Effect of a superdisintegrant on disintegration of orally disintegrating tablets determined by simulated wetting test and in vitrodisintegration test.

The disintegration time is critical for characterizing orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs), according to regulatory standards. The current study aimed to assess the effect of superdisintegrants such as sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose sodium, and crospovidone on the disintegration of ODTs using simulated wetting and in vitro disintegration tests. The results showed that the wetting time of ODTs containing sodium starch glycolate and croscarmellose sodium was 17 - 21 s, but the wetting time of ODTs containing crospovidone was 9 - 12 s. In contrast, there was no significant difference in in vitro disintegration time among ODTs using different disintegrants (ca. 14 to 18 s) The quick wetting time of ODTs with crospovidone may be attributed to strong capillary characteristics of crospovidone. It is suggested that determining the disintegration time of ODTs just through simulated wetting test is insufficient and may lead to biases. As a result of the findings, it is recommended that an additional disintegration test, imitating saliva fluid absorption and tablet breaking, to provide a more precise evaluation of ODTs.

Development and optimization of Clinacanthus nutans liquid spray using a two-level full factorial design.

This study aimed to develop and optimize a topical Clinacanthus nutans liquid spray that dries quickly after spraying and has low stickiness. An experimental design was adopted to evaluate the effects of the amounts of polyvinylpyrrolidone (X1) and glycerol (X2) and the ratio of acetone:ethanol (X3) on the stickiness (Y1 ), solution viscosity (Y2), evaporation rate (Y3), and spray coverage radius (Y4) of the solution. Results revealed that all independent factors had a substantial effect on Y1 -Y3. In this model, the synergistic effect was uncommon. The optimized formulation consisted of X1 of 0.1%, X2 of 1.0%, and X3 of 59:41. The response values of Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 were 92.24 mN, 4.63 cP, 0.0959%, and 9.40 cm, respectively. The actual results were close to those predicted by the experimental design model. Therefore, the optimized topical spray formulation can be used in actual practice.