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2.
Anesthesiology ; 127(6): 918-933, 2017 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28872484

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Ischemic myocardial damage accompanying coronary artery bypass graft surgery remains a clinical challenge. We investigated whether xenon anesthesia could limit myocardial damage in coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients, as has been reported for animal ischemia models. METHODS: In 17 university hospitals in France, Germany, Italy, and The Netherlands, low-risk elective, on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients were randomized to receive xenon, sevoflurane, or propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia for anesthesia maintenance. The primary outcome was the cardiac troponin I concentration in the blood 24 h postsurgery. The noninferiority margin for the mean difference in cardiac troponin I release between the xenon and sevoflurane groups was less than 0.15 ng/ml. Secondary outcomes were the safety and feasibility of xenon anesthesia. RESULTS: The first patient included at each center received xenon anesthesia for practical reasons. For all other patients, anesthesia maintenance was randomized (intention-to-treat: n = 492; per-protocol/without major protocol deviation: n = 446). Median 24-h postoperative cardiac troponin I concentrations (ng/ml [interquartile range]) were 1.14 [0.76 to 2.10] with xenon, 1.30 [0.78 to 2.67] with sevoflurane, and 1.48 [0.94 to 2.78] with total intravenous anesthesia [per-protocol]). The mean difference in cardiac troponin I release between xenon and sevoflurane was -0.09 ng/ml (95% CI, -0.30 to 0.11; per-protocol: P = 0.02). Postoperative cardiac troponin I release was significantly less with xenon than with total intravenous anesthesia (intention-to-treat: P = 0.05; per-protocol: P = 0.02). Perioperative variables and postoperative outcomes were comparable across all groups, with no safety concerns. CONCLUSIONS: In postoperative cardiac troponin I release, xenon was noninferior to sevoflurane in low-risk, on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients. Only with xenon was cardiac troponin I release less than with total intravenous anesthesia. Xenon anesthesia appeared safe and feasible.


Assuntos
Anestesia Intravenosa , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/tendências , Internacionalidade , Éteres Metílicos/administração & dosagem , Troponina I/sangue , Xenônio/administração & dosagem , Idoso , Anestésicos Inalatórios/administração & dosagem , Biomarcadores/sangue , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/sangue , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Estudos Prospectivos , Sevoflurano , Método Simples-Cego , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
Thromb Res ; 134(2): 346-53, 2014 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24972846

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Obesity is suggested to reduce postoperative bleeding in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) but perioperative hemostasis variations have not been studied. Therefore, we investigated the effects of severe obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥35kg/m(2)) on chest tube output (CTO) and hemostasis in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively investigated 2799 consecutive patients who underwent coronary and/or valve surgery using CPB between 2008 and 2012. 204 patients (7.3%) presented a severe obesity. RESULTS: In the severe obesity group, the 6-h and 24-h CTO were significantly reduced by -21.8% and -14.8% respectively (P<0.0001) compared with the control group. A significant reduction of the mean number of red blood cell units transfused at 24h was observed in the severe obesity groups (P=0.01). On admission to the intensive care unit, a significant increase of platelet count (+9.2%; P<0.0001), fibrinogen level (+12.2%; P<0.0001) and prothrombin time (+4.1%; P<0.01) and a significant decrease of the activated partial thromboplastin time (-4.2%; P<0.01) were observed in the severe obesity group compared with the control group. In multivariate analysis, severe obesity was significantly associated to a decreased risk of excessive bleeding (24-h CTO >90th percentile; Odds ratio: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.82). No significant differences were observed regarding postoperative thromboembolic events between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Severe obesity is associated with a prothrombotic postoperative state that leads to a reduction of postoperative blood loss in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB.


Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos , Ponte Cardiopulmonar , Obesidade Mórbida/sangue , Hemorragia Pós-Operatória/sangue , Idoso , Coagulação Sanguínea , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Contagem de Plaquetas , Período Pós-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos , Tempo de Protrombina
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