RESUMO
Les violences à l'égard des femmes commises par un partenaire intime actuel ou ancien constituent encore un grave problème humain en dépit des mesures de prévention et de traitement adoptées. Notre objectif est d'approfondir, à partir de vignettes cliniques, la compréhension des enjeux subjectifs dans le lien à l'autre. Nous avons mené une analyse de discours de 36 entretiens cliniques avec des femmes durablement victimes de diverses formes de violences physiques de la part de leurs ex-conjoints. Hormis le constat fréquent de phénomènes d'emprise dans ces liens conjugaux, nous observons, dans un cas sur deux, une difficulté majeure à subjectiver ce qui leur est arrivé. Au-delà des effets des traumatismes vécus, certaines de ces femmes semblent aliénées à des scénarios infantiles douloureux qu'elles répètent dans le lien de couple afin de les rejouer différemment ou de les résoudre.
Resumos A violência contra as mulheres cometida por um parceiro íntimo, atual ou antigo, ainda é um problema grave, apesar das medidas de prevenção e tratamento adotadas. O nosso objetivo é aprofundar a compreensão dos interesses subjetivos na ligação ao outro, com base em vinhetas clínicas. Realizamos uma análise discursiva de 36 entrevistas clínicas com mulheres que foram vítimas a longo prazo de várias formas de violência física por parte dos seus ex-cônjuges. Para além da observação frequente dos fenômenos de controle nestas relações conjugais, observamos, num caso em cada dois, uma grande dificuldade em subjetivar o que lhes aconteceu. Para além dos efeitos resultantes dos traumas que viveram, algumas destas mulheres parecem estar presas aos dolorosos cenários da infância que se repetem na relação de casal, a fim de os reproduzir de forma diferente ou de os resolver.
Despite preventive and curative measures, violence against women by a current or former intimate partner remains a serious social issue. Based on clinical vignettes, this paper seeks to deepen the understanding of the subjective issues in the relationship with the other. A total of 36 clinical interviews with women victims of various forms of physical violence by their ex-partners were investigated by speech analysis. Besides the frequent phenomena of control in these marital bonds, we observed, in one case out of two, a great difficult in subjectivize what happen to them. Beyond the effects of the traumas they have experienced, some of these women seem to be caught in the repetition of deeply painful childhood scenarios that they repeat in their marital relationships to either reproduce them differently or solve them.
La violencia contra la mujer por parte de su pareja actual o anterior sigue siendo un grave problema humano, a pesar de las medidas de prevención y tratamiento adoptadas. Nuestro objetivo es profundizar, a partir de viñetas clínicas, la comprensión de las cuestiones subjetivas en el vínculo con el otro. Realizamos un análisis de discursos de 36 entrevistas clínicas con mujeres que han sido víctimas de diversas formas de violencia física por parte de sus ex-cónyuges. Aparte de los frecuentes fenómenos de dominación en estos vínculos conyugales, en uno de cada dos casos se observa una dificultad importante para subjetivar lo que les ha sucedido. Más allá de los efectos de los traumas sufridos, algunas de esas mujeres parecen alienadas a escenarios infantiles dolorosos que repiten en el vínculo de pareja para jugarlos de otra manera o resolverlos.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Suicide is a major worldwide public health issue. Various studies showed that individual attitudes toward suicide change in a region with high suicide rate. Attitudes are one of the components of a global and complex system: social representations (SRs). AIMS: In France, the Brittany region has an abnormally high death rate due to suicides. Our research focuses on the SRs of suicide in this region. The hypothesis underlying this project is that suicide SRs are different between an area with a high suicide rate and a region less affected by suicide. METHOD: A comparative study between the Brittany and Alsace regions, with the latter showing a statistically much lower suicide rate. The persons polled responded to a three-word free-association task around the question 'For you, suicide is ?' An analysis of word frequency and evocation rank was then carried out. RESULTS: In confirmation of our hypothesis, SRs were different between Brittany and the control region. CONCLUSION: The study's results open new avenues of research, specific to Brittany, in terms of the collective or individual effects of suicides, in terms of psycho-pathological conditions - essentially on depression, and in terms of training, on the stereotypes associated with suicide.
