Resilience and its associated factors among older disaster survivors.

Resilience is a valuable resource in attaining a productive life as well as successful and healthy aging. Little is known about how older people who have experienced the impacts of disasters have fared, especially after earthquakes, in the long term. This cross-sectional analytical study aimed to identify resilience and its associated factors among 324 older disaster survivors. Accordingly, participants reported having an intermediate level of resilience (48.5%), followed by low (28.7%) and high (22.8%) levels. Age, marital status, literacy status, current regular personal income, current health problem, frequent visits to health care centers, perceived quality of life changes after earthquakes, and perceived social support had a statistically significant association with resilience accounting for 33% of the variance in resilience. Nurses, mental health professionals, and other health care practitioners should consider these findings for promoting the resilience of older disaster survivors and develop multidimensional interventions for their disaster preparedness.

Disaster preparedness among nurses of developing countries: An integrative review.

BACKGROUND: Nurse preparedness and prompt response are essential to save lives and reduce the consequences of disasters and emerging pandemics. This paper aimed to synthesize the available evidence that demonstrates the adequacy on disaster preparedness among nurses in developing countries. METHODS: Five stages of the integrative review approach were employed. Seventeen articles from 2010 to 2019 were selected using different databases after a quality appraisal performed by two researchers independently. The findings were summarized and synthesized based on the themes concerning disaster preparedness among nurses. RESULTS: The major themes emerged were disaster knowledge and perceived self-preparedness. Nurses were found to have a weak-to-average or a low-to-moderate level of disaster preparedness based on their knowledge and perception. Education and training were discovered to be vital factors, often requiring a variety of strategies, for the enhancement of the nurses' preparedness level. CONCLUSION: This review concludes that nurses in developing countries remain inadequately prepared on all domains of disaster nursing competencies. Therefore, providing well-designed disaster nursing educational packages, training manuals, and support to attend disaster drills or partake in actual disaster events are essential to the enhancement of disaster preparedness and the retention of relevant skills among nurses in all sectors.

Phenomena of Psychological Sufferings Among Nepalese Stroke Survivors and Analysis of Applicability of Samkhya Philosophy for Enhancing Their Psychological Wellbeing.

INTRODUCTION: Psychological suffering is commonly found among stroke survivors, particularly in the acute stage. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the phenomenon of psychological sufferings of stroke survivors and analyze the applicability of Samkhya philosophy for enhancing their psychological wellbeing. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted at a university hospital of Nepal among 16 stroke patients in the acute stage, selected by purposive sampling. Data collection was done by using semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using deductive content analysis. Additionally, the analysis of Samkhya philosophy was done by using descriptive literature review from online databases. RESULTS: Stroke survivors in the acute stage experienced psychological sufferings, which were analyzed as intrinsic, extrinsic, and divine based on Samkhya philosophy. The intrinsic sufferings were (a) shock and denial with a sudden loss of normal body function, (b) worry about the possibility of lifelong disability and future life, and (c) fear and concern about the consequences of the disease to self. The extrinsic sufferings consisted of (a) worry when thinking about dependent family members and (b) feelings of making trouble or being a burden to the family members because of their dependency. The divine suffering consisted of feeling of being a burden caused by distress resulting from an inability to perform religious rituals. Samkhya philosophy explains the methods of relieving these sufferings by using yoga practice. CONCLUSION: Psychological sufferings are prevalent among Nepalese stroke survivors, and Samkhya philosophy might be one of suitable strategies to relieve these sufferings of the Hindu stroke survivors in the acute stage, and promote their psychological wellbeing. This study recommends integrating yoga in caring for stroke patients in the acute stage to promote psychological wellbeing.

Factors enhancing resilience among older adults experiencing disaster: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Resilience is important to adapt and deal with difficult situations, particularly in a disaster, yet its related factors among older adults are unknown. This study aimed to synthesize the factors enhancing resilience among older adults experiencing disaster. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted using international databases, i.e., CINAHL, ProQuest, JAMA Network, SCOPUS, Ovid, PubMed, and Google Scholar since 2000. The studies were independently appraised by two authors using a quality appraisal tool and the parallel-results convergent synthesis design was adopted for the synthesis. RESULTS: Five articles related to technological disasters, hurricanes, floods, and typhoons were included for review. Consideration for methodological strengths was limited in some studies. The factors enhancing the resilience of older adults were categorized into (1) demographic, (2) physical, (3) psychological, (4) spiritual, and (5) socio-cultural factors. The studies revealed that previous experience, social support and spirituality were the common factors. CONCLUSION: Five factors related to resilience should be considered by nurses and other health professionals when caring for older adults experiencing disasters. Due to limited robust evidence and the diverse contexts of the selected studies, future research remains important to enhance the older adults' resilience in long term care.

Psychosocial Problems among School Going Adolescents in Nepal.

BACKGROUND: Psychosocial problems refer to the difficulties faced by adolescents in different areas of personal and social functioning. Adolescents are vulnerable to psychosocial problems because of physical and physiological changes that occur in their body during this developmental stage. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify psychosocial problems among school going adolescents in Nepal. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was adopted. Nonprobability convenient sampling technique was used for selecting 287 adolescents. Ethical approval was taken from Nepal Health Research Council and self-administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data collection was done in 2016. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The findings of this study show that 12.9 percent of adolescents had psychosocial problems. While categorizing psychosocial problems, the adolescents had internalizing problems (44.6%), attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) (25.8%), and externalizing problems (4.2%). There is association of age group and parent's marital status with psychosocial problems. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that psychosocial problems (i.e., internalizing problems, ADHD, and externalizing problems) were prevalent among Nepalese school adolescents. Adolescents' age group and parent's marital status are associated with psychosocial problems. This study recommended that school authority, health professionals, and other professional related to child health and mental health should play an important role for the prevention and earlier recognition of and intervention for psychosocial problems.

Predictors of organizational commitment among university nursing Faculty of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal.

BACKGROUND: Increasing work efficiency, improving psychological health, decreasing turnover, turnover intention, and absenteeism may be dependent on organizational commitment of an employee. This study was carried out to identify the predictors of organizational commitment among university nursing faculty within Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted based on a sample of 197 nursing faculty selected from 18 nursing colleges affiliated to 5 universities in Kathmandu Valley by using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Structured questionnaires regarding socio-demographic information, perceived faculty developmental opportunity, job satisfaction, perceived organizational support, and organizational commitment were used for data collection. Double data entry and data cleaning were done by using Epi-data software; and data analysis was carried out with SPSS version 16 software. Binary regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of organizational commitment and the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was also calculated. RESULTS: The findings of this study showed that a majority of respondents had moderate level of organizational commitment (68%) followed by high level (29%) and low level (3%). This study also revealed that the nursing faculty who had a master's degree in nursing, a permanent appointment, and job satisfaction had a high level of organizational commitment. On the contrary, this study also revealed that the nursing faculty who were in the position of assistant instructor to assistant lecturer level and more than 5 years of work experience within same organization were less likely to have a high level of organizational commitment. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing faculty within Kathmandu Valley have a moderate level of organizational commitment. The predictors of organizational commitment are higher education in nursing, position, type of appointment, current organizational tenure, and job satisfaction. Therefore, an organizational authority must pay attention to the modifiable predictors of organizational commitment to enhance organizational commitment of its nursing faculty. This will help to reduce faculty turnover, increase quality of teaching and student's satisfaction.