RESUMO
The potential toxicity of the urographic contrast medium sodium iothalamate (Conray) has been tested after a bolus injection of 160 ml (66 g iodine) on patients with advanced renal insufficiency. Experiments were performed to investigate the effect of uremic plasma from 5 patients sampled before and after contrast injection on human mononuclear phagocytes cultured in vitro. To investigate the nephrotoxicity, endogenous creatinine clearance was measured before, during and after urography in 25 patients with advanced renal insufficiency (group 1) and in 9 transplanted patients with chronic kidney rejection (group 2). Uremic plasma did not exert further depressive effect on the mononuclear phagocytes after contrast injection when compared to normal plasma indicating no toxicity on this cell model. Neither did the contrast injection exert any depressive effect on creatinine clearance in any of the groups indicating no measurable nephrotoxicity. The urographic technique, particularly the control of fluid balance is found to be very important.
Assuntos
Ácido Iotalâmico/efeitos adversos , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Fagócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Núcleo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Creatinina/sangue , Creatinina/metabolismo , Rejeição de Enxerto/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Ácido Iotalâmico/administração & dosagem , Nefropatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Nefropatias/metabolismo , Falência Renal Crônica/metabolismo , Radiografia , Uremia/sangueRESUMO
The relative clearances of albumin, transferrin, haptoglobin, IgG, IgA, and IgM and the relative excretion of immunoglobin free lambda- and kappa light chains, lysozyme, and beta2-microglobulin were measured in 24 patients who had recently received renal transplants. Eleven out of 13 acute rejection episodes were predicted 1 to 5 days before the clinical diagnosis was made, and in 2 patients the clinical diagnosis of rejection and the prediction were made simultaneously. Successful antirejection therapy was followed by a decrease in protein excretion; in irreversible rejection episodes protein excretion continued to increase in spite of antirejection therapy. It is recommended that the relative clearances of IgG and haptoglobin be measured daily in patients recently treated by renal transplantation.
Assuntos
Rejeição de Enxerto/diagnóstico , Transplante de Rim , Adolescente , Adulto , Proteínas Sanguíneas , Reações Falso-Negativas , Reações Falso-Positivas , Feminino , Rejeição de Enxerto/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Testes de Função Renal , Glomérulos Renais/fisiopatologia , Túbulos Renais/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Metilprednisolona/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Monitorização Fisiológica , Proteinúria/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Tempo , Transplante HomólogoRESUMO
Goldfish were exposed to euflavine in doses of 7-100 mg/l for 1h-14 days. The treatment resulted in a reduced stainability of the brain with the Timm histochemical procedure for "heavy metals". In contrast, analysis by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry showed no significant changes in the concentrations of zinc and of copper after euflavine treatment. In the shuttle box a significant increase in general activity was found. These results, compared to earlier work with other chelating agents, indicate that such drugs do not have a uniform effect on behavior, and that they do not cause a true depletion of heavy metals in the brain.
