[Surgical treatment of patients with cranio-cerebral trauma and the role of neurological symptoms in the prognosis of its outcomes]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie bo'lnykh s cherepno-mozgovoi travmoi i ro'l nevrologicheskoi simptomatiki dlia prognozirovaniia iskhodov.

Under examination there were 411 patients with cranio-cerebral traumas. A unified method was used at different medical institutions in order to study questions of prognosis of the outcomes. Surgical treatment was used in 117 of them. The investigations have shown that the state of trance-coma both before operation and in the postoperative period is absolutely unfavourable prognostically. The state of trance-coma and the value of 15 scores and less should be taken into consideration as a contraindication for the solution of the question of operation in patients with cranio-cerebral traumas.

[Traumatic cerebral infarct]. / Travmaticheskii infarkt golovnogo mozga.

The clinical variants of traumatic cerebral infarction (TCI) were studied according to the results of computed tomography. It was found that TCI was encountered in 3.3% of patients with craniocerebral trauma. The localization and mechanism of the development of the ischemic lesion were determined by the character of the traumatic changes in the brain. Compression of the cerebral vessels and reduced perfusion pressure in intracranial three-dimensional processes are important in the pathogenesis of TCI. Computed tomographic studies must be repeated in order to establish the diagnosis of TCI.

[Surgical treatment of the carpal tunnel syndrome]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie sindroma zapiastnogo kanala.

The carpal tunnel syndrome was encountered in 2,727 patients, in 71% of them it was bilateral. Operations were conducted on 865 (18.6%) of the 4,663 affected hands. Operations for incision of the flexor retinaculum were conducted under local anesthesia, usually at out-patient hospitals. Additional interventions were performed in some patients: freeing the muscular branch of a nerve, resection of the edges of the flexor retinaculum, freeing the nerve from adhesions, endoneurolysis, resection of the tendon sheaths. Analysis of the results showed that manipulations on the nerve trunk are rarely indicated, while resection of the tendon sheaths is not justified. The working capacity was restored in 89.5% of patients in 25-45 days and in 7.4% - in the first 6 months. Early and late recurrences were observed in 3.1% of patients and called for a second operation.

[Surgical treatment of peripheral nerve compression syndromes]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie kompressionnykh sindromov porazheniia perifericheskikh nervov.

Among 12,476 patients with diseases of the peripheral nervous system 54.3% had radical syndromes, 16.3% had acute injuries of the nerves, 25.2% had entrapment syndromes, 3.8% suffered from polyneuropathies and other diseases. Entrapment syndromes were encountered in 3143 patients. Carpal, ulnar, and tarsal canal syndromes, thoracic outlet syndrome, and syndromes of entrapment of the radial and peroneal nerves prevailed. A total of 763 operations were performed for the entrapment syndromes. The distribution of the syndromes and operations is shown in the table. From 10 to 20% of patients with tunnel syndromes needed surgical treatment. From 12 to 34 upper extremities were operated on annually per 100,000 population for the carpal tunnel syndrome; 90% of the operations were performed at out-patient clinics. Interfascicular neurolysis by means of microsurgical techniques was conducted mainly in the cubital tunnel syndrome. Operations in entrapment lesions are marked by high efficacy.

[Structure of diseases of the peripheral nervous system]. / O strukture zabolevanii perifericheskoi nervnoi sistemy.

The structure of peripheral nervous system diseases is reviewed by analyzing 941 in- and outpatient case histories. Of this number, 57.34% of the patients had radicular syndromes, 16.17%, acute injuries of nerves and plexuses, and 22.66%, tunnel and other compression syndromes. Cases of polyneuropathy and other disorders accounted for only 3.83%. A total of 21.46 cases with nontraumatic mechanical damage to nerves are analyzed in detail. In 87.88%, these syndromes involved upper and in 12.12% lower extremities. Syndromes of the carpal canal (43.01%), ulnar canal (14.72%), cervical neurovascular compression (12.95%), and tarsal canal (5.08%) occurred most frequently. A wide variety of other syndromes made up only 24.24% of all compression syndromes.