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1.
Cir. pediátr ; 28(3): 111-117, jul. 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-152310

RESUMO

Objetivos. Durante el año 2014 se aplica el Plan de Seguridad del Paciente en un Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, elaborado previamente por nuestro Servicio. Se describen los resultados. Material y métodos. El método empleado para la medición de eventos adversos (EAs) es una modificación del Global Trigger Tool del Institute for Health care Improvement. Población analizada: pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente con hospitalización. Con una periodicidad mensual, se realizaron 12 auditorias de las historias clínicas correspondientes a los pacientes dados de alta en la semana anterior al día de la evaluación. El equipo evaluador estaba compuesto por: un cirujano pediátrico experto, dos enfermeras de planta más un médico y una enfermera del Servicio de Calidad. Resultados. Se revisaron 95 historias y 406 días de estancia. 31 pacientes (32,6%) sufrieron uno o más eventos adversos. Total EAs: 43. Número EAs/1.000 pacientes/día: 105,9. Los 3 EA más frecuentes fueron: vómitos, prurito y dolor. 28 EAs fueron de gravedad leve y 3 moderada, según la clasificación del National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention. Ningún EA fue grave o crítico. Conclusiones. La determinación de la prevalencia mediante evaluaciones regulares de historias clínicas es un método que permite obtener información de forma fácil sobre la frecuencia de aparición, el conocimiento exacto de los tipos de EAs y la aplicación de medidas correctoras. Este método tiene como limitación principal la posible falta de recogida EAs graves así como registro y análisis de eventos centinelas que pueden ocurrir en el periodo entre evaluaciones


Objectives. In 2014 our department starts to apply the PatientSafety Strategic in Pediatric Surgery. Our aim is to describe the results obtained. Methods. For the measurement of adverse events (AE) we used a modification of the Global Trigger Tool of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement. Population analysed: patients undergoing surgery with hospitalization. On a monthly basis, audits of the medical records of 12 patients discharged in the prior week of the assessment were performed. The evaluation team was composed by experienced pediatric surgeon, two staff nurses, and a doctor and nurse from the Quality Department. Results. 95 clinical records and a total of 406 days of hospital stay were reviewed. 31 patients (32.6%) experienced one or more AE. Total AE: 43. The AE/1000 patients/day ratio: 105.9. The most common AE were: vomiting, itching and pain. 28 EA were considerd mild and 3 moderate in severity, according to the classification of the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention. No EA were considered serious or critical. Conclusions. The analysis of prevalence through regular assessments of medical records is an easy method to obtain information about the frequency of occurrence, exact understanding of the AE types and the implementation of corrective measures. The main limitation of this method is that it can miss some of the serious EA and miss the records and analysis of sentinel events that may occur in the period between assessments


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Centro Cirúrgico Hospitalar/organização & administração , Pediatria/organização & administração , Gestão da Segurança/organização & administração , Segurança do Paciente/normas , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Complicações Intraoperatórias/prevenção & controle
2.
Cir Pediatr ; 28(3): 111-117, 2015 Jul 20.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27775303

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: In 2014 our department starts to apply the PatientSafety Strategic in Pediatric Surgery. Our aim is to describe the results obtained. METHODS: For the measurement of adverse events (AE) we used a modification of the Global Trigger Tool of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement. Population analysed: patients undergoing surgery with hospitalization. On a monthly basis, audits of the medical records of 12 patients discharged in the prior week of the assessment were performed. The evaluation team was composed by experienced pediatric surgeon, two staff nurses, and a doctor and nurse from the Quality Department. RESULTS: 95 clinical records and a total of 406 days of hospital stay were reviewed. 31 patients (32.6%) experienced one or more AE. Total AE: 43. The AE/1000 patients/day ratio: 105.9. The most common AE were: vomiting, itching and pain. 28 EA were considerd mild and 3 moderate in severity, according to the classification of the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention. No EA were considered serious or critical. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of prevalence through regular assessments of medical records is an easy method to obtain information about the frequency of occurrence, exact understanding of the AE types and the implementation of corrective measures. The main limitation of this method is that it can miss some of the serious EA and miss the records and analysis of sentinel events that may occur in the period between assessments.


OBJETIVOS: Durante el año 2014 se aplica el Plan de Seguridad del Paciente en un Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, elaborado previamente por nuestro Servicio. Se describen los resultados. MATERIAL Y METODOS: El método empleado para la medición de eventos adversos (EAs) es una modificación del Global Trigger Tool del Institute for Health care Improvement. Población analizada: pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente con hospitalización. Con una periodicidad mensual, se realizaron 12 auditorias de las historias clínicas correspondientes a los pacientes dados de alta en la semana anterior al día de la evaluación. El equipo evaluador estaba compuesto por: un cirujano pediátrico experto, dos enfermeras de planta más un médico y una enfermera del Servicio de Calidad. RESULTADOS: Se revisaron 95 historias y 406 días de estancia. 31 pacientes (32,6%) sufrieron uno o más eventos adversos. Total EAs: 43. Número EAs/1.000 pacientes/día: 105,9. Los 3 EA más frecuentes fueron: vómitos, prurito y dolor. 28 EAs fueron de gravedad leve y 3 moderada, según la clasificación del National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention. Ningún EA fue grave o crítico. CONCLUSIONES: La determinación de la prevalencia mediante evaluaciones regulares de historias clínicas es un método que permite obtener información de forma fácil sobre la frecuencia de aparición, el conocimiento exacto de los tipos de EAs y la aplicación de medidas correctoras. Este método tiene como limitación principal la posible falta de recogida EAs graves así como registro y análisis de eventos centinelas que pueden ocurrir en el periodo entre evaluaciones.

3.
Cir. pediátr ; 27(4): 157-164, oct. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-140542

RESUMO

Introducción. La seguridad del paciente constituye una prioridad en la gestión de la calidad de cualquier servicio sanitario. Todo paciente tiene derecho a una atención eficaz y segura. Objetivo. Diseñar un plan de seguridad del paciente en un Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica. Material y método. Revisión bibliográfica, constitución de un grupo de trabajo compuesto por profesionales sanitarios de los Servicios de Cirugía Pediátrica, Calidad y Documentación Clínica. Identificación de los eventos adversos potenciales, sus fallos y causas y su ponderación mediante el Análisis Modal de Fallos y Efectos. Construcción del mapa de riesgos y elaboración del plan de acciones preventivas para la disminución del riesgo. Designación de responsables para la ejecución efectiva del plan. Resultado. El número de eventos adversos identificados para la totalidad del Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica fue de 58. Se detectaron hasta 128 fallos, producidos por 211 causas. El grupo hizo una propuesta de 424 medidas concretas en forma de acciones preventivas y/o correctoras que, refinadas, hicieron un total de 322. Se planificó la aplicación efectiva del programa, actualmente en ejecución. Conclusiones. La metodología empleada ha permitido disponer de una información clave para la mejora de la seguridad del paciente y la elaboración de un plan de acciones preventivas y/o correctoras. Dichas medidas son aplicables en la práctica, ya que su diseño ha sido efectuado mediante propuestas y acuerdos de los profesionales que participan directamente en el proceso de asistencia a los niños con patología quirúrgica


Introduction. Patient safety is a key priority in quality management for healthcare services providers. Every patient is entitled to receive safe and effective healthcare. Aims. The aim of this study was to design a patient safety plan for a Paediatric Surgery Department. Methods. We carried out a literature review and we established a work group that included healthcare professionals from the Paediatric Surgery Department and the Quality and Medical Records Department. The group identified potential adverse events, failures and causes and established a rating using Failure Mode Effects Analysis. Potential risks were mapped out and a plan was designed establishing actions to reduce risks. We designated leaders to ensure the effective implementation of the plan. Results. A total of 58 adverse events were identified in the Paediatric Surgery Department. We detected 128 failures that were produced by 211 different causes. The group developed a proposal with 424 specific measures to carry out preventive and/or remedial actions that were then narrowed down to 322. The group designed a plan to apply the programme, which is currently being implemented. Conclusions. The methodology used enabled obtaining key information for improvement of patient safety and developing preventive and/or remedial actions. These measures are applicable in practice, as they were designed using proposals and agreements with professionals that take active part in the care of children with surgical conditions


Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Gestão da Segurança/métodos , /organização & administração , Segurança do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Pediátricos/organização & administração , Melhoria de Qualidade/organização & administração , Avaliação de Resultado de Ações Preventivas
4.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 26(2): 84-93, abr. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-120728

RESUMO

Objetivo: Identificar los factores que prolongan los tiempos de espera e implementar soluciones que permitan reducirlos en un servicio de urgencias de un hospital de alta complejidad (nivel III) mediante la aplicación de la metodología Lean en el proceso asistencial completo, que incluye las interacciones relevantes con otras unidades. Método: Diseño cuasi experimental pre-post intervención a la aplicación de la metodología Lean para la gestión de procesos productivos. Las variables de resultado fueron el tiempo de estancia en el área de consultas, el tiempo de espera para primera consulta facultativa y la proporción de pacientes que se marchan sin ser atendidos. Se recogieron datos de 1año antes y 1 año después de implementarse de las acciones de mejora planteadas. Resultados: El tiempo medio de estancia en el área de consultas en el circuito de pacientes banales disminuyó de 80,4 minutos (IC95%= 75,3-85,6) a 61,6 (IC95% = 57,7-65,5; p <0,001); en el circuito traumatológico se redujo de 137.8 minutos (IC95% = 130,9-137,6) a123,8 (IC95% = 119,7-127,8; p < 0,05); y en el circuito médico-quirúrgico pasó de 219,7(IC 95% = 209,1-230,4) a 209,3 (IC 95% = 200,9-217,8; p = 0,108). Igualmente se produjo una significativa reducción (p < 0,001) del tiempo medio de espera de primera consulta facultativa: 58,0 minutos (DE = 6,3) a 49,1 (DE = 3,7); y de la proporción de pacientes que se marchan sin ser atendidos de 2,8% (DE = 0,5) frente a 2,0% (DE = 0,9; p < 0,001). Conclusiones: Se demuestra una mejoría de la duración total de la estancia en urgencias y del tiempo medio de espera de primera consulta facultativa. La metodología Lean puede ser útil en un SUH de alta complejidad para la detección de procesos inefectivos que comportan tiempos de espera evitables (AU)


Objectives: To identify factors that cause delays and to implement lean methods to reduce overall wait times, including interdepartmental consultations, in a complex tertiary level hospital emergency department. Method: Quasi-experimental pre-post study of applying lean-thinking solutions to the management of emergency department production (care processes). The outcome variables were patient’s time spent in the examination area of the department, wait time before the first visit by a physician, and the percentage of patients who left before being seen. We analyzed data from the year before and the year after implementing the improvement measures. Results: The mean (95% CI) time spent in the examining areas by patients with the simplest emergencies was reduced from 80.4 (75.3-85.6) minutes to 61.6 (57.7-65.5) minutes (P<.001). Trauma case times were reduced from 137.8(130.9-137.6) minutes to 123.8 (119.7-127.8) minutes (P<.05) and medical-surgical case times from 219.73 (209.1-230.4) minutes to 209.3 (200.9-217.8) minutes (P=.108). Mean (SD) delays until first contact with a physician were also reduced significantly (P<.001) from 58.0 (6.3) minutes to 49.1 (3.7) minutes before and after the lean-method intervention, respectively. The percentage of patients leaving before seeing a physician also decreased, from 2.8%(0.5%) to 2.0% (0.9%) (P<.001). Conclusions: Both the duration a patient’s stay in the emergency department and wait time before the first physician visit improved. Lean methods can be useful in a highly complex hospital emergency department for detecting ineffective processes that lead to avoidable delays (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/organização & administração , Melhoria de Qualidade/organização & administração , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Procedimentos Desnecessários/estatística & dados numéricos , Tempo para o Tratamento/estatística & dados numéricos
5.
Cir Pediatr ; 27(4): 157-64, 2014 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26065106

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Patient safety is a key priority in quality management for healthcare services providers. Every patient is entitled to receive safe and effective healthcare. AIMS: The aim of this study was to design a patient safety plan for a Paediatric Surgery Department. METHODS: We carried out a literature review and we established a work group that included healthcare professionals from the Paediatric Surgery Department and the Quality and Medical Records Department. The group identified potential adverse events, failures and causes and established a rating using Failure Mode Effects Analysis. Potential risks were mapped out and a plan was designed establishing actions to reduce risks. We designated leaders to ensure the effective implementation of the plan. RESULTS: A total of 58 adverse events were identified in the Paediatric Surgery Department. We detected 128 failures that were produced by 211 different causes. The group developed a proposal with 424 specific measures to carry out preventive and/or remedial actions that were then narrowed down to 322. The group designed a plan to apply the programme, which is currently being implemented. CONCLUSIONS: The methodology used enabled obtaining key information for improvement of patient safety and developing preventive and/or remedial actions. These measures are applicable in practice, as they were designed using proposals and agreements with professionals that take active part in the care of children with surgical conditions.


Assuntos
Segurança do Paciente , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/métodos , Criança , Humanos , Pediatria/normas , Espanha , Centro Cirúrgico Hospitalar , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/normas
6.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 25(3): 218-227, jun. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-113599

RESUMO

Se describe cómo se ha diseñado un plan de seguridad del paciente en un servicio de urgencias hospitalario de un centro universitario de alta complejidad. El plan contiene una amplia serie de acciones preventivas para minimizar el riesgo de aparición de los eventos adversos identificados. Para ello, se realizó por parte de un grupo de expertos en urgencias la: 1) identificación de los eventos adversos que pueden producirse en el servicio de urgencias hospitalario, así como los fallos y causas que los producen, mediante la técnica degeneración de ideas o brainstorming, 2) priorización de los eventos adversos y obtención del índice de prioridad de riesgos, mediante el análisis modal de fallos y efectos, 3) propuesta de acciones preventivas, y 4) elaboración de un mapa de riesgos del macroproceso asistencial de urgencias. Se identificaron un total de 43 eventos adversos distintos, 65 tipos de fallos, 86 causas y 207 acciones preventivas. Cada eventos adversos generó entre 1 y21 acciones preventivas. El 6,97% de los eventos adversos estuvieron relacionados con el diagnóstico, de 13,95% con la medicación, el 46,51% con los cuidados, el 2,32% con infecciones, el 6,97% con la realización de un procedimiento y el 23,26% con otros aspectos. Nuestra experiencia enfatiza la importancia de crear una cultura de seguridad del paciente en un servicio de urgencias hospitalario a través de la implantación de un plan de seguridad que incluya un análisis de los eventos adversos, su priorización y la planificación de acciones preventivas para disminuir su incidencia (AU)


This paper describes the design of a patient safety program for the emergency department of a highly complex tertiary care university hospital. The program comprises a broad set of preventive measures for reducing the risk of identified adverse events. An expert working group within the emergency department undertook the following steps to create the program: 1) brainstorming to identify the potential adverse events that occur in the emergency department as well as the errors and contributing factors responsible for them, 2) ranking of the adverse events according to a risk priorityindex by means of failure mode and effect analysis, 3) listing recommendations for risk reduction, and 4) mapping risks onto the overall emergency care process. The working group identified 43 adverse events, 65 types of error, 86 causes, and 207 ameliorating actions. Each adverse event generated between 1 and 21 ameliorating actions. Problems with the clinical care process accounted for 46.51% of the total, medication incidents for 13.95%, the diagnostic process for6.97%, procedures for 6.97%, and infections for 2.32%. Other types of incidents accounted for 23.26% of the total. Our experience underlines the importance of creating a patient safety culture in an emergency department. Such a culture can be created by first analyzing and ranking adverse events according to level of risk and then planning ameliorating actions that reduce risk (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Segurança do Paciente , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/organização & administração , Gestão da Segurança/organização & administração , Comportamento de Redução do Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
7.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 60(4): 204-214, abr. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-112536

RESUMO

Objetivos. Identificar acciones preventivas que minimicen el riesgo para la seguridad de los pacientes atendidos en las unidades de tratamiento del dolor, y agrupar en lotes las acciones preventivas que presenten características homogéneas. El trabajo es una parte de un proyecto de mejora de la seguridad de pacientes atendidos en dichas unidades, cuyo propósito global ha sido la identificación, priorización y prevención de riesgos. Material y métodos. Se seleccionó un grupo de expertos formado por profesionales con formación clínica específica y experiencia en programas y servicios de atención al dolor. Se les proporcionó formación en seguridad de pacientes e información sobre los eventos adversos identificados, los fallos y las causas asociados. Mediante la técnica de tormenta de ideas los participantes respondieron a la pregunta: ¿qué modificaciones o mejoras habría que hacer al proceso asistencial para evitar absolutamente la aparición de cada uno de los eventos adversos? Las propuestas generadas se consensuaron y agruparon en lotes en función de su homogeneidad. Resultados. Se identificaron 456 acciones preventivas. El apartado más numeroso fue el de las modificaciones en la organización del proceso asistencial, seguido de los de las mejoras en la práctica clínica, las actividades formativas, la protocolización y la comunicación con el paciente. Conclusiones. Según el consenso de los expertos, son los cambios organizativos y las mejoras en la práctica asistencial, las intervenciones que más podrían reducir el riesgo para los pacientes en las unidades de tratamiento del dolor(AU)


Objectives. To identify preventive actions that minimise risk of patients safety in pain treatment units, and to cluster preventive actions into homogeneous groups. The current study is part of a project intended to improve patient safety in pain treatment units, and is aimed at identifying, prioritising and preventing patient safety risk. Material and methods. A group of experts was selected from professionals with a specific clinical background and experience in pain treatment units. This group was provided with information on patient safety and on known adverse events, errors and related causes. Through a brainstorming method the participants were asked: What changes or improvements would need to be undertaken to absolutely prevent the occurrence of each adverse event? The participant's proposals were analysed and grouped according to their homogeneity. Results. A total of 456 preventive actions were identified. The group that received the highest number of suggestions was the one including changes in the management of healthcare processes, followed by the group that considered improvements in clinical practice, training activities, protocols and policies, and patient communication. Conclusions. According to the consensus of the experts, management of healthcare processes and improvements in health care practices are the 2 interventions that are most likely to reduce patient safety risk in pain treatment units(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , /métodos , Clínicas de Dor/organização & administração , Clínicas de Dor/estatística & dados numéricos , Dor Crônica/epidemiologia , Dor Crônica/prevenção & controle , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Segurança do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Segurança do Paciente/normas , Manejo da Dor/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco , /organização & administração , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/organização & administração , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/normas
8.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 60(4): 204-14, 2013 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23433728

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To identify preventive actions that minimise risk of patients safety in pain treatment units, and to cluster preventive actions into homogeneous groups. The current study is part of a project intended to improve patient safety in pain treatment units, and is aimed at identifying, prioritising and preventing patient safety risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A group of experts was selected from professionals with a specific clinical background and experience in pain treatment units. This group was provided with information on patient safety and on known adverse events, errors and related causes. Through a brainstorming method the participants were asked: What changes or improvements would need to be undertaken to absolutely prevent the occurrence of each adverse event? The participant's proposals were analysed and grouped according to their homogeneity. RESULTS: A total of 456 preventive actions were identified. The group that received the highest number of suggestions was the one including changes in the management of healthcare processes, followed by the group that considered improvements in clinical practice, training activities, protocols and policies, and patient communication. CONCLUSIONS: According to the consensus of the experts, management of healthcare processes and improvements in health care practices are the 2 interventions that are most likely to reduce patient safety risk in pain treatment units.


Assuntos
Dor Crônica/terapia , Manejo da Dor/efeitos adversos , Segurança do Paciente , Gestão da Segurança , Unidades Hospitalares , Humanos
9.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 59(8): 423-429, oct. 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-105765

RESUMO

Objetivos. Un grupo de expertos coordinado por la Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública identificó los episodios adversos (EA) más graves y frecuentes en las Unidades de Tratamiento del Dolor (UTD), así como los fallos y las causas subyacentes, como paso previo a la elaboración de acciones preventivas. Los objetivos del proyecto fueron identificar los episodios adversos potenciales en las UTD, identificar sus fallos y las causas que pueden originarlos y, priorizar dichos fallos según la herramienta análisis de modos de fallos y de sus efectos (AMFE). Material y métodos. La metodología empleada consistió en realizar una búsqueda bibliográfica, selección de un grupo de expertos con experiencia en UTD, creación de un catálogo de episodios adversos mediante la técnica de generación de ideas y, puesta en práctica de las herramientas AMFE e índice de prioridad de riesgo. Resultados. Se identificaron hasta 66 tipos de episodios adversos relacionados con medicación (30), técnicas invasivas (15), proceso asistencial (10), información y educación del paciente (6), práctica clínica (5). Se localizó que hasta 101 fallos pueden desencadenar esos EA y, que 242 causas pueden provocar esos fallos. Conclusiones. Los resultados indican la necesidad de trabajar principalmente en 2 sentidos: la mejora del proceso asistencial en las UTD (la organización de la asistencia), y el trabajo profesional; este último en 2 aspectos, mejora de la práctica clínica y aumento de las competencias profesionales mediante formación específica. La comunicación, ya sea interprofesional o interservicios o con el paciente y su familia, se identifica como un aspecto clave para la mejora(AU)


Objectives. An expert group coordinated by the Andalusian School of Public Health identified the most serious and frequent adverse events in Pain Treatment Units (PTU), as well the failures and underlying causes, as a prior step to preparing preventive actions. The aims of the project were to identify potential adverse events in Pain Treatment Units, identify failures and their underlying causes, and prioritise these failures according to a failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) tool. Material and methods. The method employed consisted of a literature search, the selection of an expert group with experience in PTU, creating a catalogue of adverse events using the generation of ideas technique, and putting the FMEA and Risk Priority Index tools into practice. Results. Up to 66 types of adverse events were identified associated with; medication (30), invasive techniques (15), care process (10), patient information and education (6), and clinical practice (5). It was found that up to 101 failures could be triggered by these adverse events, and that 242 causes could lead to these failures. Conclusions. The results indicated the need to work principally in two directions, improving the care process in the PTU (the health care organisation), and the professional work, this latter having two aspects, improving the clinical practice, and increase professional skills by means of specific training. Communication, whether inter-professional or inter-department, or with the patient and their family, is identified as a key aspect for improvement(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Clínicas de Dor/normas , Clínicas de Dor , Manejo da Dor/efeitos adversos , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Fatores de Risco , Medidas de Segurança/tendências , Clínicas de Dor/ética , Manejo da Dor/normas , Manejo da Dor/tendências , Manejo da Dor , /organização & administração , /normas , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/tendências
10.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 59(8): 423-9, 2012 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22742871

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: An expert group coordinated by the Andalusian School of Public Health identified the most serious and frequent adverse events in Pain Treatment Units (PTU), as well the failures and underlying causes, as a prior step to preparing preventive actions. The aims of the project were to identify potential adverse events in Pain Treatment Units, identify failures and their underlying causes, and prioritise these failures according to a failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) tool. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The method employed consisted of a literature search, the selection of an expert group with experience in PTU, creating a catalogue of adverse events using the generation of ideas technique, and putting the FMEA and Risk Priority Index tools into practice. RESULTS: Up to 66 types of adverse events were identified associated with; medication (30), invasive techniques (15), care process (10), patient information and education (6), and clinical practice (5). It was found that up to 101 failures could be triggered by these adverse events, and that 242 causes could lead to these failures. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated the need to work principally in two directions, improving the care process in the PTU (the health care organisation), and the professional work, this latter having two aspects, improving the clinical practice, and increase professional skills by means of specific training. Communication, whether inter-professional or inter-department, or with the patient and their family, is identified as a key aspect for improvement.


Assuntos
Clínicas de Dor , Segurança do Paciente , Gestão de Riscos , Analgesia/efeitos adversos , Analgesia/mortalidade , Analgésicos/efeitos adversos , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/etiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/transmissão , Prioridades em Saúde , Humanos , Erros de Medicação , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/induzido quimicamente , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/etiologia , Clínicas de Dor/organização & administração , Clínicas de Dor/estatística & dados numéricos , Manejo da Dor/efeitos adversos , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Medição de Risco , Gestão de Riscos/organização & administração , Gestão de Riscos/estatística & dados numéricos , Falha de Tratamento
11.
An Sist Sanit Navar ; 33 Suppl 1: 19-27, 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20508674

RESUMO

The financial sustainability of public health systems (PHS) is currently threatened by population growth, increased prevalence of chronic conditions and disabilities, inequality in access and use of resources, zero cost delivery and global economic crisis. The emergency department (ED) is one for which demand is highest--without relation to the health model--because disease becomes established in disadvantaged socio-demographic areas and inequalities, hyperconsumption and decision making more closely linked to the user are maintained. The medical device of ED is a multiple one and its diverse product lines make it difficult to measure. This review discusses the need to deploy measurement tools in ED, where there are high direct costs--primarily structural--and other variables related to the activity, where the marginal cost is higher than the average and there is no economy of scale in such interventions. The possible mechanisms of private copayment in financing the supply of EDs are also studied, showing their advantages and disadvantages, with the conclusion that they are not recommendable--due to their scarce fund raising and deterrent capacity, which is why fundamental strategic changes in the management of these resources are needed.


Assuntos
Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/economia , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/normas , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/organização & administração , Humanos , Justiça Social
12.
An. sist. sanit. Navar ; 33(supl.1): 19-27, ene.-abr. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-88201

RESUMO

públicos (SSP) está amenazada por el crecimientopoblacional, la mayor prevalencia de procesos crónicosy discapacidades, la inequidad residual en el acceso yutilización de los recursos, el coste nulo en la prestacióny la crisis económica mundial.Los servicios de Urgencias y Emergencias (SUE)son uno de los más demandados –sin relación con elmodelo de salud– porque la enfermedad asienta enáreas sociodemográficas menos favorecidas, se mantieneninequidad, hiperconsumo y capacidad de decisiónmás ligada al usuario. El producto sanitario de los SUEes múltiple y con líneas de producción diversas quedificultan su medición. En esta revisión se analiza lanecesidad de implantar herramientas de medida en losSUE, donde existen altos costes directos –fundamentalmenteestructurales– y otros variables relacionadoscon la actividad, donde el coste marginal es superior almedio y sin economía de escala en estas intervenciones.Se estudian, asimismo, los posibles mecanismos decoparticipación privada en la financiación de la ofertade los SUE, se muestran sus ventajas e inconvenientesy se concluye que no son recomendables –por su escasacapacidad recaudadora y disuasoria– por lo queson necesarios cambios estratégicos fundamentales enla gestión de estos recursos(AU)


The financial sustainability of public health systems(PHS) is currently threatened by populationgrowth, increased prevalence of chronic conditions anddisabilities, inequality in access and use of resources,zero cost delivery and global economic crisis.The emergency department (ED) is one for whichdemand is highest – without relation to the health model– because disease becomes established in disadvantagedsocio-demographic areas and inequalities, hyperconsumptionand decision making more closely linkedto the user are maintained. The medical device of EDis a multiple one and its diverse product lines make itdifficult to measure.This review discusses the need to deploy measurementtools in ED, where there are high direct costs– primarily structural – and other variables related tothe activity, where the marginal cost is higher than theaverage and there is no economy of scale in such interventions.The possible mechanisms of private copaymentin financing the supply of EDs are also studied,showing their advantages and disadvantages, with theconclusion that they are not recommendable – due totheir scarce fund raising and deterrent capacity, whichis why fundamental strategic changes in the managementof these resources are needed(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Medicina de Emergência/economia , Medicina de Desastres/economia , Administração dos Cuidados ao Paciente/organização & administração , Equidade no Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , 34002
14.
Todo hosp ; (198): 427-448, jul. 2003. graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-37862

RESUMO

La situación que atraviesan los Servicios de Urgencias y Emergencias en el entorno occidental llevó a la Sociedad Española de Medicina de Urgencias a promover un estudio realizado con la Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. El análisis de la atención urgente en España aporta, a partir de los protagonistas de la asistencia (administraciones, responsables, profesionales, usuarios) alternativas de mejora en este área de atención sanitaria. Se han considerado los siguientes aspectos estratégicos: el papel de las urgencias en el sistema sanitario, la estructura y gestión de los servicios, el desarrollo de los profesionales de la atención urgente y calidad y acreditación de los servicios de urgencias (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/tendências , Sistema Médico de Emergência , Acreditação/métodos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/tendências , Educação Continuada/tendências
16.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 76(3): 117-20, 1981 Feb 10.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6782392

RESUMO

Twenty one episodes of severe uncontrolled diabetes, most of them with ketoacidosis, were treated at a Medical Intensive Care Unit with fluid and electrolyte replacement and continuous perfusion of low doses of insulin. The overall results of this therapeutic approach were a progressive and gradual return to normality of all biochemical parameters with a fall of serum glucose levels and no hypoglycemic or hypokalemic accidents. Based on this study and on a review of the literature, an updated protocol for therapy of diabetic ketoacidosis is proposed.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/tratamento farmacológico , Insulina/administração & dosagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Glicemia , Criança , Cetoacidose Diabética/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Coma Hiperglicêmico Hiperosmolar não Cetótico/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Potássio/sangue
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