Helicobacter pylori infection and its associated factors among dyspepsia patients attending Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, 2020.

INTRODUCTION: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common bacterial infections of humankind that affects more than 50% of the world's population. It has been implicated as an important agent in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Data regarding its prevalence using stool antigen test is scarce in Ethiopia. Hence, the main aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among dyspeptic patients using stool antigen test and assessing the potential risk factors. METHODS: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on 373 dyspepsia patients. Data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire. SPSS Version 23 for Windows software was used for summarization and analyses of data. Bivariate analysis was conducted to detect the association between dependent and independent variables, and all candidate variables were entered into multivariate logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05. RESULT: More than one-third (34%) of dyspepsia patients were positive for H. pylori stool antigen test. Having greater than or equal to four children in the house [AOR = 7.5 95% CI (1.7, 33.6) p = 0.008)], absence of latrine for the house hold [AOR = 4.3 95% CI (1, 17.8), p = 0.043 and drinking of river water [AOR = 12.5 95% CI (1.5, 105), p = 0.021] were predictors of H-pylori infection. CONCLUSION: More than one-third of dyspepsia patients were positive for H-pylori infection. Overcrowding and poor hygienic conditions are the main risk factors of H-pylori infection.

Prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia among HAART treated and HAART naive HIV positive clients attending Debre Tabor Hospital, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.

Background: Highly active anti-retroviral therapy has been reported to be associated with a number of side effects in human immunodeficiency virus patients among which dyslipidemia isa common metabolic disorder. Methods: A Hospital based comparative cross-sectional study among 228 HIV positive patients was conducted from July to August 2020. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using structured questionnaires. Fasting venous blood sample was collected and analyzed for Lipid profiles. EDTA sample was analyzed for CD4+ T cell determination. Anthropometric measurement was done. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Independent t-test was done. Logistic and binary regression was done. Result: A total of 228 HIV patients were enrolled in the study. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in HAART naive and HAART treated patients was 61 (53.5%) and 84 (73.7%), respectively. The prevalence of Total Cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl was 50% and 30%; High density lipoprotein cholesterol <40 mg/dl was 43.8% and 36%; Low density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥130 mg/dl was 48.3% and 28.1%; and Triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dl 59.6% and 39% among HAART treated and HAART naive, respectively. Age greater than 40 years (AOR = 3.27, 95% C.I: 1.47-7.25), blood pressure ≥140/90 (AOR = 16.13, 95% C.I: 5.81-44.75), being on HAART (AOR = 2.73, 95% C.I: 1.35-5.53) and body mass index >25 kg/m2 (AOR = 1.92, 95% C.I: 1.20-4.81) were identified as determinants of dyslipidemia. Conclusion: The mean value of lipid profile was significantly higher among HAART treated as compared to those HAART naive HIV positive clients.