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1.
J Invest Dermatol ; 135(1): 238-246, 2015 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25007045

RESUMO

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are the most common primary skin lymphomas, which are characterized by an accumulation of malignant T cells in the skin. The early lesion resembles both clinically and histologically benign inflammatory disorders and also presents with hyperproliferative epidermis and T-cell infiltration. Despite considerable progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the malignant transformation of T cells, the causes of the morphological and histopathological features of the disease are largely unknown. We used an organotypic model of CTCL to show that malignant T cells through the secretion of galectin-1 and -3 stimulate vigorous growth of keratinocytes. In parallel, malignant T cells induce disorganized keratinocyte stratification, resembling the early hyperproliferative stage of CTCL. We also observed a loss of attachment between the epithelial and mesenchymal compartments. In addition, hyperproliferation was followed by a downregulation of differentiation markers, such as keratin 10 and involucrin, and a decrease in barrier formation. In conclusion, we provide evidence that malignant T cells orchestrate the histopathological epidermal changes seen in CTCL.


Assuntos
Galectina 1/metabolismo , Galectina 3/metabolismo , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/metabolismo , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/patologia , Animais , Proteínas Sanguíneas , Adesão Celular/fisiologia , Diferenciação Celular/fisiologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/fisiologia , Derme/metabolismo , Derme/patologia , Epiderme/metabolismo , Epiderme/patologia , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/patologia , Galectina 1/genética , Galectina 3/genética , Galectinas , Xenoenxertos , Humanos , Queratinócitos/citologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos NOD , Camundongos Knockout , Camundongos SCID , Transplante de Neoplasias , Técnicas de Cultura de Órgãos , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo
2.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 111(39): E4066-75, 2014 Sep 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25118277

RESUMO

Aberrant expression of immature truncated O-glycans is a characteristic feature observed on virtually all epithelial cancer cells, and a very high frequency is observed in early epithelial premalignant lesions that precede the development of adenocarcinomas. Expression of the truncated O-glycan structures Tn and sialyl-Tn is strongly associated with poor prognosis and overall low survival. The genetic and biosynthetic mechanisms leading to accumulation of truncated O-glycans are not fully understood and include mutation or dysregulation of glycosyltransferases involved in elongation of O-glycans, as well as relocation of glycosyltransferases controlling initiation of O-glycosylation from Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum. Truncated O-glycans have been proposed to play functional roles for cancer-cell invasiveness, but our understanding of the biological functions of aberrant glycosylation in cancer is still highly limited. Here, we used exome sequencing of most glycosyltransferases in a large series of primary and metastatic pancreatic cancers to rule out somatic mutations as a cause of expression of truncated O-glycans. Instead, we found hypermethylation of core 1 ß3-Gal-T-specific molecular chaperone, a key chaperone for O-glycan elongation, as the most prevalent cause. We next used gene editing to produce isogenic cell systems with and without homogenous truncated O-glycans that enabled, to our knowledge, the first polyomic and side-by-side evaluation of the cancer O-glycophenotype in an organotypic tissue model and in xenografts. The results strongly suggest that truncation of O-glycans directly induces oncogenic features of cell growth and invasion. The study provides support for targeting cancer-specific truncated O-glycans with immunotherapeutic measures.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Polissacarídeos/química , Polissacarídeos/metabolismo , Animais , Adesão Celular , Diferenciação Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células , Exoma/genética , Glicômica , Glicosilação , Xenoenxertos , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout , Camundongos Nus , Camundongos SCID , Chaperonas Moleculares/química , Chaperonas Moleculares/genética , Chaperonas Moleculares/metabolismo , Mutação , Invasividade Neoplásica , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/genética , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Fenótipo , Proteômica , Transdução de Sinais
3.
J Oral Pathol Med ; 40(3): 201-7, 2011 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21342271

RESUMO

It is now recognized that the tumor microenvironment makes significant contribution to tumor progression. Activated fibroblast endothelial cells, inflammatory cells, and various extra cellular matrix components are parts of this microenvironment. Most of the activated fibroblasts are α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblast that often represent the majority of tumor stromal cells. Their production of growth factors chemokines and extracellular matrix facilitates tumor growth. Myofibroblast have been demonstrated in close to 50% of oral squamous cell carcinomas. In this review, we highlight the histological distribution of myofibroblast in oral squamous cell and the myofibroblast relation to tumor growth on prognosis.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/patologia , Miofibroblastos/fisiologia , Actinas/análise , Quimiocinas/análise , Progressão da Doença , Células Endoteliais/fisiologia , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/análise , Fibroblastos/fisiologia , Humanos , Prognóstico , Células Estromais/fisiologia , Microambiente Tumoral/fisiologia
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