Skin tone ideologies, body shame, and sexual risk in Latinx young adults: The role of self-esteem.

Latinx young adults in the U.S. experience significant disparities related to body image and sexual health. These challenges partly stem from the intersections of racism, ethnocentrism, and colorism perpetuated through Eurocentric beauty standards and norms surrounding sexuality. Despite the salience of skin tone within the Latinx community, the impact of skin tone ideologies on body shame and sexual risk remains unexplored. Addressing this gap, the present study examined the influence of skin tone ideologies (i.e., colorist attraction and skin tone self-concept) on sexual risk and body shame among a sample of 539 Latinx young adults. The study also explored the potential moderating effect of self-esteem on colorist attraction and skin tone self-concept on body shame and sexual risk. Results revealed that both colorist attraction and skin-tone self-concept were positively associated with body shame. Colorist attraction was positively associated with sexual risk, whereas skin tone self-concept was not associated. Furthermore, self-esteem moderated the positive significant association between skin tone self-concept and body shame, such that the association was only significant among Latinx young adults who reported mean and high levels of self-esteem; self-esteem did not moderate any of the other study's associations. These findings inform the development of tailored mental and sexual health interventions to reduce health disparities among Latinx young adults, considering the influence of skin tone socialization.

Intersectional microaggressions, mental health outcomes, and the role of social support among Black LGB adults.

The present study explored the relationship between intersectional microaggressions (racism and heterosexism) and psychological distress outcomes among a sample of 370 Black lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults. Additionally, social support from family, friends, and significant others was examined as potential moderators. Results showed that intersectional microaggressions were associated with greater depression, anxiety, and stress. Also, a significant moderating effect for family social support was found, suggesting that Black LGB adults with higher family social support reported greater levels of depression and stress as their microaggression experiences increased compared to those with less family social support. These results highlight the deleterious effects of intersectional microaggressions on the health of Black LGB adults and important clinical considerations pertaining to the role of social support. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Parental Support, Depressive Symptoms, and LGBTQ Adolescents: Main and Moderation Effects in a Diverse Sample.

OBJECTIVE: Research has documented the importance of parental support as a protective factor against depressive symptoms among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) youth. In this study, we assessed the relations between LGBTQ-specific parental support and depressive symptoms. METHOD: Participants were 6,837 LGBTQ youth (ages 13-17) with diverse racial and ethnic, gender, and sexual identities. Main effect and moderation analyses examined interactions between LGBTQ-specific parental support with demographic variables on depressive symptoms, considering demographics as moderators. RESULTS: We found that participants of color reported less LGBTQ-specific parental support than their White counterparts, that transgender and genderqueer participants reported less LGBTQ-specific parental support than their cisgender counterparts, and that non-monosexual participants reported less LGBTQ-specific parental support than their monosexual counterparts. Disparities in depressive symptoms were found for individuals who identified as Native American and Latinx, non-monosexual, and transgender and genderqueer, such that these groups reported higher levels of depressive symptoms. Further, we found a significant interaction between LGBTQ-specific parental support and ethnicity, with LGBTQ-specific parental support being less strongly associated with participants who identified as Latinx compared to those who did not identify as Latinx. We also found a significant interaction between LGBTQ-specific parental support and gender identity, with LGBTQ-specific parental support being more strongly related to depressive symptoms among participants who did not identify as boys compared to cisgender boys . DISCUSSION: We discuss how to assess the impact of interlocking systems of oppression when working with LGBTQ youth and their parental figures.

Abordaje hemodinámico y ventilatorio en pacientes con COVID-19.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-Cov-2) is a clinical entity generated by this new virus a Coronavirus (COVID-19). Disease called COVID-19 (CoronaVIrus Disease 2019) by the World Health Organization. Its presentation is acute respiratory failure characterized by hyperinflation of the lung that leads to an increase in capillaries and epithelial permeability, with loss of ventilation of lung tissue and increases lung stiffness. These disturbances lead to imbalances between ventilation and perfusion ratio, which ultimately result in hypoxemia and impaired carbon dioxide clearance. For this review, a search of PubMed and Trip Database was performed. Due to the scarcity of publications, a specific search algorithm was not used. The objective is to review, the evidence and the recommendations of national and international experts, of the hemodynamic and ventilatory management of these patients.

El coronavirus del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave 2 (SARS-CoV-2, conocido previamente como nCoV-2019) es el agente causal de una nueva enfermedad denominada COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Su presentación es la insuficiencia respiratoria aguda caracterizada por una hiperinflación del pulmón que conduce a un incremento de los capilares y permeabilidad epitelial, con pérdida de la aireación de tejido pulmonar e incremento de la rigidez pulmonar. Estas alteraciones conducen a desequilibrios entre la ventilación y la relación de perfusión, que finalmente resultan en hipoxemia y deterioro de la depuración de dióxido de carbono. Para la presente revisión se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed y Trip Database. Debido a la escasez de publicaciones no se utilizó un algoritmo de búsqueda específico. El objetivo es dar a conocer, de acuerdo con la evidencia y las recomendaciones de expertos nacionales e internacionales, el manejo hemodinámico y ventilatorio de estos pacientes.

Manejo de la vía aérea en el perioperatorio de los pacientes infectados con COVID-19 / Perioperative airway management in patients infected with COVID-19

Resumen: La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es altamente contagiosa; su transmisión se efectúa predominantemente por propagación de gotas. De esta manera, los procedimientos durante el manejo inicial de la vía aérea y de las áreas críticas pueden generar gotas y aerosoles que incrementan el riesgo de transmisión. El propósito de este documento es realizar una recopilación reunida a corto plazo que pueda asesorar sobre el manejo de la vía aérea en pacientes infectados por COVID-19; este documento está diseñado para adaptarse de acuerdo con las políticas y guías locales.

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly contagious. Transmission is predominantly by droplet spread. Procedures during the initial handling of the airway and critical areas can generate drops and aerosols that increase the risk of transmission. The aim of this paper is to review the recommendations and guidelines related to airway management in patient infected by SARS-Cov-2.

Estenosis hipertrófica congenita del piloro: experiencia en el Hospital cayetano Heredia abril 1969 febrero 1991 / Congenital hipertrofic piloric stenosis: experience at the Cayetano Heredia Hosptal from april 1969 to february 1991

Este trabajo se realizó en el Servicios de Cirugía Pediatrica, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima. Se revisaron Historias Clínicas de abril 1969 a febrero 1991 con Diagnóstico de Estenosis Hipertrófica de Píloro (EHCP), 76 cumplieron los criterios de selección (paciente pediátrico y confirmación diagnóstica post-operatoria). El objetivo fue realizar un estudio sobre EHCP donde se resaltan los hallazgos clínicos de esta patología en un Hospital General; se muestra el porcentaje en lo referente a la palpación de la Oliva Pilorica, estableciendo asi el diagnóstico definitivo; la evaluación clínica, el tratamiento quirúrgico, la morbi-mortalidad. La edad promedio al ingreso fue de 39.11 días; relación varón/mujer: 4.4/1 (p menor 0.01); siendo primogénitos 43.42 por ciento. El 100 por ciento de los pacientes iniciaron con vómitos post prandiales, a la edad promedio de 23.73 días. Estreñimiento en 52.63 por ciento, avidez por alimento en 40.79 por ciento. La oliva pilórica se palpó en el 93.42 por ciento de todos los casos, estableciendose así el diagnóstico clínico definitivo. La palpación fue negativa en 5 pacientes siendo su diagnóstico definitivo radiológico. La anomalía congénita asociada más frecuente fue la hernia inguinal (6.58 por ciento). En todos se realizó piloromiotomía de Fredet-Ramstedt. 22.36 por ciento de los pacientes tuvieron por lo menos una complicación; siendo la mas frecuente la infección de la hernia operatoria (5.26 por ciento), hipotermia (5.26 por ciento) y la perforación iatrogénica de la mucosa pilórica (3.95 por ciento). En el 48.68 por ciento no existió vómitos post-prandiales, y la mortalidad fue 1.32 por ciento (1 de 76 pacientes)