COVID-19 y embolia pulmonar: una nueva entidad / Covid-19 and pulmonary embolism: a new entity

El SARS-CoV-2 es un virus emergente que se extendió por todo el mundo desde China a finales de 2019, generando en el individuo una respuesta inflamatoria sistémica con afectación severa de los principales órganos (pulmón, corazón, sistema nervioso central, etc.). A la enfermedad causada por el mismo, la denominamos COVID-19. Una de las complicaciones descritas en la literatura, más frecuentemente asociadas a la infección, es la enfermedad tromboembólica venosa (embolismo pulmonar y trombosis venosa profunda). Se cree que la causa es debida a la inflamación excesiva y un estado de hipercoagulabilidad, con activación plaquetaria, disfunción endotelial y estasis sanguínea, que favorece la adhesión plaquetaria y formación de trombos. Presentamos dos casos clínicos diagnosticados en nuestro centro durante el periodo de pandemia en los que se observó esta complicación (AU)

SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging virus spread over the world from China in late 2019, generating in the patient a systemic inflammatory response with severe involvement of the main organs (lung, heart, central nervous system, etc.). The disease produced by this virus is called COVID-19. Previous studies show that one of the most commonly associated complications with COVID-19 is venous thromboembolic disease (pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis). The cause is thought to be due to excessive inflammation and hypercoagulability, with platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction and blood theses, which promotes platelet adhesion and thrombus formation. We present two clinical cases reported during the pandemic period in which this complication was reported (AU)

Síndrome de Lemierre. Reporte de un caso con embolismos sépticos pulmonar y muscular y revisión de la literatura / Lemierre's syndrome. Report of a case with pulmonary and muscular septic embolisms and literature review

El síndrome de Lemierre es una complicación rara pero mortal de las infecciones orofaríngeas definido por tromboflebitis de la vena yugular interna que origina embolismos sépticos a múltiples localizaciones entre las que destacan por su mayor frecuencia los pulmones. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 19 años previamente sano en el que se objetivaron metástasis sépticas en ambos pulmones y músculo pectoral mayor derecho. Según nuestro conocimiento este es el primer reporte de un síndrome de Lemierre causante de embolismo séptico pectoral. La revisión de la literatura aporta información sobre cómo realizar el diagnóstico de sospecha de esta entidad y el tratamiento empírico adecuado

Lemierre's syndrome is a strange but potentially deadly complication or oropharyngeal infections defined by internal jugular vein thrombosis that originates septic embolisms towards various locations among which the lungs stands out because of its frequency. We report the case of a 19 years old previously healthy male who was diagnosed with septic methastaes in both lungs and in the right major pectoral muscle. As far as we are concerned this is the first report of a Lemierre's syndrome causing a pectoral septic embolism. Literature review delivers information on how to diagnose this entity and the adequate empiric treatment

In vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamics analysis of penetration of retinyl acetate into stratum corneum.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the behavior of retinyl acetate in penetrating human skin without the presence of enhancers by using confocal Raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation. METHODS: In this study, in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy was combined with molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the transdermal permeation of the aqueous suspension of retinyl acetate. RESULTS: Permeation was measured after 30min, and retinyl acetate was found up to 20µm deep inside the stratum corneum. The delivery of retinyl acetate inside a skin membrane model was studied by molecular dynamics. The membrane model that was used represented normal young skin containing a lipid bilayer with 25% ceramide, 36% fatty acid, 30% cholesterol, and 6% cholesterol sulfate. CONCLUSION: Spectroscopy data indicate that retinyl acetate permeates into the stratum corneum. Molecular dynamics data showed that retinyl acetate permeates in the membrane model and that their final location is deep inside the lipid bilayer. We showed, for the first time, a correlation between Raman permeation data and computational data.

Molecular structure, natural bond analysis, vibrational and electronic spectra, surface enhanced Raman scattering and Mulliken atomic charges of the normal modes of [Mn(DDTC)2] complex.

Theoretical and experimental bands have been assigned for the Fourier Transform Infrared and Raman spectra of the bis(diethyldithiocarbamate)Mn(II) complex, [Mn(DDTC)2]. The calculations have been based on the DFT/B3LYP method, second derivative spectra and band deconvolution analysis. The UV-vis experimental spectra were measured in acetonitrile solution, and the calculated electronic spectrum was obtained using the TD/B3LYP method with 6-311G(d, p) basis set for all atoms. Charge transfer bands and those d-d spin forbidden were assigned in the UV-vis spectrum. The natural bond orbital analysis was carried out using the DFT/B3LYP method and the Mn(II) hybridization leading to the planar geometry of the framework was discussed. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was also performed. Mulliken charges of the normal modes were obtained and related to the SERS enhanced bands.

RM1 semi empirical and DFT: B3LYP/3-21G theoretical insights on the confocal Raman experimental observations in qualitative water content of the skin dermis of healthy young, healthy elderly and diabetic elderly women's.

In the confocal Raman spectra of skin dermis, the band area of proline and hydroxyproline in the fingerprint spectral region of 800-1000 cm(-1), where their vibrational modes are assigned, varied according to the age of the woman volunteers. The other aging effect observed in the Raman spectra is in the Amide I band in the spectral region between 1580 and 1720 cm(-1), where a softening in the Raman shift and intensity variation is detected depending of the vibrational groups. It is well known that the water quantity in healthy human skin dermis increases with age. However, in the elderly with diabetic disease, the increased sugar content directly affect the proline and hydroxyproline peaks as well as the water content in the dermis. The first approach in this work was theoretically modeling these systems using the RM1 semi empirical method, which represent proline and hydroxyproline interacting with one to four water molecule and with glucose. This task predicted how many hydrogen bonds were formed with the two amino acids and glucose. The subsequent model was built using DFT/B3LYP:3-21G procedures considering the amino acids chain formed by hydroxyproline and proline alone, which interact with one and four water molecules. We analyzed the dipole moment and polarizability variation to determine the hydrogen bonds in these systems. We chose the DFT/B3LYP:3-21G method to assign the vibrational modes of the skin dermis as a way to correlate the experimental trends. To explain the profile of lower intensity in the hydroxyproline and proline spectral region in diabetic elderly women, we proposed a chemical reaction of water interchange between the bonding amino acids and glucose, and we considered also the natural decreasing of collagen due to the glycation process. Theoretical results agree well with the observed experimental results.

Lack of phosphoserine phosphatase activity alters pollen and tapetum development in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Formation of mature pollen grain, an essential process for the reproduction of higher plants, is affected in lines that are deficient in the enzymes of the phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis (PPSB). Mutants of phosphoserine phosphatase (PSP), the enzyme that catalyses the last step of PPSB, are embryo-lethal. When they are complemented with a construct carrying PSP1 cDNA under the control of the 35S promoter (psp1.1 35S:PSP1), which is poorly expressed in anther tissues, plants display a wild-type phenotype, but are male-sterile. The pollen from the psp1.1 35S:PSP1 lines are shrunken and unviable. Here we report the morphological alterations that appear in the psp1.1 35S:PSP1 lines during microspore development. We show that the pollen wall from these lines presents a normal exine layer, but a shrunken and collapsed shape. Lack of PSP activity also affects oil bodies formation in the tapetosomes of tapetal cells which, in turn, may influence microspore pollen coat formation. All these results highlight the important role of the PPSB in the normal development of microspores in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Endometriosis intestinal como causa de abdomen agudo / Intestinal endometriosis as a cause of acute abdomen

El dolor abdominal es motivo de consulta médica muy frecuente y además es un síntoma inespecífico que aparece en un gran número de patologías tanto digestivas como extra digestivas. La endometriosis intestinal es una enfermedad poco frecuente y común gran espectro clínico, lo cual hace difícil su diagnóstico. Se presenta el caso clínico de paciente que curso son síndrome abdominal agudo secundario a endometriosis intestinal. Se hace una revisión del tema en la literatura mundial (AU)

Abdominal pain is a frequent cause of medical consultation and is also a nonspecific symptom that occurs in a large number of both digestive and extraintestinal disorders. Intestinal endometriosis is a rare disease with a broad clinical spectrum, hampering diagnosis. We report the case of a patient with acute abdomen secondary to intestinal endometriosis. A review of the topic in the world literature is provided (AU)

Serine biosynthesis by photorespiratory and non-photorespiratory pathways: an interesting interplay with unknown regulatory networks.

Photorespiration is a primary metabolic pathway, which, given its energy costs, has often been viewed as a wasteful process. Despite having reached the consensus that one important function of photorespiration is the removal of toxic metabolite intermediates, other possible functions have emerged, and others could well emerge in the future. As a primary metabolic pathway, photorespiration interacts with other routes; however the nature of these interactions is not well known. One of these interacting pathways could be the biosynthesis of serine, since this amino acid is synthesised through photorespiratory and non-photorespiratory routes. At present, the exact contribution of each route to serine supply in different tissues and organs, their biological significance and how pathways are integrated and/or regulated remain unknown. Here, we review the non-photorespiratory serine biosynthetic pathways, their interactions with the photorespiratory pathway, their putative role in plants and their biotechnological interest.

Histerectomía obstétrica por sepsis en el puerperio / Obstetric hysterectomy due to sepsis in the puerperium

Los sangrados de origen obstétrico y las infecciones pélvicas severas constituyen las primeras causas para la realización de una histerectomía en el estado grávido puerperal. La decisión de realizar una histerectomía con un diagnóstico oportuno va a influir en la evolución y pronóstico de estas pacientes. El objetivo principal del presente estudio es analizar la histerectomía obstétrica por procesos infecciosos pélvicos severos, mediante un análisis retrospectivo de 5 años en pacientes del Hospital General de México y del Centro de Esterilidad y Ginecología Integral. Se incluyeron 17 casos de histerectomía obstétrica, el grupo de edad promedio fue entre los 20 y 30 años, la principal indicación fue la deciduomiometritis en el 35,2%, el tiempo promedio de la cirugía fue de 124,4min, las complicaciones principales fueron lesiones al tracto urinario y aquellas secundarias al proceso séptico (CID), la mortalidad fue del 35% (AU)

Bleeding of obstetric origin and severe pelvic infections are the main causes of hysterectomy in the puerperium. Timely diagnosis and hysterectomy influence the outcome of these patients. The main objective of the present study was to analyze obstetric hysterectomy for severe pelvic infectious processes. We retrospectively analyzed obstetric hysterectomies for severe pelvic infectious processes and sepsis in the puerperium performed over a 5-year period in the General Hospital of Mexico. Seventeen cases of obstetric hysterectomy were analyzed. Most patients were aged between 20 and 30 years. The main indication was endometritis in 35.2%, and the mean operating time was 124.4min. The main complications were urinary tract lesions and those secondary to the septic process (disseminated intravascular coagulation). Mortality was 35% (AU)

Traqueobroncomegalia y bronquiectasias en el síndrome de Mouniere-Kuhn. Colonización por Pseudomonas aeruginosa y antibioterapia inhalada / Tracheobronchomalacia and bronchiectasis in the Mouniere-Kuhn syndrome. Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization and inhaled antibiotic therapy

El síndrome de Mouniere-Kuhn se caracteriza por bronquiectasias (BQ) congénitas asociadas a traqueobroncomegalia. Es una enfermedad poco prevalente en la población general (1-4,5%), siendo infrecuente el diagnóstico en la edad adulta. Las infecciones respiratorias constituyen una complicación frecuente en su evolución y entre ellas, la infección y colonización por Pseudomona aeruginosa. La terapia antibiótica inhalada con colistina, tobramicina, etc. ha demostrado su eficacia en pacientes con BQ asociadas a fibrosis quística. La instauración de este tratamiento en nuestro caso se asoció con una mejoría en la sintomatología clínica y reducción de las exacerbaciones (AU)

Mounier-Kuhn syndrome is characterized by congenital bronchiectasis (BC) associated to tracheobronchomegaly. It is a disease of little prevalence in the general population (1-4.5%), its diagnosis being uncommon in the adult age. Respiratory infections are a frequent complication in its course and, among them, infection and Pseudomona aeruginosa colonization. Inhaled antibiotic therapy with colistin, tobramycin, etc. has demonstrated its efficacy in patients with cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. The establishment of this treatment in our case was associated with an improvement in the clinical symptoms and reduction of the deteriorations (AU)

Assessment of sperm quality, DNA integrity and cryopreservation protocols in men diagnosed with testicular and systemic malignancies.

Men diagnosed with malignancy are often referred for semen banking to preserve their fertility prior to cancer treatment. The chances of cancer patients for achieving future fecundity will be determined by the sperm quality including the integrity of the genomic material in the frozen samples. The objectives of this study were to compare the sperm quality and DNA integrity in men diagnosed with testicular and systemic malignancies before receiving treatment and to identify the optimum cryopreservation protocol for their samples including a remote semen collection option. In comparison with fertile donors, patients with testicular malignancies had significantly lower sperm concentration, while both testicular and systemic malignancy patients had significantly lower sperm motility and cryosurvival rates. In addition, the SCSA defined DNA fragmentation index was significantly higher in patients with testicular and systemic malignancies compared with fertile donors. It was noted that the extent of deterioration in sperm quality and DNA integrity seen in cancer patients did not reach the previously defined statistical threshold for impaired fertility. Freezing spermatozoa with the seminal plasma offers the highest protection against cryo-injury. Nevertheless, remote semen collection can still be used as it yields adequate results.

Traumatismo torácico en partido de futbol / Thoracic trauma in a soccer match. J.J. Jareño Esteban

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Hepatización pulmonar a través de la ecografía torácica / Pulmonary hepatization through thoracic ultrasonography

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FT-IR vibrational spectrum and DFT:B3LYP/6-31G and B3LYP/6-311G structure and vibrational analysis of glycinate-guanidoacetate nickel (II) complex: [Ni(Gly)(Gaa)].

The glycinate-guanidoacetate nickel (II) complex was synthesized and obtained as a crystalline powder. The characterization of this complex was performed by means of the experimental methods: CHN-O elemental analysis, atomic absorption spectrometry, thermo-gravimetric analysis and infrared spectrum. Density functional theory calculations, DFT:B3LYP/6-31G and B3LYP/6-311G, were performed for the determination of geometrical structure and vibrational assignment for the glycinate-guanidoacetate nickel (II) complex. A full discussion of the framework vibrational modes was done using as criteria the study of the distorted geometric structures generated for each one of the vibrational modes in the low energy region. As results of this research we have obtained and characterized a novel complex, glycinate-guanidoacetate nickel (II), [Ni(Gly)(Gaa)], and we deduced the most probable structure using the experimental data of the infrared spectrum in conjunction with the theoretical DFT procedures. The calculated DFT spectra in the high and low energy regions agree well with the observed ones.

Osteoartropatía hipertrófica como manifestación de enfermedad pulmonar / No disponible

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Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectra, and AB initio calculations for cadmium(II)-cysteinate glycinate complex [Cd(Cys)(Gly)].

The cysteinate glycinate cadmium(II) complex was synthesized and structural analysis was carried out using the following methods: determination of the C, H, N, S and O contents, thermogravimetry, infrared and Raman spectra. The most probable structure for the complex at a minimum of energy was calculated by the density functional theory (DFT):B3LYP/3-21G quantum mechanical method. The infrared and Raman spectra were analyzed and bands assigned through the DFT procedures, the stabilization energy being equal to: E(RB+HF-LYP)= -6442.67784a.u. Features of the infrared and Raman spectra confirm theoretical structural prediction with respect to the metal-ligand bonds: Cd-O, Cd-S and Cd-N. Full assignment of the vibrational spectra was also supported by a carefully analysis of the distorted geometries generated by the normal modes.

Farmacogenética: ¿una puerta a la esperanza en el tratamiento del tabaquismo? / No disponible

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FT-IR vibrational spectrum and DFT:B3LYP/6-311G structure and vibrational analysis of bis-serinenickel(II) complex: [Ni(Ser)2].

The bis-serinenickel(II) complex was synthesized, and the Fourier-transforms infrared spectra in the regions 4000-370 and 700-30 cm(-1) was measured. The second derivative spectra and band deconvolution analysis was also obtained. Density functional theory calculations, DFT:B3LYP/6-311G, were performed for the determination of geometrical structure and vibrational assignment for the bis-serinenickel(II) complex. A full discussion of the framework vibrational modes was done using as criteria the geometry study of distorted structures generated for the vibrational modes. Incidentally, the normal coordinate analysis was carried out for the Ni(N)2(O)2 structural fragment. The calculated DFT spectra in the high and low energy regions agree well with the observed ones.

Infrared spectrum, DFT: pBP86/DN** and NCA vibrational calculations of 2-methylthiosemicarbazide copper(II) nitrate [Cu(2MeTSC)2(NO3)2].

To elucidate tentative assignments of metal-ligand modes of thiosemicarbazide complexes, a structural study and a assignment of the normal vibrations of 2-methylthiosemicarbazide copper(II) nitrate, [Cu(2MeTSC)(2)(NO(3))(2)] have been done through the ab initio DFT: pBP86/DN** procedure, and through the normal coordinate analysis (NCA). In the vibrational calculations, the elongated CuONO(2) bonds of the nitrate groups were considered in the CS and CN tautomers of the complex. DFT calculations had revealed that the infrared spectra can be well interpreted through the CN tautomer, failing in the prediction of the -NO(2) group wavenumbers. A little difference stabilization energy for the tautomers were found: for the CN tautomer was E=-3487,36376a.u., and for the CS tautomer, E=-3473,93598a.u. The observed combination bands at 1763.0 and at 1754.0 cm(-1) are an indicative that the -NO(3)(-) groups acts as monodentate ligands. Calculations had confirmed the experimental assignment of the infrared spectrum.

Fourier-transform infrared spectrum of aspartate hydroxo-aqua nickel (II) complex and DFT-B3LYP/3-21G and 6-311G structural and vibrational calculations.

Aspartate hydroxo-aqua nickel (II) complex was synthesized and the structural analysis was carried out through the following methods: determination of the C, N, O and H contents, thermogravimetry and infrared spectrum. Several hypothetic structures were calculated by means of DFT: B3LYP/3-21G and B3LYP/6-311G quantum mechanical method. For [Ni(Asp)(OH)(H(2)O)] we have obtained the minimum of energy and no imaginary frequencies in the calculated infrared spectrum. Moreover, the experimental FT-infrared spectrum shows that the two N-H stretching follow the Bellamy-Williams relation proposed for primary amines. Coordination water bands were also observed in the infrared spectrum. For reasons of accomplishment, the Fourier transforms infrared and Raman spectra of acid aspartic were also discussed.