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INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Primary urachal adenocarcinoma (PUA) is a rare form of cancer that arises from the urachus, a vestigial remnant of the allantois and cloaca during embryonic development. The exact pathogenesis of PUA is not well understood, but it is believed to arise from glandular epithelium remnants within the urachus. The rarity of this type of cancer makes it difficult to comprehensively study its epidemiology. CASE PRESENTATION: This case report describes a 47-year-old male patient who presented with intermittent painless hematuria and fatigue for two months. Cystoscopy showed a single growth at the dome of the urinary bladder, and abdominopelvic CT scan with contrast revealed a 3*2 cm enhancing growth at the dome of the bladder suspicious of urachal origin tumor. The patient was diagnosed with urachal adenocarcinoma (PT2) after pathological examination. The patient underwent partial cystectomy and umbilicectomy. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Patients with PUA often present with nonspecific symptoms that can delay the diagnosis. The most common symptom is hematuria, which is present in approximately two-thirds of the patients. The diagnosis of PUA is challenging and relies on a combination of clinical presentation, imaging, and histopathological examination. CONCLUSION: The mainstay of treatment for PUA is surgical resection, which may include partial cystectomy or radical cystectomy with en bloc resection of the urachus and umbilicus. It is esential to report all cases of primary urachal adenocrcinoma.
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INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Congenital ureteral stricture is a rare cause of antenatal hydronephrosis. Early diagnosis and treatment is important to prevent progressive loss of renal function. CASE PRESENTATION: This is a case report a 5 month old infant with obstructed hydronephrotic solitary kidney detected during antenatal ultrasound. She was operated, and Intraoperative finding was proximal ureteric stricture and it was managed by pyeloplasty. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Congenital anomalies of the urinary tract and kidney are the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in children. Congenital ureteral stricture is commonly misdiagnosed as ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction preoperatively. The most common location for congenital ureteral stricture is the mid ureter, but there are a few case reports of congenital ureteral stricture occurring in the proximal ureter. CONCLUSION: Ureteral stricture is usually associated with other urological anomalies such as, multi-cystic dysplastic kidney, mega ureter, and renal agenesis So diagnosis should not be delayed in such cases to prevent progressive loss of renal function, and end stage renal disease.
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INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Crossed fused renal ectopia is one of the rare congenital anomalies in which a kidney is found on the side opposite to its normal anatomical location and is fused with the contralateral kidney. Most patients are asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. CASE PRESENTATION: In this case report we present a 60 year old woman diagnosed with a left to right crossed fused renal ectopia with fusion of the left kidney to the inferior pole of the right kidney. The patient presented with vague abdominal pain and diagnosis was made with abdominal ultrasound and CT urography. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Though usually asymptomatic, a number of anomalies and complications can be associated with crossed fused renal ectopia including obstruction, stone disease, and tumors. Evaluation and diagnosis usually requires cross sectional imaging. Patients who are asymptomatic and without complications can be managed conservatively. CONCLUSION: Crossed fused renal ectopia is one of the rare congenital anomalies which can be associated which needs cross-sectional imaging for adequate evaluation. Associated anomalies and complications should be carefully looked for since management depends on it.
