RESUMO
Background: Neonatal jaundice is a prevalent illness affecting approximately 60%-80% of newborns. In severe cases, it can result in severe neurological distress. Approximately 1.1 million neonates are affected annually on a global scale, with the vast majority living in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia. It is common in newborns in the first week of life. This study aims to assess the magnitude and determinants of jaundice in newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of public hospitals in the city of Dessie in northern Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional cross-sectional study was conducted at the NICU at Dessie town public hospitals from 30 March to 30 April 2020. A systematic random sampling procedure was used to select the study participants. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with mothers using a structured questionnaire and by reviewing neonatal medical records using a checklist. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the determinants of neonatal jaundice. A significance level of less than 0.05 was used to declare the statistical significance in the final model. Results: A total of 218 neonates with their mothers were included in the study. The prevalence rate of neonatal jaundice was found to be 28.4%. The major associated factors for neonatal jaundice were sepsis [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 10.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.36, 43.56], preterm < 37 weeks (AOR: 6.03, 95% CI = 1.41, 25.79) low APGAR score < 7 (AOR: 7.34, 95% CI = 1.34, 39.65), ABO incompatibility (AOR: 24.55 95% CI = 1.58, 68.83), prolonged labor (AOR 9.03, 95% CI = 1.67, 48.33), and Rh incompatibility (AOR = 30.40, 95% CI = 2.01, 66.20). Conclusion: The magnitude of neonatal jaundice among neonates was determined to be high. Therefore, both maternal and neonatal factors contributed significantly to the management of neonatal jaundice and also influenced the use of phototherapy treatment. Proper consideration of these factors is crucial for the prevention and treatment of neonatal jaundice.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency is a common worldwide problem with its prevalence magnified in infants. Prevalence in infants is believed to range from 2.7% to 45% in different countries of the world. Appropriate sunlight exposure of skin is thought to be vital for the prevention of vitamin D deficiency. However, due to a dearth of study the practice of sunlight exposure is incompletely understood. Thus, assessing practice and factors affecting sunlight exposure of infants by mothers was relevant. OBJECTIVE: To assess practice level and factors associated with sunlight exposure of infants by mothers in Debre Berhan town, North Showa, Ethiopia, 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted to collect relevant data among 530 mothers with infants at selected kebeles in Debre Berhan town. A simple random sampling technique was used to select kebeles and systematic sampling was complemented to identify study participant. Data were collected with interview using a pre-tested structured and semi-structured questionnaire. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were run to examine the association among dependent and independent variable. Significant association was declared at P value ≤0.05. RESULTS: All the mothers were interviewed and 65.7% of them had good practice in sunning of their infant. In multi-variable analysis, mothers who are housewives or government employees, have a maternal age of 33 and above, perceive that sunlight strengthen infant bones, perceive that sunlight makes their infants healthier, and who got information from health-care professionals were significantly associated with good practice in sunning of their infant. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Finding of this study indicated that 34.3% of participants have poor practice in sunning of infants. This is a pointer that sunlight exposure of infants still needs attention from the government and other concerned bodies.
