Wilson disease: the diagnostic challenge and treatment outcomes in a series of 262 cases.

BACKGROUND: Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder that leads to organ toxicity due to copper overload. Early diagnosis is complicated by the rarity and diversity of manifestations. OBJECTIVE: To describe the diagnostic features and response to treatment in our cohort of WD patients. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of 262 WD patients stratified by clinical presentation, complementary exams, ATP7B genotyping, and response to treatment. RESULTS: Symptoms occurred at an average age of 17.4 (7-49) years, and patients were followed up for an average of 9.6 (0-45) years. Patients presented mainly with hepatic (36.3%), neurologic (34.7%), and neuropsychiatric (8.3%) forms. Other presentations were hematologic, renal, or musculoskeletal, and 16.8% of the patients were asymptomatic. Kayser-Fleischer rings occurred in 78.3% of the patients, hypoceruloplasminemia in 98.3%, and elevated cupruria/24h in 73.0%, with an increase after D-penicillamine in 54.0%. Mutations of the ATP7B gene were detected in 84.4% of alleles. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed abnormalities in the basal ganglia in 77.7% of patients. D-penicillamine was the first choice in 93.6% of the 245 patients, and 21.1% of these patients were switched due to adverse effects. The second-line therapies were zinc and trientine. The therapeutic response did not differ significantly between the drugs (p = 0.2). Nine patients underwent liver transplantation and 82 died. CONCLUSION: Wilson disease is diagnosed at a late stage, and therapeutic options are limited. In people under 40 years of age with compatible manifestations, WD could be considered earlier in the differential diagnosis. There is a need to include ATP7B genotyping and therapeutic alternatives in clinical practice.

ANTECEDENTES: A doença de Wilson (DW) é um distúrbio autossômico recessivo caracterizado por acúmulo de cobre lesivo aos órgãos. O diagnóstico precoce é dificultado pela raridade e diversidade de apresentações. OBJETIVO: Descrever características ao diagnóstico e resposta ao tratamento em uma coorte de DW. MéTODOS: Análise retrospectiva de 262 casos de DW quanto à apresentação clínica, exames complementares, genotipagem e resposta ao tratamento. RESULTADOS: Os sintomas surgiram em uma média aos 17,4 (7­49) anos, e os pacientes foram acompanhados por uma média de 9,6 (0­45) anos. Os pacientes apresentaram principalmente formas hepáticas (36,3%), neurológicas (34,7%) e neuropsiquiátricas (8,3%). Outras apresentações foram hematológicas, renais e musculoesqueléticas. Apenas 16,8% eram assintomáticos. Anéis de Kayser-Fleischer ocorreram em 78,3% dos pacientes, hipoceruloplasminemia em 98,3%, e cuprúria elevada/24h em 73,0%, com aumento após D-penicilamina em 54,0%. Mutações do gene ATP7B foram detectadas em 84,4% dos alelos pesquisados. A ressonância magnética cerebral mostrou alterações em gânglios da base em 77,7% dos pacientes. O tratamento com D-penicilamina foi a escolha inicial em 93,6% dos 245 casos e foi trocado em 21,1% devido a efeitos adversos. Terapias de segunda linha foram zinco e trientina. A resposta terapêutica não diferiu significativamente entre os medicamentos (p = 0,2). Nove pacientes receberam transplante hepático e 82 faleceram. CONCLUSãO: O diagnóstico da DW ainda ocorre em estágios tardios, e as opções terapêuticas são limitadas. A DW deve ser considerada precocemente no diagnóstico diferencial de pessoas com menos de 40 anos com manifestações compatíveis. É necessário incorporar na prática clínica a genotipagem do ATP7B e alternativas terapêuticas à penicilamina.

Lifestyle, meal times, and sleep patterns changes in higher education professors during COVID-19: Association with non-communicable chronic diseases.

BACKGROUND: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions had to swiftly adapt and transition to remote teaching in order to maintain academic activities. However, these changes presented a number of challenges for professors, which could have negative effects on their health. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between changes in dietary and sleep habits, physical activity level, and sedentary behavior with the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among Brazilian higher education professors during the pandemic period. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study conducted using an online form. Generalized linear models, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index, were used to verify the difference between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Logistic regression models were used to predict the odds ratio (OR) for the development of NCDs according to physical activity time, sedentary behavior time, dietary and sleep patterns. RESULTS: A total of 936 professors residing across Brazil participated in the survey. The duration of sedentary behavior increased, sleep duration slightly decreased, and meal times shifted to earlier during the pandemic. A total of 22.9%of the participants reported the diagnosis of some NCDs during this period. Physical activity practice was associated with a lower risk of diseases during the pandemic, regardless of the intensity performed. On the other hand, late eating habits and excessive food consumption during the pandemic were associated with a higher risk. CONCLUSION: The results provide data that can help in the development of public policies that promote health actions to minimize the consequences associated with the pandemic period.

Anticorrosive properties of chitosan-derivatives coatings on Mg AZ31 alloy in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution.

This study describes the preparation of chitosan-derivatives coatings on AZ31 Mg alloy for corrosion protection in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS). The derivatives were prepared by reacting chitosan with natural aldehydes (vanillin, benzaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde) and the coatings were characterized by means of water contact angle, scanning electron microscopy and swelling essays. The corrosion behavior of the samples was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and hydrogen evolution essays. All derivatives present superior corrosion protection than neat chitosan and the best performance is observed for the vanillin derivative with the highest modification degree, which present hydrogen evolution rate of 0.05 mL cm-2 day-1, below the tolerance limit for biomedical application, and |Z|max in the order of 104.6 Ω cm2 even after 14 days of exposure to the corrosive solution.

Development of a Melting-Curve-Based Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay for the Simultaneous Detection of Viruses Causing Respiratory Infection.

The prompt and accurate identification of the etiological agents of viral respiratory infections is a critical measure in mitigating outbreaks. In this study, we developed and clinically evaluated a novel melting-curve-based multiplex real-time PCR (M-m-qPCR) assay targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and nucleocapsid phosphoprotein N of SARS-CoV-2, the Matrix protein 2 of the Influenza A virus, the RdRp domain of the L protein from the Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and the polyprotein from Rhinovirus B genes. The analytical performance of the M-m-qPCR underwent assessment using in silico analysis and a panel of reference and clinical strains, encompassing viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens, exhibiting 100% specificity. Moreover, the assay showed a detection limit of 10 copies per reaction for all targeted pathogens using the positive controls. To validate its applicability, the assay was further tested in simulated nasal fluid spiked with the viruses mentioned above, followed by validation on nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 811 individuals. Among them, 13.4% (109/811) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and 1.1% (9/811) tested positive for Influenza A. Notably, these results showed 100% concordance with those obtained using a commercial kit. Therefore, the M-m-qPCR exhibits great potential for the routine screening of these respiratory viral pathogens.

O ensino das lutas na formação de professores de Educação Física: uma perspectiva a partir da dialética sujeito-objeto e da experiência docente / The teaching of martial arts in physical education teacher training: a perspective from the subject-object dialectic and teaching experience / La enseñanza de las artes marciales en la formación del profesor de Educación Física: una perspectiva desde la dialéctica sujeto-objeto y la experiencia docente

RESUMO O objetivo do presente artigo é refletir a respeito dos lugares de objeto em que o conteúdo de lutas pode ocupar na experiência formativa de professores de Educação Física. Para este fim, este artigo traça um diálogo entre as noções de sujeito e objeto a partir da Filosofia de Theodor W. Adorno, no contexto da prática docente no ensino superior. Nessa perspectiva, a teoria crítica de Adorno contribui para a percepção da necessidade de pensamento e autonomia na formação de professores, observando que não é possível a concepção de um sujeito na prática sem a consideração da alteridade dos objetos em questão.

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to reflect on object places that martial arts contents can occupy in experience during physical education teacher training. To this end, I will consider Theodor W. Adorno's notions of subject and object interacting with teaching practice in higher education. In this perspective, Adorno's critical theory adds to the perception of the need for thought and autonomy in teacher training, observing that it a subject of practice without considering the otherness of the object in question is not possible .

RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre los lugares de objeto que pueden ocupar los contenidos de artes marciales en la experiencia de formación de profesores de Educación Física. Para ello, dialogo con las nociones de sujeto y objeto en la Filosofía de Theodor W. Adorno, interactuando con la práctica docente en la educación superior. En esta perspectiva, la teoría crítica de Adorno contribuye a la percepción de la necesidad del pensamiento y la autonomía en la formación docente, constatando que no es posible un sujeto de práctica sin considerar la alteridad de los objetos en cuestión.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Matrix (PRP-GM): Description of a New Technique.

Several musculoskeletal conditions are triggered by inflammatory processes that occur along with imbalances between anabolic and catabolic events. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous product derived from peripheral blood with inherent immunomodulatory and anabolic properties. The clinical efficacy of PRP has been evaluated in several musculoskeletal conditions, including osteoarthritis, tendinopathy, and osteonecrosis. When used in combination with hyaluronic acid (HA), a common treatment alternative, the regenerative properties of PRP are significantly enhanced and may provide additional benefits in terms of clinical outcomes. Recently, a new PRP-derived product has been reported in the literature and is being referred to as "plasma gel". Plasma gels are obtained by polymerizing plasmatic proteins, which form solid thermal aggregates cross-linked with fibrin networks. Plasma gels are considered to be a rich source of growth factors and provide chemotactic, migratory, and proliferative properties. Additionally, clot formation and the associated fibrinolytic reactions play an additional role in tissue repair. There are only a few scientific articles focusing on plasma gels. Historically, they have been utilized in the fields of aesthetics and dentistry. Given that the combination of three products (PRP, HA, and plasma gel) could enhance tissue repair and wound healing, in this technical note, we propose a novel regenerative approach, named "PRP-HA cellular gel matrix" (PRP-GM), in which leukocyte-rich PRP (LR-PRP) is mixed with a plasma gel (obtained by heating the plasma up) and HA in one syringe using a three-way stopcock. The final product contains a fibrin-albumin network entangled with HA's polymers, in which the cells and biomolecules derived from PRP are attached and released gradually as fibrinolytic reactions and hyaluronic acid degradation occur. The presence of leukocytes, especially monocytes and macrophages, promotes tissue regeneration, as type 2 macrophages (M2) possess an anti-inflammatory feature. In addition, HA promotes the viscosuplementation of the joint and induces an anti-inflammatory response, resulting in pain relief. This unique combination of biological molecules may contribute to the optimization of regenerative protocols suitable for the treatment of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases.

Overweight/obesity in college students: a systematic review / Excesso de peso/obesidade em estudantes universitários: uma revisão sistemática / Sobrepeso/obesidad en estudiantes universitarios: una revisión sistemática

This article aims to characterize the prevalence and the factors associated with overweight/obesity in college students, through a systematic review. For doing so, the PRISMA protocol has been utilized. Articles about overweight/obesity were selected in college students on the databases of the National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Web of Science and Scopus, it was considered the publication period from 2014 to 2019. We found 4,740 articles and 28 met the eligibility criteria. The overweight/obesity prevalence in college students varied from 9.5% to 47.0%. The Odds Ratio was the most used association measure (comparison) in studies. As characteristics that favor overweight/obesity, inadequate diet, income, male gender, low level of physical activity and family history of overweight/obesity are mentioned. The factors associated with protection against overweight/obesity were a healthy diet, regular physical activity and screen time. Finally, this review showed that university students are prone to overweight/obesity, as they have behavioral factors related to inadequate diet, low level of physical activity, income, being male, and sociocultural and family aspects due to a history of overweight/obesity. In counterpart, this review argues that healthy diet and physical activity and reduced screen time represent a health maintenance factor against overweight/obesity.

Este artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao sobrepeso/obesidade em universitários, por meio de uma revisão sistemática. Para isso, foi utilizado o protocolo PRISMA. Foram selecionados os artigos sobre sobrepeso/obesidade de universitários nas bases de dados da National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Web of Science e Scopus, considerou-se o período de publicação de 2014 a 2019. Dos 4.740 artigos encontrados, 28 atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade. A prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade em universitários variou de 9,5% a 47,0%. Dentre as medidas de associação (comparação), houve maior utilização do Odds Ratio. Como destaques os fatores associados com o sobrepeso/obesidade, cita-se a dieta inadequada, renda, sexo masculino, baixo nível de atividade física e o histórico familiar de sobrepeso/obesidade. Os fatores associados como proteção ao sobrepeso/obesidade foram a dieta saudável, prática regular de atividade física e o tempo de tela. Por fim, esta revisão mostrou que os universitários são propensos ao sobrepeso/obesidade, por apresentarem fatores comportamentais relacionados a dietas inadequadas, baixo nível de atividade física, renda, ser do sexo masculino e aspectos socioculturais e familiares em função de histórico de sobrepeso/obesidade. Em contrapartida, esta revisão sustenta que a dieta saudável e atividade física e a redução do tempo de tela representam um fator de manutenção da saúde contra o sobrepeso/obesidade.

Este artículo pretende caracterizar la prevalencia y los factores asociados al sobrepeso/obesidad en estudiantes universitarios, a través de una revisión sistemática. Para ello se ha utilizado el protocolo PRISMA. Se seleccionaron artículos sobre sobrepeso/obesidad en estudiantes universitarios en las bases de datos de la National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Web of Science y Scopus, se consideró el periodo de publicación de 2014 a 2019. Se encontraron 4.740 artículos y 28 cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad. La prevalencia de sobrepeso/obesidad en estudiantes universitarios varió del 9,5% al 47,0%. El Odds Ratio fue la medida de asociación (comparación) más utilizada en los estudios. Como características que favorecen el sobrepeso/obesidad se mencionan la dieta inadecuada, los ingresos, el sexo masculino, el bajo nivel de actividad física y los antecedentes familiares de sobrepeso/obesidad. Los factores asociados a la protección contra el sobrepeso/obesidad fueron la dieta saludable, la actividad física regular y el tiempo de pantalla. Por último, esta revisión mostró que los estudiantes universitarios son propensos al sobrepeso/obesidad, ya que tienen factores de comportamiento relacionados con la dieta inadecuada, el bajo nivel de actividad física, los ingresos, el hecho de ser varones y aspectos socioculturales y familiares debido a una historia de sobrepeso/obesidad. En contrapartida, esta revisión sostiene que la dieta y la actividad física saludables y la reducción del tiempo de pantalla representan un factor de mantenimiento de la salud contra el sobrepeso/obesidad.

Non-target molecular network and putative genes of flavonoid biosynthesis in Erythrina velutina Willd., a Brazilian semiarid native woody plant.

Erythrina velutina is a Brazilian native tree of the Caatinga (a unique semiarid biome). It is widely used in traditional medicine showing anti-inflammatory and central nervous system modulating activities. The species is a rich source of specialized metabolites, mostly alkaloids and flavonoids. To date, genomic information, biosynthesis, and regulation of flavonoids remain unknown in this woody plant. As part of a larger ongoing research goal to better understand specialized metabolism in plants inhabiting the harsh conditions of the Caatinga, the present study focused on this important class of bioactive phenolics. Leaves and seeds of plants growing in their natural habitat had their metabolic and proteomic profiles analyzed and integrated with transcriptome data. As a result, 96 metabolites (including 43 flavonoids) were annotated. Transcripts of the flavonoid pathway totaled 27, of which EvCHI, EvCHR, EvCHS, EvCYP75A and EvCYP75B1 were identified as putative main targets for modulating the accumulation of these metabolites. The highest correspondence of mRNA vs. protein was observed in the differentially expressed transcripts. In addition, 394 candidate transcripts encoding for transcription factors distributed among the bHLH, ERF, and MYB families were annotated. Based on interaction network analyses, several putative genes of the flavonoid pathway and transcription factors were related, particularly TFs of the MYB family. Expression patterns of transcripts involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and those involved in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses were discussed in detail. Overall, these findings provide a base for the understanding of molecular and metabolic responses in this medicinally important species. Moreover, the identification of key regulatory targets for future studies aiming at bioactive metabolite production will be facilitated.

Retrospective Investigation in Horses with Encephalitis Reveals Unnoticed Circulation of West Nile Virus in Brazil.

During these past years, several studies have provided serological evidence regarding the circulation of West Nile virus (WNV) in Brazil. Despite some reports, much is still unknown regarding the genomic diversity and transmission dynamics of this virus in the country. Recently, genomic monitoring activities in horses revealed the circulation of WNV in several Brazilian regions. These findings on the paucity of genomic data reinforce the need for prompt investigation of WNV infection in horses, which may precede human cases of encephalitis in Brazil. Thus, in this study, we retrospectively screened 54 suspicious WNV samples collected between 2017 and 2020 from the spinal cord and brain of horses with encephalitis and generated three new WNV genomes from the Ceará and Bahia states, located in the northeastern region of Brazil. The Bayesian reconstruction revealed that at least two independent introduction events occurred in Brazil. The first introduction event appears to be likely related to the North American outbreak, and was estimated to have occurred in March 2013.The second introduction event appears to have occurred in September 2017 and appears to be likely related to the South American outbreak. Together, our results reinforce the importance of increasing the priority of WNV genomic monitoring in equines with encephalitis in order to track the dispersion of this emerging pathogen through the country.

New relations between modification degree, swelling and impedance in anticorrosion chitosan-derivative coatings on magnesium alloy AZ31.

Environmentally friendly coatings of chitosan-derivatives with natural aldehydes were investigated for corrosion protection of magnesium AZ31 alloy. The derivatives were characterized using FTIR and UV-Vis, and the swelling degree of their films was determined in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The coated samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicated that, as the modification degree increases, the corrosion current density and the swelling degree decrease, whereas the impedance modulus increases. For the first time it was proposed relations between |Z| and swelling with the modification degree.

Evaluating the Effect of the Combat Style Congruency on Performance and Fatigability in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu: A Pilot Study.

PURPOSE: Brazilian jiu-jitsu is a martial art emphasizing ground combat with multiple ramifications to self-defense and military training. Some Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes prefer fighting on their back (Guardadors), while others preferentially adopt a standing or kneeling position (Passadors). Whether the combat scenario leading to adopt a preferential or nonpreferential combat style influences the combat outcomes remains unexplored. METHODS: In a counterbalanced design, 13 athletes performed simulated combats from either a congruent or incongruent scenario with regard to their preferred combat style. We collected combat scores from the official ranking system and measured upper- and lower-limb explosive performance before and after the combats, as well as the rating of perceived exertion and blood lactate concentrations to index fatigability. RESULTS: Passadors had greater grip strength than Guardadors (Rp2 = .23, P = .03), whereas Guardadors showed higher lower-limb performance (Rp2 = .16, P = .05). When forced to combat as Passadors, Guardadors exhibited greater grip-strength impairment and a greater increase in perceived exertion (Rp2 = .12, P = .04; Rp2 = .15, P = .05, respectively). They also had higher blood lactate concentrations (Rp2 = .19, P = .02). CONCLUSION: Guardadors exhibited greater fatigability after fighting from an incongruent combat situation compared to Passadors, presumably due to greater difficulties to adjust to the loss of initiative when restricted to a primarily defensive role. Future studies should examine how combat style congruency might affect performance and influence recovery strategies during high-level competitive events.

Good Clinical Practices on Argon Plasma Coagulation Treatment for Weight Regain Associated with Dilated Gastrojejunostomy Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: a Brazilian-Modified Delphi Consensus.

INTRODUCTION: Argon plasma coagulation (APC) alone is effective and safe at treating weight regain following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). However, technical details of the treatment vary widely among studies. Therefore, we aimed to create good clinical practice guidelines through a modified Delphi consensus, including experts from the collaborative Bariatric Endoscopy Brazilian group. METHODS: Forty-one locally renowned experts were invited to the consensus by email. Experiences of > 150 APC-treated cases or authorship of relevant articles were the eligibility criteria. An initial questionnaire with short-answer questions was distributed to the experts. The organizing committee converted the responses into statements for an online 2-day voting webinar. Consensus was defined as more than 67% of positive answers. Three consecutive voting rounds were planned with discussion and statement refinements between rounds. RESULTS: Thirty-seven experts fulfilled eligibility criteria and attended the live webinar voting. The total number of patients treated by the panel was 12,349. By the third round, all 79 statements reached consensus. The recommendations include the definition of dilated gastrojejunal anastomosis as ≥ 15 mm, minimum regain of 20% of the lost weight to indicate the APC therapy, 6 to 8 weeks as the ideal interval between ablation sessions, and stopping treatment when the stoma reaches < 12 mm of breadth. CONCLUSIONS: This consensus provides several recommendations based on a highly experienced panel of endoscopists. Although it covers most aspects of the treatment, the level of evidence is low for the majority of the statements. Therefore, bariatric endoscopists should be constantly attentive to new evidence on APC treatment.

Prevalence of negative self-rated health in university students and its relationship with the co-occurrence of risk behaviors / Prevalência da autoavaliação de saúde negativa em universitários e sua relação com a concorrência de comportamentos de risco

ABSTRACT The present study estimate the prevalence of negative self-rated health and to analyze its association with simultaneous risk behaviors (insufficient levels of physical activity, greater exposure to sedentary time and inappropriate sleep time) in students at a public university in the state from Minas Gerais, Brazil. It consists of cross-sectional study, with data collected through a questionnaire. The outcome variable was negative self-rated health. The independent variables were estimated by the questions related to the time spent on physical activity, sitting and sleep time, and these three behaviors were considered according to the risk criteria (none, one, two and three risk behaviors). The association was estimated by the Prevalence Ratios (PR), via Poisson regression. 1,110 students participated in the study. The prevalence of negative self-rated health among university students was 47.3%, and the prevalence of two risk behaviors and three risk behaviors were 41.3% and 11.3%, respectively. The simultaneous occurrence of three risk behaviors was associated with negative self-rated health in university students. The information in this study makes it possible to characterize the need for actions to promote health in the university environment.

RESUMO O presente estudo estimou a prevalência da autoavaliação de saúde negativa e analisou a sua associação com comportamentos de risco simultâneos (níveis insuficientes de atividade física, maior exposição ao tempo sedentário e tempo de sono não apropriado) em estudantes de uma universidade pública do ensino superior do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Consiste de um estudo transversal, com informações mensuradas via questionário e a variável desfecho foi a autoavaliação de saúde negativa. As variáveis independentes foram estimadas pelas perguntas referentes ao tempo despendido em: atividade física, tempo sentado e tempo de sono, e esses três comportamentos foram somados conforme os critérios de risco (nenhum, um, dois e três fatores de risco). A associação foi estimada pelas Razões de Prevalências (RP), via regressão de Poisson. Participaram do estudo 1.110 estudantes. A prevalência da autoavaliação de saúde negativa entre os universitários foi de 47,3%, e as prevalências de dois fatores de risco e de três fatores de risco foram de 41,3% e 11,3%, respectivamente. A ocorrência de forma simultânea de três fatores de risco mostrou-se associada com a autoavaliação de saúde negativa em universitários. As informações deste estudo possibilitam caracterizar a necessidade de ações na promoção de saúde no ambiente universitário.

What are the characteristics that influence the sitting time in university students? / Quais são as características que influenciam o tempo sentado em universitários?

Abstract The objective was to estimate the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, link with the university, behavioral, biological, and self-rated related to health, with time sitting in university students at federal institutions in the state of Bahia, Brazil. This cross-sectional study was carried out with university students from six institutions (Federal University "Recôncavo da Bahia", Federal University of "Bahia", Federal University of "Oeste da Bahia", University of International Integration of Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, Federal University of "Vale do São Francisco" and Federal University of "Sul da Bahia") in the state from Bahia in 2019. Time sitting in hours per day was investigated and relation sociodemographic, link with the university, behavioral, biological, self-rated of stress and health variables. Path analysis was used to apply multivariate linear regression. The significance status was 5%. A total of 1,217 university students participated of the study. The final model accounts for 6% of sitting time. Self-rated health as positive (β: -0.117; p: <0.001), increasing age (β: -0.115; p: <0.001) and physical activity practice (β: -0.113; p: <0.001) contributed to the decrease in sitting time. The increase in the amount of inadequate eating habits (β: 0.063; p: 0.032) favored the increase in sitting time. The adjustment indices were satisfactory. Concluded that self-rated health as positive, advancing age and physical activities practice were determinants of reduced sitting time, on the other hand, irregular eating behaviors favored sedentary behavior.

Resumo O objetivo foi estimar a associação entre as características sociodemográficas, de vínculo com a universidade, comportamentais, biológicas e de autoavaliação relacionada a saúde, com o tempo sentado em universitários de instituições federais do estado da Bahia, Brasil. Este estudo transversal foi realizado com universitários de seis instituições (Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco e Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia) do estado da Bahia em 2019. Foi investigado o tempo sentado em horas/dia em relação as variáveis sociodemográficas, de vínculo com a universidade, comportamentais, biológicas e de autoavaliação do estresse e saúde. Empregou-se a análise de caminhos por meio da regressão linear múltipla. O nível de significância foi de 5%. Participaram do estudo 1.217 universitários. O modelo final explicou 6% do tempo sentado. Os universitários que autoavaliaram a saúde como positiva (β: -0,117; p: <0,001), aqueles com maior idade (β: -0,115; p: <0,001) e que apresentam mais tempo de prática de atividades físicas (β: -0,113; p: <0,001) apresentaram diminuição do tempo sentado. O aumento da quantidade de hábitos alimentares inadequados (β: 0,063; p: 0,032) favoreceu o aumento do tempo sentado. Os índices de ajuste foram satisfatórios. Concluiu-se que a autoavaliação da saúde como positiva, o avanço da idade e a prática de atividades físicas foram determinantes da redução do tempo sentado, por outro lado, os comportamentos alimentares irregulares favoreceram o sedentarismo.

Abertura à experiência e preferência em obras de arte figurativas e não figurativas / Opening to experience and preference for figurative and non-figurative works of art / Apertura a la experiencia y preferencia por obras de arte figurativas y no figurativas

A arte não representacional é outra maneira de aludir à arte abstrata, sendo um estilo no qual os objetos não se parecem com aqueles que se apresentam na natureza física concreta. No último século, foram realizadas investigações experimentais sobre estética e personalidade objetivando revelar fatores contribuintes para as diferenças quanto às preferências artísticas. Este estudo explorou as associações entre abertura à experiência e preferência por arte visual. Os participantes completaram a Escala Fatorial de Abertura e classificaram a preferência por quatro imagens diferentes correspondentes à arte representativa e não representativa. A análise estatística dos dados revelou uma correlação positiva entre o fator Fantasia e a apreciação pelas pinturas abstratas (r =.20). Não foi verificada uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre essa dimensão e a apreciação de pinturas figurativas. Embora esses achados sejam exploratórios, outras medidas mais completas relacionadas às diferenças individuais e preferências artísticas poderão ser utilizadas em novos estudos no Brasil.

Nonrepresentational art is another way to refer to abstract art elating to a style in which objects do not resemble those known in physical nature. In the last hundred years some experimental investigations of aesthetics and personality have been conducted to reveal fundamental factors which contribute to differences in artistic preference. This study explored associations among openness to experience and preference for visual art. Participants completed an Openess Fatorial Scale and provided preference ratings for different paintings corresponding to representational and nonrepresentational art. The statistical analysis of the data showed a positive correlation between the fantasy factor and appreciation for abstract paintings (r =.20). Here was no statistically significant correlation between this same dimension and the appreciation for figurative paintings. Although these findings are somewhat exploratory and more comprehensive measures of individual differences and art preferences could be employed in new studies in Brazil.

El arte no representacional es otra forma de referirse al arte abstracto que se adapta a un estilo en el que los objetos no se parecen a los que se conocen en la naturaleza física concrecta. En el siglo se han llevado a cabo investigaciones experimentales sobre estética y personalidad para revelar los factores contribuintes a las diferencias en preferencias artísticas. Los participantes completaron una Escala Fatorial de Abertura a experiencia y otorgaron calificaciones de preferencia para 4 diferentes images correspondientes al arte representativa y no representativa. El análisis estadístico de los datos mostró correlación entre el factor fantasía y y la apreciación de pinturas abstractas (r =.20). No fue verificada una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre esta dimension y la apreciación de las pinturas figurativas. Aunque estos hallazgos son exploratorios y podrían emplear medidas más completas de diferencias individuales y preferencias artísticas en nuevos estudios en Brasil.

Análise da realocação do tempo sentado, sono e em atividades físicas sob a autoavaliação de saúde negativa de universitários / Analysis of the reallocation of time spent sitting, sleeping, and performing physical activities under negative self-rated heath of university students

O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar o efeito da substituição isotemporal da atividade física, do tempo sedentário e horas de sono em relação à autoavaliação de saúde (AAS) negativa em universitários de uma universidade pública do ensino superior do estado de Minas Gerais, MG, Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo de delineamento transversal, no qual os dados foram obtidos via questionário e a AAS negativa foi o desfecho deste estudo. O tempo por dia despendido em atividade física, tempo sentado e sono foram padronizados por constantes de 10, 30 e 60 minutos. O modelo de substituição isotemporal foi empregado por meio da estimativa do Odds Ratio, via regressão logística binária. O nível de significância foi de 5%. Participaram deste estudo 1.110 estudantes. Observou-se que a substituição de 10, 30 ou 60 minutos por dia de tempo sentado pela mesma quantidade de tempo em atividade física reduz as chances de AAS negativa entre os universitários. De modo geral, maiores chances de AAS negativa foram observadas ao substituir os mesmos tempos de atividade física por tempo sentado. Nenhuma associação foi observada com a realocação do tempo de sono. Conclui-se que a substituição de pelo menos 10 minutos de tempo sentado por atividade física pode reduzir progressivamente as chances de AAS negativa entre os universitários.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of isotemporal substitution of physical activity, sedentary, and sleep time in relation to negative self-rated health (SRH) in university students from a public university in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out, in which data were obtained via a questionnaire and the study's outcome was the negative SRH. The time per day spent on physical activity, sitting, and sleeping were standardized by constants of 10, 30, and 60 minutes. The isotemporal substitution model was used through the estimation of the Odds Ratio via binary logistic regression. The significance level was 5%. A total of 1,110 students participated in this study. It was observed that replacing 10, 30, or 60 minutes per day of sitting time for the same amount of time in physical activity reduces the probability of negative SRH among university students. In general, greater probability of negative SRH were observed when replacing the same times of physical activity with sitting time. No association was observed with sleep time reallocation. It is concluded that replacing at least 10 minutes of sitting time with physical activity can progressively reduce chances of negative SRH among university students.

A gestão do cuidado em saúde mental por meio de grupos terapêuticos em Una (BA) / Mental health care management by therapeutic groups at Una, Bahia / Gestión de la atención en salud mental a través de grupos terapéuticos en Una, Bahía

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar o processo do matriciamento na gestão do cuidado em saúde mental no Núcleo Ampliado da Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica (Nasf-AB) por meio de grupos terapêuticos, como forma de minimizar os problemas psicológicos dos usuários nos serviços públicos de saúde no município de Una (BA). Trata-se de um relato de experiência que utilizou a observação das ações que ocorreram em grupos terapêuticos. Os encontros aconteceram por um período de cinco meses, com um encontro mensal em cada Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF). Buscou-se observar nos grupos a forma como os profissionais de saúde e a comunidade lidavam com o sofrimento psíquico dos usuários que frequentavam as unidades de saúde, bem como daqueles com quem os agentes comunitários tinham contato frequente, realizando cobertura assistencial. O intuito foi identificar os fatores de risco presentes nas famílias e no território adscrito, além de compreender e refletir sobre as formas de minimizar o adoecimento psíquico na própria comunidade. Observou-se o funcionamento dos grupos e as discussões acerca das temáticas ansiedade, depressão, dependência afetiva, conflitos familiares, dificuldades cotidianas e estratégias para autogestão de cuidado à saúde mental. Os encontros realizados nos grupos de saúde mental fomentaram a produção de sentidos a respeito do sofrimento psíquico, reelaborando e redirecionando estratégias de cuidado e enfrentamento das adversidades cotidianas.

This experience report analyzes the matrix process of mental health care management in the Extended Center for Family Health and Primary Care (Nasf-AB) via therapeutic groups, to minimize user psychological problems in public health services in the municipality of Una, Bahia, Brazil. Data were collected by observing the actions carried out within therapeutic groups, seeking to understand how health professionals and the community coped with the psychological distress experienced by health unit users, and users that community agents frequently provided care for. Monthly meetings took place over a period of five months in each Family Health Strategy (FHS) unit. The study sought to identify the risk factors present in the families and the territory they serve, as well as to understand and reflect on ways to minimize psychic illness in the community itself. The groups conducted discussions on topics such as anxiety, depression, emotional dependence, family conflicts, daily difficulties and strategies for mental health care self-management. The meetings held within the mental health groups fostered the production of meanings regarding psychological suffering, reworking and redirecting strategies for care and coping with daily adversities.

Este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar el proceso matricial en la gestión de la atención en salud mental en el Núcleo Extendido de Salud de la Familia y Atención Primaria (Nasf-AB), a través de grupos terapéuticos, como una forma de minimizar los problemas psicológicos de los usuarios de los servicios de salud pública en el municipio de Una (Bahía, Brasil). Este es un reporte de experiencia, que utilizó la observación de acciones ocurridas en grupos terapéuticos. Las reuniones se desarrollaron durante un período de cinco meses, con una reunión mensual en cada Estrategia de Salud Familiar (ESF). Se buscó observar en los grupos cómo los profesionales de la salud y la comunidad trataban el sufrimiento psicológico de los usuarios que acudían a las unidades de salud, así como en los usuarios con los que los agentes comunitarios tenían contacto frecuente, brindándoles asistencia. Su objetivo fue identificar los factores de riesgo presentes en las familias y en el territorio, además de comprender y reflexionar sobre las formas de minimizar la enfermedad psíquica en la propia comunidad. Se observó el funcionamiento de los grupos y las discusiones sobre los temas de ansiedad, depresión, dependencia emocional, conflictos familiares, dificultades cotidianas y estrategias de autogestión de la atención en salud mental. Los encuentros realizados en los grupos de salud mental fomentaron la producción de significados sobre el sufrimiento psicológico, reelaborando y reorientando estrategias de atención y afrontamiento de las adversidades cotidianas.

Beyond 'A Clinical Lesson at La Salpêtrière': a brief assessment of André Brouillet's other paintings on medical subjects, life, and times / Além de 'Une Leçon Clinique à La Salpêtrière': uma breve apreciação das outras pinturas sobre temas médicos, vida e época de André Brouillet

ABSTRACT André Brouillet's (1857-1914) famous group tableau 'A Clinical Lesson at La Salpêtrière' (French: Une leçon clinique à la Salpêtrière) is possibly the most celebrated painting in the history of neurology. His depiction of one of Jean-Martin Charcot's legendary "Tuesday Lessons" includes portraits of not only one of the master's most famous patients, but also of his pupils, the heirs to the founder of modern neurology. However, the painter himself has long been neglected, and even his other paintings on medical subjects are little acknowledged. The authors aim to bring attention to Brouillet's life and times, as well as the remainder of his notable works; and in giving a proper context to the famous painting, neurologists today may be able to appreciate better the early history of our field and its cultural impact.

RESUMO A famosa pintura 'Une leçon clinique à la Salpêtrière', de André Brouillet's (1857-1914), é possivelmente a representação mais célebre da história da Neurologia. Seu retrato de uma das lendárias "lições de terça-feira" dirigidas por Jean-Martin Charcot inclui ainda não apenas uma das pacientes mais famosas do mestre como também seus pupilos, os fundadores da Neurologia moderna. Entretanto, o pintor propriamente dito é ainda negligenciado, e mesmo outras pinturas suas sobre temas médicos são pouco reconhecidas. Os autores trazem à atenção a vida e época de Brouillet, bem como o restante de seus outros trabalhos notáveis; dando contexto apropriado à pintura, neurologistas atuais podem compreender melhor a própria história de nossa especialidade e seu impacto cultural.

Beyond 'A Clinical Lesson at La Salpêtrière': a brief assessment of André Brouillet's other paintings on medical subjects, life, and times.

André Brouillet's (1857-1914) famous group tableau 'A Clinical Lesson at La Salpêtrière' (French: Une leçon clinique à la Salpêtrière) is possibly the most celebrated painting in the history of neurology. His depiction of one of Jean-Martin Charcot's legendary "Tuesday Lessons" includes portraits of not only one of the master's most famous patients, but also of his pupils, the heirs to the founder of modern neurology. However, the painter himself has long been neglected, and even his other paintings on medical subjects are little acknowledged. The authors aim to bring attention to Brouillet's life and times, as well as the remainder of his notable works; and in giving a proper context to the famous painting, neurologists today may be able to appreciate better the early history of our field and its cultural impact.