RESUMO
Background: Our main objective is to apply bioinformatics in predicting the efficacy of digestive tumour immunotherapy target TIM-3 and its inhibitors. Methods: Our study used the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database to identify datasets associated with digestive tumours and the action of TIM-3. The GSE427729 dataset based on the GPL10192 platform. The dataset consisted of six samples of total RNA derived from TIM-3 control and knockdown RAW 264.7 cells. We used GEO2R tool to identify DEGs before performing Gene Ontology and identifying the kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways. Lastly, we determined the PPI networks to identify hub genes. Results: Our study identified 57 differentially expressed genes based on an adjusted p-value of less than 0.05 and a log2 fold change of 2.0. There were 26 down-regulated genes with 31 up-regulated genes while 22, 404 genes were non-significant. The DEGs were enriched in biological pathways such as activating leukocytes, cells, and development of the immune system. Additionally, we identified four significant KEGG pathways that were implicated in digestive tumour immunotherapy and TIM-3; pathways of pancreatic cancer, NF-Kappa B signalling pathway, Toll-like receptor signalling pathway and C-type lectin receptor signalling pathway. The PPI networks identified 10 hub genes that were implicated in digestive tumour immunotherapy target TIM-3 (Myd88, Traf6, Irf7, Cdk4, Ccnd2, Mapkap1, Prr5, Mpp3, Serpinb6b and Pvrl3). Conclusion: Targeting these biological pathways, KEGG pathways, molecular functions and cellular processes can lead to novel therapeutic treatment and management in digestive tumours based on TIM-3 immunotherapy.
RESUMO
Regional high-quality coordination plays a crucial role in promoting high-quality national development. Guangdong province is a trailblazer in China's reform and opening-up policies and high-quality development. This study analyzes the high-quality development of the economic, social, and ecological environments from 2010 to 2019 in Guangdong with the entropy weight TOPSIS model. Meanwhile, the coupling coordination degree model is used to investigate the spatial-temporal pattern of the coupling and coordinated development of the three-dimensional system in 21 prefecture-level cities. The results show that the high-quality development index of Guangdong increased from 0.32 to 0.39, a 21.9% increase during 2010-2019. The Pearl River Delta had the highest value of the high-quality development index, whereas Western Guangdong had the lowest level in 2019. Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, and Dongguan are the core cities in the high-quality development of Guangdong, with the index decreasing from the Pearl River Delta estuary cities to the province's edge. We also found that the coupling degree and coupling coordination of high-quality development of the three-dimensional system grew slowly during the study period. Half of the cities in Guangdong entered the stage of benign coupling. Except for Zhaoqing, all cities in the Pearl River Delta have a high coupling coordination degree of high-quality development of the three-dimensional system. This study provides valuable references for the high-quality, coordinated development of Guangdong province and some policy suggestions for other regions.
