Changes of D-dimer, cTnI and VIS after Stanford type A aortic dissection and their predictive effect on death outcome / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the change of D-Dimer (D-D), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) after Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD) and thier predictive effect on death outcome.Methods:120 patients with TAAD who were treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from January 2019 to January 2022 were retrospectively selected and divided into death group ( n=17) and survival group ( n=103) according to the 28-day survival after operation. The difference of clinical data between the two groups was compared, and the influencing factors of postoperative death in TAAD patients were analyzed by logistic regression method. Results:The age, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time, D-D and cTnI of the patients in the death group were (60.50±5.42)years old, (30.40±9.92)min, (15.65±5.52)g/L and (3.32±0.82)mg/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the survival group (all P<0.05). The VIS score and change of VIS score in the death group at 24 hours after operation were (9.66±1.10)points and (4.50±0.91)points respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the survival group (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, D-D, cTnI and change of VIS score were the influencing factors of death after TAAD (all P<0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve predicted by the D-D, cTnI and change of VIS score for death in TAAD patients was 0.718, 0.691 and 0.789 respectively (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Postoperative death of TAAD patients is affected by their age, D-D, cTnI and change of VIS score. The D-D, cTnI and change of VIS score have certain application value in predicting postoperative death of patients.

Advances in the study of vasoactive-inotropic score in critically ill patients / 中华危重病急救医学

The degree of hemodynamic support by vasoactive drugs in critically ill patients is often considered one of the markers of disease severity. The sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation Ⅱ (EuroScoreⅡ), and other scores only roughly quantify the drug support of cardiovascular system. When patients need large doses of vasoactive drugs, the mortality increases accordingly. The vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) objectively quantifies the degree of cardiovascular support using a simple formula that standardizes the dose of different agents, and it is recommended as a simple, effective, and accurate prognostic indicator. In recent years, there are more and more clinical applications and related studies at home and abroad. This paper reviews the application and progress of VIS score in critically ill patients, providing help for doctors to judge the condition and prognosis of patients and guiding the decision-making of diagnosis and treatment.

Perioperative complications and risk factors of postoperative death in patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the perioperative complications and risk factors of postoperative death in patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).Methods:The perioperative data of 228 patients with ATAAD who underwent continuous surgery in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University from January 2013 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The complications were analyzed. According to the survival within 30 days after surgery, they were divided into death group (24 cases) and survival group (204 cases). The risk factors of postoperative death were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawed to evaluate the predictive efficacy of various risk factors on postoperative death of ATAAD patients.Results:The first three complications before operation were hypoxemia (10.1%, 23/228), pericardial tamponade (7.9%, 18/228), renal insufficiency (5.3%, 12/228), the first three complications after surgery were hypoxemia (75.8%, 173/228), renal insufficiency (26.8%, 61/228) and liver insufficiency (26.3%, 60/228). A total of 24 patients died, the fatality rate was 10.5%(24/228). Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥55 years old ( OR=7.733, 95% CI: 1.986-30.111, P=0.003), preoperative pericardial tamponade ( OR=5.641, 95% CI: 1.546-20.577, P=0.009), cardiopulmonary bypass time (CBP)≥200 min ( OR=1.008, 95% CI: 1.002-1.014, P=0.007) and postoperative renal insufficiency ( OR=5.875, 95% CI: 1.927-17.907, P=0.002) were independent risk factors for early death after ATAAD. The area under the ROC curves of joint prediction was 0.905 (95% CI: 0.820-0.950, P<0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of joint prediction were 88.4%, 76.5%, respectively. Conclusions:ATAAD has many perioperative complications and high mortality. Age≥55 years old, preoperative pericardial tamponade, CPB time≥200 min, and postoperative renal insufficiency were independent risk factors for postoperative death in ATAAD patients.

Protective effect of HO-1 transfection against ethanol-induced osteoblast damage / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays important roles in anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunoregulative activities. The aim of this study was to observe if HO-1 transfection could inhibit the damage of osteoblasts induced by ethanol. HO-1 was transfected into osteoblasts via constructed plasmid. After exposure to ethanol for 24 h, cytoactivity and apoptosis of osteoblasts were measured by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Furthermore, the oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in osteoblasts were measured. Compared to positive control group, the cytoactivity of transfected osteoblasts was significantly increased, and the apoptosis rate was significantly decreased (P<0.05). At the same time, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) level was increased (P<0.05) in the transfected osteoblasts as compared with positive controls. These results suggest that HO-1 plays a protective role in osteoblasts, and HO-1 transfection can effectively inhibit bone damage induced by ethanol.

Protective effect of HO-1 transfection against ethanol-induced osteoblast damage / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays important roles in anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunoregulative activities. The aim of this study was to observe if HO-1 transfection could inhibit the damage of osteoblasts induced by ethanol. HO-1 was transfected into osteoblasts via constructed plasmid. After exposure to ethanol for 24 h, cytoactivity and apoptosis of osteoblasts were measured by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Furthermore, the oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in osteoblasts were measured. Compared to positive control group, the cytoactivity of transfected osteoblasts was significantly increased, and the apoptosis rate was significantly decreased (P<0.05). At the same time, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) level was increased (P<0.05) in the transfected osteoblasts as compared with positive controls. These results suggest that HO-1 plays a protective role in osteoblasts, and HO-1 transfection can effectively inhibit bone damage induced by ethanol.

Two different kinds of fixation materials in repair of distal clavicle fracture:stability of reconstruction / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:For distal clavicle fracture, clavicular hook plate and Kirschner wire tension band were used in the clinic, but they cannot keep the dual function of stability and functional protection. However, the application of microporous locking plate of distal clavicle makes it possible to double efficacy. OBJECTIVE:To compare and analyze the clinical outcomes of distal clavicle microporous locking plate and clavicular hook plate. METHODS:From March 2011 to March 2013, 40 patients with distal clavicle fractures were involved in this study. They were divided into two groups with the voluntary principles:distal clavicle microporous locking plate group and clavicular hook plate group. We compared and observed perioperative indicators (operation time, blood loss, and hospitalization days), clinical curative effects (University of California at Los Angeles scoring system and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Scale), the score of shoulder joint function (Karlsson standard) and the overal treatment (removed the plate and functional training costs). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al patients successful y underwent surgery. At 1 year after surgery, internal fixators were taken out. Necessary relevant rehabilitation training was performed for more than 3 months. There was no significant difference in perioperative indicators (P>0.05). However, clinical curative effects and the score of Karlsson shoulder joint function showed significant advantages in the microporous locking plate group (P0.05). We draw the conclusion that distal clavicle microporous locking plate can effectively reconstruct the stability of the fracture site, and better retain the function of the joints at the same time.

[Online diagnosis of the conversion of methane to C2 hydrocarbons under glow discharge plasma at atmospheric pressure].

Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) was adopted for the first time by our group for in situ diagnosis of the conversion of CH4-H2 under glow discharge plasma at atmospheric pressure with rotary electrodes. The emission of excited species such as excited radicals and atoms (C, CH, C2, H and H2) was detected in the spectra range of 300-700 nm. The spectrum of hydrogen atom was used to figure out the plasma excitation temperature by a Boltzmann plot scheme. It was evaluated that the excitation temperature of hydrogen plasmas under varied discharge conditions is in the range of 6300-6600 K. The electron density was calculated based on spectral profile of H lines and its order is about 10(20) m(-3).

[Spectroscopic investigation of the argon plasma discharge in quartz capillary at atmospheric pressure].

An arc plasma discharge with a long length of 20 cm was generated in a quartz capillary between two hollow needle electrodes in argon at atmospheric pressure with use of the sinusoidal power supply operating at 45 kHz, which was characterized by a very high electron density. The spectroscopic method of optical emission was employed to diagnose the characteristic parameters of the arc plasma discharge in the quartz capillary. The gas temperature was determined by simulating the OH A-X(0, 0) vibrational band around 300 nm and comparison with measured spectrum by means of optical emission spectroscopy. Furthermore, the electron density was measured by means of Stark broadening of the profile of Hbeta at 486.1 nm. The electron temperature was determined using a Boltzmann plot method. The experiment results show that in the argon arc plasma discharge generated in the quartz capillary at atmospheric pressure, the gas temperature of plasma is about (1 100 +/- 50)K, the electron density at the gas temperature of 1 100 K is approximately 10(14) cm(-3), and the corresponding electron temperature is (14 515 +/- 500)K. This work has accumulated some significant experimental parameters for the treatment of inner surface of large length-to-radius-ratio insulated dielectric tube using plasma, and the results are of great importance to the applications of this type of atmospheric-pressure plasma discharge.

An optimal method of DNA silver staining in polyacrylamide gels.

DNA silver staining has widely been used to detect DNA fragments in polyacrylamide gels with high sensitivity. We developed an optimal method for DNA silver staining on polyacrylamide gels. The novel procedure can be completed within 10 min instead of over 20 min with the conventional methods. The sensitivity is significantly improved by the silver-ion sensitizer (Eriochrome black T (EBT)) and the minimum of 0.11 and 1.75 ng of DNA amount can be detected in denaturing and nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel, respectively. Compared with the conventional silver staining methods, the improved optimal method can save time and display high sensitivity, color uniformity, and long storage time of the staining gels.

Spatiotemporal characteristics of the collisionless rf sheath and the ion energy distributions arriving at rf-biased electrodes.

A self-consistent fluid model is proposed for describing collisionless radio-frequency (rf) sheaths driven by a sinusoidal current source. This model includes all time-dependent terms in ion fluid equations, which are commonly ignored in some analytical models and numerical simulations. Moreover, an equivalent circuit model is introduced to determine self-consistently the relationship between the instantaneous potential at a rf-biased electrode and the sheath thickness. The time-dependent voltage wave form, the sheath thickness and the ion flux at the electrode as well as the spatiotemporal variations of the potential, the electric field and the ion density inside the sheath are calculated for various rf powers and ratios of the rf frequency to the ion plasma frequency. The ion energy distributions ( IEDs) impinging on the rf-biased electrode are also calculated with the ion flux at the electrode. The numerical results show that the frequency ratio is a crucial parameter determining the spatiotemporal variations of the rf sheath and the shape of the IEDs.

[Measurement of rotational temperature in N2 DC glow discharge by optical emission spectroscopy].

Measurements of rotational temperature as low as several hundred Kelvin have been achieved using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) in nitrogen DC glow discharge. The strongest band of the first negative system of nitrogen molecule ion was chosen to determine the rotational temperature of nitrogen DC glow discharge at 4 different positions in the discharge area: back of the cathode; cathode sheath; positive column and anode glow region. In positive column the rotational temperature of N2+ increases apparently with the increasing discharge voltage from 500-1,100 V when the pressure is 10 Pa. However at pressure of 20 Pa the rotational temperature in positive column increases slightly with the increase of discharge voltage. On the contrary, the rotational temperature in cathode sheath takes reverse tendency when the discharge voltage varies from 500-1,100 V. As regard the anode glow region, the rotational temperature at 10 Pa decreases with the increase of discharge voltage, but that at the 20 Pa increases. We attribute the different changing tendencies of the rotational temperature to the different discharge status at different pressure. When the discharge voltage varies from 500 to 1,100 V, the discharge at pressure of 10 Pa is normal glow and that at 20 Pa is abnormal glow.