A study on the influencing factors and related paths of farmer's participation in food safety governance-based on DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC model.

Farmers' participation in food safety governance is an important part of food safety social co-governance, and the accurate identification of its influencing factors and their related paths is of guiding significance to the scientific decision-making of food safety governance. The system of influencing factors of farmers' participation in food safety governance was constructed from four dimensions, and the influence network of each dimension was revealed by decision laboratory analysis (DEMATEL). The hierarchical structure and correlation path of influencing factors were determined by interpretive structural model (ISM), and the attributes of influencing factors were further classified by cross influence matrix multiplication (MICMAC). The results show that the influencing factors of farmers' participation in food safety governance can be divided into seven levels, among which the level of education and the status of village cadres are the fundamental characteristic factors. The degree of rural informatization, the intensity of government supervision, the promotion of village committees, the response of the government and the degree of disclosure of government information are the deep core factors, and risk cognition, political trust and family eating habits are special factors. Taking the importance and attribute status of farmers' participation in food safety governance into decision-making considerations is of great significance to improve the efficiency of food safety governance.

Aerobic exercise improves adipogenesis in diet-induced obese mice via the lncSRA/p38/JNK/PPARγ pathway.

Adipogenesis is one of the triggers of obesity, which is a risk factor for various metabolic diseases. Long noncoding RNA steroid receptor RNA activator (lncRNA-SRA) is closely related to adipogenesis and p38/JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase mediates lipid production by regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Aerobic exercise can be efficient in improving adiposity and losing weight. Hence, we hypothesize that aerobic exercise ameliorates obesity by affecting the SRA/p38/JNK/PPARγ pathway and downstream target genes. The broad approaches used to test hypotheses are as follows. Spectrophotometer detected C57BL/6J mice blood lipid level; hematoxylin and eosin-stained fat tissue to check the grade of epididymis fat; quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot detected messenger RNA expression and protein levels. Injected lncRNA-SRA virus vector to overexpress SRA. After 8 weeks of aerobic exercise intervention, obese mice showed significant improvements in body weight, white fat weight, lipid levels, and the Lee index. Aerobic exercise significantly inhibited the expression of SRA, activated the p38/JNK signaling pathway, further inhibited the expression of PPARγ and downstream target genes, and improved obesity. Aerobic exercise intervention improved lipid metabolism in obese mice, and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of the LncSRA/p38/JNK/PPARγ signaling pathway.

The influencing factors of opening of college sports resources in the background of national public fitness services / Os fatores que influenciam a abertura de recursos esportivos universitários no contexto do serviço público de educação física nacional / Factores que influyen en la apertura de los recursos deportivos en las universidades

ABSTRACT There are some problems such as few and old equipment in urban community sports fitness facilities, which makes it difficult for community fitness resources to continue to meet the fitness needs of community residents. The opening of university sports resources can alleviate the problem of residents' fitness difficulty to a certain extent. In order to explore the problems faced by the opening of university sports resources, this study established the analytic hierarchy process model based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Delphi law in the background of national public service of fitness, and combined with the questionnaire survey method to study the influencing factors of opening of college sports. The model modified by the Delphi method contains 6 first-level and 22 second-level influencing factors. It is found that the most important factor in the first level is the hardware factor of college sports resources, and the most important factor of the second level is the spatial layout of university sports resources. The results show that improving the hardware facilities of university sports resources, improving the management mode of sports resources, and increasing the targeted financial subsidies and tax reduction and exemption are helpful to enhance the willingness to open sports resources and improve the quality of opened sports resources. It is hoped that this study can promote the opening of college sports resources and promote the continuous improvement of the service level of sports resources.

RESUMO Há alguns problemas, tais como equipamentos antiquados e em menores quantidades em instalações esportivas na Comunidade urbana, o que dificulta que os recursos de exercícios físicos continuem atendendo as necessidades de atividades físicas dos moradores das comunidades. A abertura de recursos desportivos universitários pode atenuar, em certa medida, o problema da dificuldade dos moradores de praticar atividades físicas. A fim de explorar os problemas enfrentados pela abertura dos recursos desportivos universitários, este estudo estabeleceu o modelo de processo hierárquico analítico baseado no processo hierárquico analítico (Analytic Hierarchy Process — AHP) e na Lei Delphi no contexto do serviço público nacional de atividades físicas, combinado com o método de inquérito por questionário para estudar os fatores que influenciam a abertura dos recursos esportivos universitários. O modelo modificado pelo método Delphi contém 6 fatores influenciadores de primeiro nível e 22 fatores influenciadores de segundo nível. Constata-se que o fator de primeiro nível mais importante é o fator físico dos recursos esportivos universitários, e o fator de segundo nível mais importante é a disposição espacial dos recursos esportivos universitários. Os resultados mostram que a melhoria das instalações físicas dos recursos desportivos universitários, a melhoria do modo de gestão dos recursos desportivos e o aumento dos subsídios financeiros e a redução e isenção de impostos são úteis para aumentar a disponibilidade da abertura dos recursos desportivos e melhorar a qualidade dos recursos desportivos abertos. Espera-se que este estudo possa promover o processo de abertura dos recursos esportivos universitários e promover a melhoria contínua do nível de serviço de recursos esportivos.

RESUMEN Explorar los problemas que enfrenta la apertura de los recursos deportivos universitarios, este estudio estableció el proceso de jerarquía analítica (PJA) y la ley Delphi en el contexto del servicio público nacional de educación física, y los combinó con la encuesta por cuestionario para estudiar los factores que influyen en la apertura de los deportes universitarios. El modelo modificado por el método Delphi contiene 6 factores de influencia de primer nivel y 22 de segundo nivel. Encontramos que el factor más importante en el primer nivel es el factor hardware de los recursos deportivos universitarios, y el factor más importante del segundo nivel es la distribución espacial de los recursos deportivos universitarios. Los resultados muestran que mejorar las instalaciones de hardware de los recursos deportivos universitarios, mejorar el modo de gestión de los recursos deportivos y aumentar los subsidios financieros específicos y la reducción y exención de impuestos son útiles para mejorar la disposición a abrir recursos deportivos y mejorar la calidad de los recursos deportivos abiertos. Esperamos que este estudio pueda promover la apertura de recursos deportivos universitarios y promover la mejora continua del nivel de servicio de los recursos deportivos.

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of APE1 associated with risk and prognosis of vitiligo in a Han Chinese population.

BACKGROUND: The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of apurinic/apyrimidinicendonuclease 1 (APE1), which has been implicated in cancers and the DNA base excision repair (BER) process, have not been thoroughly investigated in association with the risks of oxidative stress-related vitiligo. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate associations between APE1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms 141T >G and 1349T >G and risk and prognosis of vitiligo. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From June 2013 to June 2015, a total of 460 vitiligo patients were randomly recruited as a case group; 200 of these patients received narrow bound ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) treatment. Meanwhile, 460 healthy controls were included as a control group. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed to explore the distribution frequencies of genotypes. RESULTS: Significant differences were detected between the case group and the control group in the frequencies of the 141T >G and 1349T >G genotypes. At 141T >G, compared with patients carrying the TG + GG genotype, male patients carrying the TT genotype aged more than 20 years with active non-segmental vitiligo, without a family history of vitiligo or other autoimmune diseases, exhibited an increased risk of vitiligo. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the TT genotype at 141T >G and the non-TT genotype at 1349T >G were independent risk factors for vitiligo development. At 1349T >G, compared with patients carrying the TT genotype, male patients carrying the TG + GG genotype aged more than 20 years with active non-segmental vitiligo, without a family history of vitiligo or other autoimmune diseases, exhibited an increased risk of vitiligo. Moreover, patients carrying 141TG + GG or 1349 TT genotypes had better photochromic effects, lower cumulative radiation doses, shorter treatment times, and earlier first photochromic times.

Gadd45a gene silencing by RNAi promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis and senescence in skin squamous cell carcinoma through the p53 signaling pathway.

Skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is generally considered as nonaggressive lesions and mainly caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Gadd45a is a key component protecting skin against UV-induced tumors. For that, the study aims to investigate the mechanism of Gadd45a gene silencing on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and senescence in nude mice with skin SCC through the p53 signaling pathway. Healthy nude mice was collected as the normal group and 40 nude mouse models of skin SCC were successfully established as the model group, which were sub-divided into five groups. The incidence, size, and weight of SCC tumor of nude mice were observed. The mRNA expression of Gadd45a, Cyclin B1, MMP-2, Bcl-2, and Bax were determined by RT-qPCR. Cell viability, cell cycle and apoptosis, cell senescence were detected by MTT assay, flow cytometry, and ß-galactosidase staining, respectively. The levels of inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by using ELISA. The protein expression rate of mutant p53 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Mice transfected with siGadd45a showed increased tumor incidence, size, and weight. Cells transfected with siGadd45a showed decrease in expression of Gadd45a and Bax; and increase in expression of Cyclin B1, MMP-2, and Bcl-2, expression of mutant p53, IL-1α, IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α, and VEGF. Cell apoptosis and senescence were inhibited, while cell viability and proliferation were promoted after siGadd45a treatment. The results reveal that Gadd45a silencing increases tumor cell proliferation and reduces apoptosis and senescence through the p53 signaling pathway in skin SCC.

Chikusetsu (CHI) triggers mitochondria-regulated apoptosis in human prostate cancer via reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.

The prostate cancer prognosis is still not fully understood. Chikusetsu saponin Iva (CHI), isolated from Aralia taibaiensis, shows anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, in our study, we attempted to explore the efficiency and the possible molecular mechanism by which CHI may suppress prostate cancer. CHI was found to inhibit prostate cancer cell proliferation and induce cell death without cytotoxicity in prostate normal cells. CHI resulted in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and induced apoptosis regulated by mitochondria in vitro studies. CHI-caused apoptosis was shown in both caspase-dependent and -independent manner, which released cyto-c, enhancing caspases expression and promoting apoptosis-inducing factors (AIF) as well as endonuclease G (Endo G) nuclear transfer, respectively. Moreover, in vivo study showed that prostate tumor was inhibited by CHI administration through apoptosis induction. Thus, the results illustrated that CHI might be an effective therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer treatment in future.

microRNA-130a Promotes Human Keratinocyte Viability and Migration and Inhibits Apoptosis Through Direct Regulation of STK40-Mediated NF-κB Pathway and Indirect Regulation of SOX9-Meditated JNK/MAPK Pathway: A Potential Role in Psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder. The aim of this study was to determine a potential role of microRNA (miR)-130a in psoriasis, and underlying mechanism. Expression levels of miR-130a in psoriasis specimens and normal skin tissues were analyzed. MiR-130a mimic, inhibitor, miR-control, small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific serine/threonine kinase 40 (STK40), or sex-determining region Y chromosome-box 9 (SOX9) were transfected to human keratinocyte HaCaT cells, respectively. After transfection, the cell viability, apoptosis, and migration were determined. Luciferase reporter assay, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and western blot were performed to explore whether STK40 was a target of miR-130a. The effects of aberrant expressions of miR-130a, STK40, or SOX9 on key proteins of NF-κB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway were assessed. The miR-130a levels were significantly higher in patients with psoriasis compared to the healthy controls (p < 0.01). Overexpressing miR-130a strikingly promoted HaCaT cell viability and migration and inhibited apoptosis (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). We confirmed that STK40 was a direct target of miR-130a, and STK40 was involved in miR-130a-induced cell functions. Overexpressing miR-130a significantly upregulated NF-κB p65, SOX9, p-c-Jun, p-JNK, and p-p38MAPK proteins and silencing miR-130a downregulated them. In addition, silencing STK40 alleviated the effects of anti-miR-130a on SOX9 expression. Furthermore, silencing SOX9 also decreased levels of p-c-Jun, p-JNK, and p-p38MAPK proteins. MiR-130a regulates human keratinocyte HaCaT viability, migration and apoptosis might be by direct regulation of STK40-mediated NF-κB pathway and by indirect regulation of SOX9-mediated downstream JNK/MAPK signaling pathway.

Haptoglobin protein and mRNA expression in psoriasis and its clinical significance.

The present study aimed to explore the association between haptoglobin protein and mRNA expression and psoriasis. A total of 138 patients with psoriasis that were undergoing therapy at Linyi People's Hospital (Linyi, China) between January 2011 and January 2015 were enrolled in the present study. The mRNA expression levels of haptoglobin were detected by in situ hybridization; immunohistochemistry was used to detect haptoglobin protein expression; and double­labeling immunofluorescence was used to count Langerhans cells; western blotting was also conducted to determine protein expression. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to assess the diagnostic value of haptoglobin for psoriasis. Compared with the normal and negative control (NC) groups, the mRNA expression levels of haptoglobin were markedly increased in the experimental group (P<0.05). Haptoglobin protein expression was also markedly increased in the experimental group compared with in the normal and NC groups (P<0.05). Conversely, there was no significant difference in haptoglobin expression between the NC group and the normal group (P>0.05). The critical value of haptoglobin mRNA in the diagnosis of psoriasis was 2.93, and sensitivity and specificity were 91.3 and 73.6%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve was 0.883 [95% confidence interval (CI)=0.837­0.929]. The critical value of haptoglobin protein in the diagnosis of psoriasis was 0.995, and sensitivity and specificity were 76.1 and 99.9%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve was 0.926 (95% CI=0.837­0.929). The present study demonstrated that the mRNA and protein expression levels of haptoglobin were increased in patients with psoriasis. Haptoglobin mRNA and protein expression were closely associated with the occurrence of psoriasis; therefore, haptoglobin may be considered a promising novel clinical indicator for the diagnosis of psoriasis.

NH3 formation and destruction during the gasification of coal in oxygen and steam.

This study was conducted to investigate the formation and destruction of NH3 during the gasification of coal in atmospheres containing O2 and steam. A Victorian brown coal was gasified in a novel bench-scale fluidized-bed/ fixed-bed reactor at 800 degrees C in atmospheres containing 2000 ppm O2, 15% H2O, or 2000 ppm O2 + 15% H2O. A NH3 standard gas was also used to study the destruction of NH3 in the gas phase and through gas-solid interactions. Sand, char, and coal ash were all found to enhance the destruction of NH3. An atmosphere containing O2 alone does not favor the conversion of char-N into NH3 but favors the destruction of NH3 through various mechanisms. The introduction of H2O into the gasification system greatly favors the conversion of char-N into NH3 and inhibits the destruction of NH3. The formation and destruction of NH3 in an atmosphere containing 15% H20 was similar to that in an atmosphere containing 15% H20 and 2000 ppm 02, indicating the dominant effects of steam in the formation and destruction of NH3 in a gasifier.