RESUMO
Phytoextraction of Nickel (II) in water by two types of aquatic macrophytes (Lemna minor and Eichhornia crassipes) was investigated using synthetic aqueous solutions of NiSO4 at concentrations of 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 mg/L. The toxic effects of nickel salt in plants were evaluated through the presence of necrosis and chlorosis. The bioconcentration factor, Nickel (II) removal efficiency and kinetics of removal were also calculated. Results of this study show bioconcentration factors higher than 1000, which categorize L. minor and E. crassipes as hyperaccumulators. Besides, L. minor presented a removal percentage higher than 68%, compared to E. crassipes that did not exceed 50% in any of the three concentrations studied. However, E. crassipes showed better resistance to the effects of nickel and obtained a greater removal capacity during the phytoremediation process that lasted for 10 days. In contrast, L. minor suffered necrosis and chlorosis in a concentration-dependent way. Consequently, both macrophytes are sustainable alternatives for nickel removal from contaminated water.
Assuntos
Anemia Hipocrômica , Araceae , Eichhornia , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Biodegradação Ambiental , Níquel , Água , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Monitoramento AmbientalRESUMO
La genisteína es una isoflavona presente en la soya, de alto consumo en la población infantil por su uso como sucedáneo de la leche materna, sin embargo, poco se conoce acerca de los efectos a nivel endocrino. En este trabajo, Caenorhabditis elegans se utilizó como modelo para evaluar el efecto de disrupción endocrina de la genisteína a través de letalidad, crecimiento, reproducción, almacenamiento de lípidos y cambios en la expresión de genes de respuesta al estrés (hsp-3, sod-4 y gpx-4). Los resultados indicaron que, aunque la genisteína no indujo letalidad, sí promovió la reproducción, el aumento de la longitud del cuerpo, el incremento en la expresión de genes relacionados con estrés celular y estrés oxidativo y la acumulación lipídica. En conclusión, la genisteína generó efectos relacionados con el efecto de disrupción endocrina en C. elegans, muy probablemente a través de mecanismos de estrés oxidativo.
Genistein is an isoflavone present in soy, which children highly consume as a substitute for breast milk; however, little is known about its effects at the endocrine level. This paper used Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to evaluate the endocrine disrupting effect of genistein through lethality, growth, reproduction, lipid storage, and changes in the expression of stress response genes (hsp-3, sod- 4, and gpx-4). The results indicated that, although genistein did not induce lethality, it did promote reproduction and increased body length, expression of genes related to cellular stress and oxidative stress, and lipid accumulation. In conclusion, genistein produced effects related to endocrine disruption on C. elegans, most likely through oxidative stress mechanisms.
RESUMO
La genisteína es una isoflavona presente en la soya, de alto consumo en la población infantil por su uso como sucedáneo de la leche materna, sin embargo, poco se sabe acerca de los efectos a nivel endocrino. En este trabajo, Caenorhabditis elegans se utilizó como modelo para evaluar el efecto de disrupción endocrina de la genisteína a través de letalidad, crecimiento, reproducción, almacenamiento de lípidos y cambios en la expresión de genes de respuesta al estrés (hsp-3, sod-4 y gpx-4). Los resultados indicaron que, aunque la genisteína no indujo letalidad, sí promovió la reproducción, el aumento de la longitud del cuerpo, el incremento en la expresión de genes relacionados con estrés celular y estrés oxidativo y la acumulación lipídica. En conclusión, la genisteína generó efectos relacionados con el efecto de disrupción endocrina en C. elegans, muy probablemente a través de mecanismos de estrés oxidativo.
Genistein is an isoflavone present in soybean, of high consumption in the infant population due to its use as a breast milk substitute; however, little is known about its effects at the endocrine level. In this work, Caenorhabditis elegans was used as a model to evaluate the endocrine disrupting effect of genistein through lethality, growth, reproduction, lipid storage and changes in the expression of stress response genes (hsp-3, sod-4 and gpx-4). The results indicated that, although genistein did not induce lethality, it did promote reproduction, increased body length, increased expression of genes related to cellular stress and oxidative stress, and lipid accumulation. In conclusion, genistein generated effects related to endocrine disruption effect in C. elegans, most likely through oxidative stress mechanisms.
A genisteína é uma isoflavona encontrada na soja, que é amplamente consumida por crianças devido à sua utilização como substituto do leite materno, mas pouco se sabe sobre os seus efeitos endócrinos. Neste trabalho, Caenorhabditis elegans foi utilizado como modelo para avaliar o efeito desregulador endócrino da genisteína através da letalidade, crescimento, reprodução, armazenamento de lípidos e alterações na expressão de genes de resposta ao stress (hsp-3, sod-4 e gpx-4). Os resultados indicaram que, embora a genisteína não tenha induzido a letalidade, promoveu a reprodução, o aumento do comprimento do corpo, o aumento da expressão de genes relacionados com o stress celular e o stress oxidativo e a acumulação de lípidos. Em conclusão, a genisteína gerou efeitos relacionados com a desregulação endócrina em C. elegans, muito provavelmente através de mecanismos de stress oxidativo.
Assuntos
Humanos , GenisteínaRESUMO
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous plasticizer which is absorbed by ingestion and dermal contact; propyl paraben (PPB) inhibits the microbiome and extends the shelf life of many personal care products, whereas triclosan (TCS) is commonly found in antiseptics, disinfectants, or additives. In this work, Caenorhabditis elegans was used as a biological model to assess the toxic effects of BPA, PPB, and TCS. The wild type strain, Bristol N2, was used in bioassays with the endpoints of lethality, growth, and reproduction; green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic strains with the hsp-3, hsp-4, hsp-16.2, hsp-70, sod-1, sod-4, cyp-35A4, cyp-29A2, and skn-1 genes were evaluated for their mRNA expression through fluorescence measurement; and quick Oil Red O (q ORO) was utilized to stain lipid deposits. Lethality was concentration-dependent, while TCS and PPB showed more toxicity than BPA. BPA augmented worm length, while PPB reduced it. All toxicants moderately increased the width and the width-length ratio. BPA and PPB promoted reproduction, in contrast to TCS, which diminished it. All toxicants affected the mRNA expression of genes related to cellular stress, control of reactive oxygen species, and nuclear receptor activation. Lipid accumulation occurred in exposed worms. In conclusion, BPA, PPB, and TCS alter the physiology of growth, lipid accumulation, and reproduction in C. elegans, most likely through oxidative stress mechanisms.
