RESUMO
Fasciolosis is a prevalent disease that significantly affects the health and productivity of cattle and causes significant economic loss. Beyond individually available studies with varying prevalence rates, there are no pooled national prevalence studies on bovine fasciolosis. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine the combined magnitude and economic significance of fasciolosis among cattle on postmortem examination. Inverse variance (I2), sensitivity analysis, funnel plots, Begg's test, and Egger's regression test were used to assess heterogeneity and publication bias. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled burden of fasciolosis among cattle. The pooled prevalence of fasciolosis among cattle on postmortem examination was 31.77 % (95 % CI=27.82-35.71). Among a total of 14,965 livers of slaughtered cattle examined in municipal abattoirs, Fasciola hepatica (54.4 %) was the predominant fluke identified compared to F. gigantica (24.6 %). Mixed infections of both species and unidentified immature flukes were detected in 12.4 % and 7.6 %, respectively, of affected livers. Regarding the severity of the pathological lesions observed, 30.5 %, 44.3 %, and 25.2 % of the livers were lightly, moderately, and seriously infested, respectively. The pooled annual economic loss attributed to fasciolosis-associated liver condemnation among cattle in 40 reported studies was approximately 40,833,983.15 ETB (6,417, 847.73 USD). Therefore, bovine fasciolosis requires integrated control methods to address its influence on animal health and economic impact.
RESUMO
Ticks and tick-borne pathogens are the main challenge to livestock production and productivity in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Ethiopia, where favorable conditions exist for the activity of various parasites due to its geographical location, climate, and biological and cultural characteristics. This study was to provide pooled estimates for individually available data on ixodid ticks, their trend comparisons, and ixodid tick grouping among cattle in Ethiopia. Cochrane's Q, I2, sensitivity analysis, funnel plot, Begg, and Egger regression tests were used to check heterogeneity and publication bias. A random effect model was used to calculate the pooled magnitude of ixodid ticks among cattle. A total of 17,161 cattle from 41 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of ixodid ticks among cattle was 64.42% (95% CI = 57.13-71.71). A total of 82,804 adult ticks belonging to three different genera of ixodid ticks, namely Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) (47.53%), Amblyomma (46.10%), and Hyalomma (6.37%), were recorded from the included studies. The general trend for the prevalence of ixodid tick infestation among cattle has decreased, from 68.65% in 2010-2015 to 60.13% in 2021-2023. In the present scenario, ixodid tick infestation range from 59.21 to 89.58% and are higher in Gambella region.
