol LC50 = 2.85%) compared to the sandy one (artificial soil LC50 = 10.94%; Ferralsol LC50 = 14.36%; Spodosol LC50 = 10.38%), since fine grains tend to adsorb more organic matter and contaminants. Mortality and avoidance responses were the highest in Spodosol due to its extremely sandy texture (98% of sand). Metal concentrations in surviving earthworms were generally low, except sodium whose bioaccumulation was high. Finally, the toxicity is probably linked to marine salts, and the earthworms seem to accumulate water in excess to maintain osmotic equilibrium, increasing their biomass.

CAN NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO (NLR) AND PLATELET-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO (PLR) BE PROGNOSTIC INDICATORS FOR OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS AND SURVIVAL IN BONE METASTASES? / NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO (NLR) E PLATELET-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO (PLR) PODEM SER INDICADORES DE PROGNÓSTICO PARA COMPLICAÇÕES OPERATÓRIAS E SOBREVIDA EM METÁSTASES ÓSSEAS?

Introduction: In general, inflammation stimulates the production and release of neutrophils and, at the same time, decreases the production of lymphocytes. Lymphopenia reflects that cell-mediated immunity is impaired, while neutrophilia represents a response to systemic inflammation in these cancers. Objective: To review the incidence of complications and postoperative survival rates in patients with bone metastases in long bones, correlating them with markers NLR and PLR. Method: Narrative review carried out collecting information published on virtual platforms in Portuguese and English, initially carried out by searching for descriptors related to the topic, which were: "lower extremity, surgery, metastasis, epidemiology, postoperative complications, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets". The extension incorporated AND or OR, by title and/or summary, and full reading of the texts most related to the topic. Result: 21 articles were included. Conclusion: The higher both the NLR and PLR are associated with lower survival in patients with bone metastases when undergoing surgical treatment, especially after 3 months postoperatively. However, there is still no confirmation that they signal any outcome, favorable or not, in relation to postoperative complications.

Introdução : De um modo geral, a inflamação estimula a produção e liberação de neutrófilos e, ao mesmo tempo, diminui a produção de linfócitos. A linfopenia reflete que a imunidade mediada pelas células é prejudicada, enquanto a neutrofilia representa resposta à inflamação sistêmica nesses cânceres. Objetivo : Revisar nos pacientes com metástase óssea em ossos ao longo da incidência de complicações e taxas de sobrevida pós-operatória correlacionando-as com os marcadores NLR e PLR. Método : Revisão narrativa feita colhendo informações publicadas em plataformas virtuais em português e inglês inicialmente realizada por busca dos descritores relacionados ao tema que foram: "extremidade inferior, cirurgia, metástase, epidemiologia, complicações pós-operatórias, neutrófilos, linfócitos, plaquetas" e seus equivalentes em inglês " extremidade inferior, cirurgia, metástase, epidemiologia, sobrevivência, complicações, neutrófilos, linfócitos, plaquetas sanguíneas ". A extensão incorporou AND ou OR, pelo título e/ou resumo, e leitura na íntegra dos textos mais relacionados ao tema.  Resultado : Foram incluídos 21 artigos. Conclusão : Quanto maiores, tanto o NLR quanto o PLR estão associados à menor sobrevida em pacientes com MO quando submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico, especialmente após 3 meses de pós-operatório. Contudo, ainda não há confirmação de que eles sinalizam algum estágio, positivo ou não, em relação às complicações pós-operatórias.

Ecological risk assessment of metal and hydrocarbon pollution in sediments from an urban tropical estuary: Tijuca lagoon (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).

Urban tropical lagoons are often impacted by eutrophication, metal, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination, but the toxicity of their bottom sediments is still poorly investigated in South America. Aiming to contribute to filling this gap, a sediment quality assessment was conducted in the Tijuca Lagoon (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) using different lines of evidence (LOEs) including sediment characterization, determination of metals and PAHs, and acute toxicity testing with burrowing amphipods (Tiburonella viscana). Mud and organic matter contents played a crucial role in contaminant distribution along the lagoon. The concentrations of PAH were generally low (mean ΣPAH = 795.42 ± 1146.2 ng/g; n = 23), but a contamination hotspot of light PAH compounds was identified. Such PAHs were mainly pyrolytic, probably related to the deposition of atmospheric pollution, although petrogenic compounds also occur in the lagoon. The data indicated the occurrence of geochemical anomalies of Zn, Cu, Pb, and Hg (mean values = 176.9 ± 91.6, 45.1 ± 21.3, 35.2 ± 15.0, 0.1442 ± 0.0893 mg/kg, respectively; n = 23), probably associated with industrial wastes, garbage deposition, urban runoff, and domestic sewage contributions. The mortality of T. viscana was significant for more than 85% of the samples (mean mortality = 70.3 ± 26.0%; n = 23), but it was not significantly correlated with PAH and metal concentrations. On the other side, domestic sewage contributions and eutrophication seem to play a relevant role in sediment toxicity. Actually, the toxicity observed in the tests seems to be due to the simultaneous influence of multiple toxicants and their combined effects on the organisms. Such stressors may include not only metals, PAH, and eutrophication but also chemicals not evaluated in this study, such as hormones, pharmaceuticals and personal care compounds, perfluorocompounds, detergents, and others.

Political polarization on Twitter during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study in Brazil.

The debate over the COVID-19 pandemic is constantly trending at online conversations since its beginning in 2019. The discussions in many social media platforms is related not only to health aspects of the disease, but also public policies and non-pharmacological measures to mitigate the spreading of the virus and propose alternative treatments. Divergent opinions regarding these measures are leading to heated discussions and polarization. Particularly in highly politically polarized countries, users tend to be divided in those in-favor or against government policies. In this work we present a computational method to analyze Twitter data and: (i) identify users with a high probability of being bots using only COVID-19 related messages; (ii) quantify the political polarization of the Brazilian general public in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; (iii) analyze how bots tweet and affect political polarization. We collected over 100 million tweets from 26 April 2020 to 3 January 2021, and observed in general a highly polarized population (with polarization index varying from 0.57 to 0.86), which focuses on very different topics of discussions over the most polarized weeks-but all related to government and health-related events.

Percutaneous treatments of primary aneurysmal bone cysts: systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: To systematically review the literature to determine recurrence rates of percutaneous treatments for primary aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC). METHODS: Search strategies were performed in the following databases: PubMed, SCIELO, LILACS and BVS, using terms in English, Spanish and Portuguese (PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42020170340). Longitudinal studies, either observational or clinical trials, with at least five patients and with a mean of 18 months of follow-up were included. Studies had to use any type of percutaneous treatments and report the recurrence rates of primary ABC treatment. Studies selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by two researchers. A global meta-analysis was carried out to assess the proportion of recurrence. Studies were categorized into two subgroups: selective arterial embolization and sclerotherapy. RESULTS: Thirteen studies were included in the present study. The average success rate of percutaneous treatments for ABC was 91.11%, with a total of 37 lesions recurrences in the 416 patients. The sex ratio was 1:1. The subgroup of sclerotherapies presented a lower proportion of recurrence. The proportion of recurrence in the subgroup of selective arterial embolization was 19% (95%IC 12.11-27.54) and that of sclerotherapies was 6% (95%IC 3.65-9.19). CONCLUSIONS: Both percutaneous treatments for ABC are effective, showing a lower rate of recurrence. Sclerotherapy treatments seem to be promising, but further clinical trials must be conducted with a longer follow-up.

As vivências do desemprego entre trabalhadores no interior do Rio Grande do Norte / The experiences of unemployment among workers in Rio Grande do Norte's countryside

O desemprego tem se tornado foco constante de estudos desenvolvidos pela psicologia, mas o contexto interiorano é pouco explorado. Objetivou-se analisar a vivência do desemprego entre trabalhadores em um município interiorano, considerando os significados atribuídos ao trabalho e desemprego, crenças, sentimentos e estratégias de enfrentamento. Foram realizadas entrevistadas semiestruturadas com sete mulheres e três homens, com idade entre 20 e 55 anos e tempo de desemprego entre um mês e 20 anos. Foi possível identificar que a crença do desemprego pode ser atribuída às causalidades externas e o trabalho significado como sobrevivência. Os afetos são ambíguos e as principais estratégias de sobrevivência são a realização de trabalhos informais e dependência do auxílio financeiro da família. Para superar o desemprego, os entrevistados distribuem currículos e realizam capacitação. Conclui-se que há semelhanças entre aspectos das vivências do desemprego interioranos, identificados neste estudo, e outros que focalizaram trabalhadores em grandes centros, se diferenciando no pouco recurso às políticas públicas e aos círculos sociais como forma de superar o desemprego.

The unemployment has been an ongoing focus of recent studies in the field of psychology, but the context of countryside regions is less explored. This article aims to analyze the unemployment experience of workers in a countryside city, taking into consideration how work and unemployment are signified, beliefs, feelings, and coping strategies adopted. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven women and three men, between 20 and 55 years of age, with unemployment time ranging between one month and 20 years. It was possible to identify the belief that unemployment can be attributed to external causes, and work signified as survival. Feelings towards them are ambiguous, and the main survival strategies are resorting to informal work and relying upon financial aid from the family. In order to overcome unemployment, respondents send out curriculum and invest in professional qualification. It is possible to conclude that there are similarities between some of the aspects around unemployment experiences in the countryside identified in this study, and others that focus on workers in large urban centers, with the difference of lower investments in public policies and social circles as a way to overcome unemployment.

Physiological quality of bean seeds after application of desiccant herbicides / Qualidade fisiológica de sementes de feijão após aplicação de herbicidas dessecantes

ABSTRACT: The application of desiccant herbicides in the bean crop is fundamental in the production of quality seeds, since it anticipates the harvesting season, which makes it possible to obtain seeds in the period of physiological maturation, when they are reported with maximum accumulation of dry matter, high vigor levels and germination percentage. However, there is little information about the ideal application time of these products to obtain beans of high physiological quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of bean seeds after application of desiccant herbicides at different times in preharvest. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in a 2x3+1 factorial scheme, with four replications. Desiccant herbicides paraquat (400g ha-1) and paraquat + diuron (200 + 400g ha-1) were applied in three phenological stages (R8, R8/R9 and R9), plus one control (without herbicide application). Yield (Kg ha-1), mass of one thousand seeds (g), germination (%) and seed vigor were evaluated through tests of accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and primary root length. Application of paraquat molecule at the R8 stage and the paraquat + diuron mixture at the R8/R9 stage reduced the viability and vigor of the bean seeds, and compromised yield. Applications of the paraquat herbicide at the R8/R9 and R9 stages or of the mixture (paraquat + diuron) at the R9 stage preserved the physiological quality of the seeds without;however, affecting yield.

RESUMO: A aplicação de herbicidas dessecantes na cultura do feijoeiro é fundamental na produção de sementes de qualidade porque antecipa a época de colheita, o que possibilita a obtenção de sementes no período de maturação fisiológica, quando se encontram com máximo acúmulo de matéria seca, elevados níveis de vigor e alta porcentagem de germinação. Todavia, são escassas as informações acerca da época ideal de aplicação desses produtos na obtenção de sementes de feijão de alta qualidade fisiológica. Por essa razão, objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de feijão após aplicações de herbicidas dessecantes em diferentes épocas na pré-colheita. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados dispostos em esquema fatorial 2x3+1, com quatro repetições. A aplicação dos herbicidas dessecantes paraquat (400g ha-1) e paraquat + diuron (200+400g ha-1) foi realizada em três estádios fenológicos (R8, R8/R9 e R9), mais uma testemunha (sem aplicação do herbicida). Avaliou-se a produtividade (Kg ha-1), a massa de mil sementes (g), a germinação (%) e o vigor das sementes por meio dos testes de envelhecimento acelerado, condutividade elétrica e comprimento da raiz primária. A aplicação da molécula de paraquat no estádio R8 e da mistura paraquat + diuron no estágio R8/R9 reduziu a viabilidade e o vigor das sementes de feijão, além disso comprometeu a produtividade. Aplicações dos herbicidas paraquat nos estádios R8/R9 e R9 ou da mistura (paraquat + diuron) no estádio R9 preservaram a qualidade fisiológica das sementes, sem, entretanto, afetar a produtividade.

Spatial variability and seasonal toxicity of dredged sediments from Guanabara Bay (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil): acute effects on earthworms.

The toxicity of dredged sediments from Guanabara Bay (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) was evaluated using acute bioassays with Eisenia andrei and metal determination. The sediments were collected in August 2014 (winter) and February 2015 (summer) and in five areas distributed along the Bay: Port of Rio de Janeiro, Port of Niterói, Meriti River mouth, Iguaçu River mouth, and the Environmental Protection Area (APA) of Guapimirim. The sediments were mixed with a ferralsol (a representative Brazilian tropical soil) in proportions varying between 0 (pure soil) and 30%. The acute bioassays with E. andrei followed a standard protocol (ISO 11268-2:2012). Total metal determination in the sediments was performed by ICP-OES. The medium lethal earthworm concentration (LC50) was estimated through PriProbit analysis. The sediments from the APA of Guapimirim, which is a control area at the Guanabara Bay, were the only ones whose total metal concentrations were in agreement with the limits established by Brazilian law for land disposal of dredged sediments. However, the sediments collected in the APA of Guapimirim were the most toxic ones among the study areas due to very high contents of salts in these materials. Winter sediments were generally more toxic compared to the summer ones due to the increase of metal concentrations and salt precipitation to bottom sediments during the winter. The exceptions were (i) the sediments from APA of Guapimirim, where the toxicity in the summer (LC50 = 3.99%) and winter (LC50 = 4.60%) were relatively similar to each other, since the toxicity is linked to salt in excess; and (ii) the Iguaçu River mouth, where the presence of mangrove areas might be associated with the filtering of pollution sources (winter LC50 = 12.67%; summer LC50 = 11.58%). In the Port of Rio de Janeiro, LC50 obtained in the winter (7.30%) was almost three times lower than that found in the summer (19.64%). The sediments from Meriti River mouth showed the highest total metal concentrations, were the most toxic sediments among the study areas (excluding the APA of Guapimirim), and its winter LC50 (6.64%) was almost twice lower than that obtained in the summer (12.55%). By following the same tendency, summer LC50 (17.52%) found for the sediment collected in the Port of Niterói was also higher than the value found in the winter (12.34%). Finally, the dredged sediments from Guanabara Bay were toxic to earthworms in mixtures with pure ferralsol and winter samples were generally more toxic than the summer ones, in agreement with the increase of metal and salt concentrations during the winter.

Radiological evaluation of the femoral tunnel positioning in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction / Avaliação radiológica do posicionamento do túnel femoral na reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the inclination and the length of the femoral tunnel in patients submitted to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL) surgery by transtibial and anatomical techniques. Methods: This is an analytical observational study in patients with ACL injury that underwent arthroscopic reconstruction through transtibial and anatomical surgical techniques. In the immediate postoperative period, computed tomography (CT) and anteroposterior (AP) view digital radiographs (X-rays) were performed to evaluate the inclination and length of the femoral tunnel. Results: Forty-two patients were analyzed: 27 underwent anatomical reconstruction and 15, transtibial reconstruction. The inclination angle and tunnel length by the transtibial technique are always greater than by the anatomical technique. The mean inclination angles were 59.75º (53.9-66.1º) in the X-rays and 54.17º (43.5-62.3º) in CT for the transtibial technique, and 42.91º (29.3-57.4º) in the X-rays and 39.10º (23.8-50.6º) in CT for the anatomical technique. Regarding the length of the femoral tunnel, the transtibial technique promotes longer tunnels: mean 55.7 mm (40.0-70.2 mm) in the transtibial and 35.5 mm (24.5-47 mm) in the anatomical technique. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the length and the inclination of the tunnel, regardless of the technique used. Thus, these variables can be considered as independent. Conclusion: The anatomical reconstruction technique presented shorter femoral tunnels and lower angle of inclination than the transtibial technique. The CT showed smaller inclination angle than the X-rays, regardless of the surgical technique.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a inclinação e o comprimento dos túneis femorais em pacientes submetidos a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) pelas técnicas transtibial e anatômica. Métodos: Estudo observacional analítico em pacientes com lesão do LCA submetidos à reconstrução artroscópica pelas técnicas cirúrgicas transtibial e anatômica. No pós-operatório imediato foram feitos os exames de tomografia computadorizada (TC) e radiografia digital simples (RX) na incidência anteroposterior para avaliação da inclinação e do comprimento do túnel femoral. Resultados: Dos 42 pacientes analisados, 27 foram submetidos à reconstrução anatômica e 15 à reconstrução pela técnica transtibial. O ângulo de inclinação e o comprimento do túnel na técnica transtibial são sempre maiores do que na reconstrução anatômica. Os ângulos de inclinação na técnica transtibial foram 59,75º (53,9º-66,1º) no RX e 54,17º (43,5º-62,3º) na TC; na técnica anatômica, 42,91º (29,3-57,4º) no RX e 39,10º (23,8-50,6º) na TC. Em relação ao comprimento do túnel femoral, a técnica transtibial gera túneis mais longos. Em média 55,7 mm (40-70,2 mm) na técnica transtibial e 35,5 mm (24,5-47 mm) na anatômica. Não encontramos correlação estatisticamente significativa nos valores do comprimento versus inclinação do túnel, independentemente da técnica usada. Portanto, são variáveis independentes. Conclusão: A técnica de reconstrução anatômica apresentou túneis femorais mais curtos e com ângulo de inclinação menor do que a técnica transtibial. A TC apresentou valores de inclinação do túnel menores do que o RX, independentemente da técnica cirúrgica.

Radiological evaluation of the femoral tunnel positioning in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the inclination and the length of the femoral tunnel in patients submitted to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL) surgery by transtibial and anatomical techniques. METHODS: This is an analytical observational study in patients with ACL injury that underwent arthroscopic reconstruction through transtibial and anatomical surgical techniques. In the immediate postoperative period, computed tomography (CT) and anteroposterior (AP) view digital radiographs (X-rays) were performed to evaluate the inclination and length of the femoral tunnel. RESULTS: Forty-two patients were analyzed: 27 underwent anatomical reconstruction and 15, transtibial reconstruction. The inclination angle and tunnel length by the transtibial technique are always greater than by the anatomical technique. The mean inclination angles were 59.75° (53.9-66.1°) in the X-rays and 54.17° (43.5-62.3°) in CT for the transtibial technique, and 42.91° (29.3-57.4°) in the X-rays and 39.10° (23.8-50.6°) in CT for the anatomical technique. Regarding the length of the femoral tunnel, the transtibial technique promotes longer tunnels: mean 55.7 mm (40.0-70.2 mm) in the transtibial and 35.5 mm (24.5-47 mm) in the anatomical technique. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the length and the inclination of the tunnel, regardless of the technique used. Thus, these variables can be considered as independent. CONCLUSION: The anatomical reconstruction technique presented shorter femoral tunnels and lower angle of inclination than the transtibial technique. The CT showed smaller inclination angle than the X-rays, regardless of the surgical technique.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a inclinação e o comprimento dos túneis femorais em pacientes submetidos a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) pelas técnicas transtibial e anatômica. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional analítico em pacientes com lesão do LCA submetidos à reconstrução artroscópica pelas técnicas cirúrgicas transtibial e anatômica. No pós-operatório imediato foram feitos os exames de tomografia computadorizada (TC) e radiografia digital simples (RX) na incidência anteroposterior para avaliação da inclinação e do comprimento do túnel femoral. RESULTADOS: Dos 42 pacientes analisados, 27 foram submetidos à reconstrução anatômica e 15 à reconstrução pela técnica transtibial. O ângulo de inclinação e o comprimento do túnel na técnica transtibial são sempre maiores do que na reconstrução anatômica. Os ângulos de inclinação na técnica transtibial foram 59,75° (53,9°-66,1°) no RX e 54,17° (43,5°-62,3°) na TC; na técnica anatômica, 42,91° (29,3-57,4°) no RX e 39,10° (23,8-50,6°) na TC. Em relação ao comprimento do túnel femoral, a técnica transtibial gera túneis mais longos. Em média 55,7 mm (40-70,2 mm) na técnica transtibial e 35,5 mm (24,5-47 mm) na anatômica. Não encontramos correlação estatisticamente significativa nos valores do comprimento versus inclinação do túnel, independentemente da técnica usada. Portanto, são variáveis independentes. CONCLUSÃO: A técnica de reconstrução anatômica apresentou túneis femorais mais curtos e com ângulo de inclinação menor do que a técnica transtibial. A TC apresentou valores de inclinação do túnel menores do que o RX, independentemente da técnica cirúrgica.

Avaliação da gestão dos resíduos em unidades básicas de saúde de um município sul-brasileiro / Assessment of the waste management in basic health units from a south brazilian city / Evaluación de la gestión de residuos en unidades básicas de salud de una ciudad del sur de Brasil

Objective: This study has aimed to analyze the waste management from health care services and the nursing professionals' background about the current legislation. Methods: It is a descriptive-exploratory research with a quantitative approach, which has been developed in three Basic Health Units from Pelotas city, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The participating nursing professionals were from the Family Health Strategy. It has been applied a structured questionnaire in order to identify the management of Health Solid Waste and the units' structure, from October to November 2014. Descriptive analyzes have been done. Results: Regarding the 19 professionals, 57.8% reported not knowing the legislation about waste management; 89.5% reported carrying out the segregation of these materials, but 73.7% said they did not know the classification of these residues and 36.8% were unaware of specific care toward it. The units did not have a waste management formal plan. Conclusion: Overall, the units have significant weaknesses in the management process, both in the physical structure as well as in the professionals' knowledge

Objetivo: Analisar a gestão dos resíduos de serviços de saúde e, o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem acerca da legislação vigente. Método: pesquisa quantitativa, de caráter descritivo-exploratório, desenvolvida em três Unidades Básicas de Saúde de área urbana, de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Participaram profissionais da equipe de enfermagem de Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Foi aplicado questionário para identificar a gestão de Resíduos Sólidos de Saúde e estrutura das unidades, entre outubro a novembro de 2014. Foram realizadas análises descritivas. Resultados: dos 19 profissionais, 57,8% relataram não conhecer a legislação sobre Resíduos Sólidos de Saúde; 89,5% realizar a segregação desses materiais, porém 73,7% afirmaram não conhecer sua classificação e 36,8% desconheciam os cuidados específicos para cada tipo de resíduo. Observou-se ausência de plano de gestão. Conclusão: as unidades apresentam importantes fragilidades no processo de gerenciamento dos Resíduos Sólidos de Saúde

Objetivo: Analizar la gerencia de los residuos de salud y el conocimiento de los profesionales de enfermería sobre la legislación vigente. Método: investigación cuantitativa, de carácter descriptivo-exploratorio, desarrollada en tres Unidades Básicas de Salud del área urbana, de Pelotas, Rio Grande del Sur. Participaron profesionales del staff de enfermería de Estrategia de Salud de la Familia. Fue aplicado cuestionario para identificar la gerencia de Residuos Sólidos de Salud y estructura de las unidades, entre octubre y noviembre de 2014. Fueron realizados análisis descriptivos. Resultados: de los 19 profesionales, 57,8% relataron no conocer la legislación sobre Residuos Sólidos de Salud; 89,5% realizar la segregación de los materiales, pero 73,7% afirmaron no conocer su clasificación y 36,8% desconocían los cuidados específicos para cada tipo de residuo. Conclusión: las unidades presentan importante fragilidad en el proceso de gestión de los Residuos Sólidos de Salud

Avulsion fracture of the iliac crest in a child / Fratura avulsão da crista ilíaca em criança

Avulsion fractures of the apophysis of the iliac crest have rare incidence and are little known. In this article, we report the case of an 11-year-old female patient who presented this injury after indirect trauma. From careful radiographic analysis, an avulsion fracture of the iliac crest was identified. It was decided to use nonsurgical treatment comprising analgesia and load restriction. This case report emphasizes the importance of suspecting avulsion fractures in cases of low-energy trauma, and also guides the treatment, so as to prevent functional deficit and deformities...

A fratura avulsão da apófise da crista ilíaca apresenta incidência rara e pouco conhecida. Neste artigo relatamos caso de paciente do sexo feminino, de 11 anos, que apresentou essa lesão após trauma indireto. Após uma análise cuidadosa da radiografia, foi identificada fratura avulsão da crista ilíaca e optou-se pelo tratamento não cirúrgico com analgesia e restrição de carga. O relato do caso salienta a importância da suspeição da fratura avulsão em traumas de baixa energia, além de orientar o tratamento e prevenir déficit funcional e deformidades...

Avulsion fracture of the iliac crest in a child.

Avulsion fractures of the apophysis of the iliac crest have rare incidence and are little known. In this article, we report the case of an 11-year-old female patient who presented this injury after indirect trauma. From careful radiographic analysis, an avulsion fracture of the iliac crest was identified. It was decided to use nonsurgical treatment comprising analgesia and load restriction. This case report emphasizes the importance of suspecting avulsion fractures in cases of low-energy trauma, and also guides the treatment, so as to prevent functional deficit and deformities.

A fratura avulsão da apófise da crista ilíaca apresenta incidência rara e pouco conhecida. Neste artigo relatamos caso de paciente do sexo feminino, de 11 anos, que apresentou essa lesão após trauma indireto. Após uma análise cuidadosa da radiografia, foi identificada fratura avulsão da crista ilíaca e optou-se pelo tratamento não cirúrgico com analgesia e restrição de carga. O relato do caso salienta a importância da suspeição da fratura avulsão em traumas de baixa energia, além de orientar o tratamento e prevenir déficit funcional e deformidades.

Doses de potássio em cobertura na primeira soca da cultura da cana-de-açúcar cultivada no norte matogrossense / Doses of potassium in coverage in the first cane ratoon of sugar cane crop cultivated in north matogrossense

A cultura da cana-de-açúcar vem sendo cultivada em todas as regiões do país, ocupando diferentes tipos de solos. A região norte Matogrossense possui condições climáticas muito propícias para a cultura, porém tem-se alcançado baixas produtividades em função da não aplicação de fertilizantes ou de doses ineficientes. Sendo o potássio o elemento mineral absorvido em maiores quantidades pela cultura, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito de doses crescentes do nutriente aplicadas em cobertura no segundo ciclo da variedade de cana-de-açúcar IAC86-2480. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. As doses de potássio foram: 0; 60; 120; 180 e 240 kg ha-1 de K2O. Avaliou-se o ºBrix, diâmetro, massa, altura e produtividade de colmos. Não houve efeito significativo para a variável ºBrix em resposta às doses de potássio, já as demais, apresentaram resposta quadrática. A dose de máxima eficiência agronômica foi de 150 kg ha-1 de K2O obtendo produtividade de 85 t ha-1 de colmos, representando 25% de acréscimo de produtividade.

The sugar cane crop has been cultivated in all regions of the Brazil, occupying different soil types. The north region of Mato Grosso has favorable climate conditions for the culture, however, has been achieved low productivity due to the not application of fertilizer and inefficient doses. Being the potassium the mineral element absorbed in large amount by culture. Aimed to with this work to evaluate the effect of growing doses of the nutrient applied in coverage in the second cycle of the variety of sugar cane IAC86-2480. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with four replications. The Potassium doses were: 0; 60; 120; 180 e 240 kg ha-1 of K2O. Was evaluated the oBrix, diameter, weigth, height and productivity of stalk. No was significant effects for the variable oBrix in response to potassium doses, since to others had response quadratic. The dose of maximum agronomic efficiency was of 150 kg ha-1 de K2O obtaining productivity of 85 t ha-1 of stalk, representing 25% increase in productivity.