[Raman spectroscopy and its application in different areas of medicine]. / Ramanovskaya spektroskopiya i ee primenenie v stomatologii.

The aim of the review is to learn about the areas of application of the Raman spectroscopy in medicine, particularly in dentistry. The method is widely used in biology, medicine, pharmacy, forensic science, gemology, food industry and other industries. The main advantages of Raman spectroscopy are no need for sample preparation and small amounts of the object of study, as well as the ability to contactlessly obtain unique information about the conformation and microenvironment of living cell molecules. The disadvantages are high costs of the equipment that are compensated with the long-term use by having no costs for additional reagents. The combinatorial scattering is used in dermatology, as it is a high-accuracy automated method of visualization and diagnostics of both benign growths as pigmented nevus, seborrheic keratosis, and malignant neoplasms as melanoma and basal cell carcinoma. This method is an analytical tool for diagnosing various diseases, making the direct measurements in hard and liquid media easier, does not require special treatment of samples and is not sensitive to absorption bands. The Raman spectroscopy use in dentistry allows diagnosing and comparative analysis of the changes of hard tissues of teeth and mucous membrane of the mouth, which improves security and rationalization of treatment and further prevention of complications before and after making different operations.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE DERMATENSION METHOD IN THE RECONSTRUCTIVE-RECOVERY SURGERY OF DEFECTS OF SOFT TISSUES OF VARIOUS ETIOLOGY.

The problem of treating patients with loss of the skin and with a complicated course of the wound process remains topical. The problem is that, despite the relative technical simplicity of the dermatension method, the most significant complication is the decubitus of the stretchable flap, which is associated with a relatively high incidence of acute blood circulatory disturbances in the stretch tissues due to vascular compression with an excessive amount of injected fluid. The aim of the work is to improve the method of dermatension in reconstructive and recovery surgery of soft tissue defects of various genesis by planning and implementing dermatension at all its steps with instrumental control of the process using ultrasound and ICT in a complex. The results of surgical treatment of patients with a wound defect of different etiology of the scalp with which dermatension was performed in order to obtain additional plastic material in the burn center of the Kharkov City Clinical Hospital of Emergency and Urgent Care. prof. A.I. Meshchaninov for the period 2016-2018. There were only men aged 30 to 60 years among the patients. The average age of the operated patients was 45 years. In the first stage of dermatension, after filling the implanted expander with NaCl 0.9% physiological solution to achieve hemostasis, ultrasound was performed on the first day to measure the thickness of the cutaneous flap above the balloon and ICT (using the FLIR ONE Gen3 Pro thermal imager), to determine the state of the blood circulation above its dome. 10 days after the implantation of the expander, the second stage of dermatension was started (filling the tissue expander with 0.9% NaCl solution), taking into account the blood circulation parameters of the stretched flap with the help of a thermal imager and with constant monitoring of the thickness of the cutaneous flap over the balloon by ultrasound. There were stopped injecting fluid to the expander when the temperature in the center of the flap was reduced by more than 10C. With a further decrease in temperature, some of the liquid from the expander was evacuated. The results of ultrasound and ICT in the course of the operation planning (step I of dermatension), when filling the expander (step II of dermatension) and at the completion of dermatension (step III), according to the change in the thickness of the stretch flap and the formed connective tissue capsule, the dynamics of thermoreaction in the dermatitis flap allow to assess the state of blood circulation (perfusion) with a high probability, which is undoubtedly important for the prevention of such serious complications as ischemia, decubitus, necrosis of the flap, which carries stretches.

[Development and approbation of polymerase chain reaction for detection of pathogen in Listeria infection]. / Razrabotka i aprobatsiia metoda polimeraznoi tsepnoi reaktsii dlia detektsii vozbuditelia listerioznoi infektsii.

A system of primers for detection of Listeria by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been developed. Specificity and sensitivity of the method was evaluated by analyses of reference clinical and abiotic samples. Clinical trials of PCR were carried by detecting latent (asymptomatic) carriers of Listeria among healthy women of epidemiologically significant professions. PCR is characterized by numerous advantages in comparison with the traditional bacteriological analysis.

[Development and testing of polymerase chain reaction method for detection of meningococcal infection pathogen]. / Razrabotka i aprobatsiia metoda polimeraznoi tsepnoi reaktsii dlia detektsii vozbuditelia meningokokkovoi infektsii.

A system of primers has been developed for the diagnosis of meningococcal infection has been developed on the basis of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Specificity and sensitivity of detection of N. meningitidis has been evaluated in analysis of the model clinical specimens. The proposed test system was tried in detection of N. meningitidis in nasopharyngeal discharge specimens from patients with acute nasopharyngitis and normal subjects from the focus of meningococcal infection.

[Aspects of excision of the perforative duodenal ulcer complicated by penetration and stenosis]. / Osobennosti issecheniia perforativenoi iazvy dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki, oslozhnivsheisia penetratsiei i stenozom.

The results of treatment of 259 patients with perforative duodenal ulcer, complicated by penetration and stenosis, were analysed. The original methods of ulcer excision are proposed. Excellent and good late follow-up result was noted in 159 (84.6%) patients, fair--in 15 (8.2%), bad (ulcer recurrence)--in 8 (4.4%).

[The determination of the volume (weight) of an inoculate applied using the Semenikhina-designed replicator]. / Opredelenie ob''ema (vesa) inokuliata, nanosimogo s ispol'zovaniem replikatora konstruktsii Semenikhinoi.

The weight (volume) of inoculate applied with Semenikhina's replicator stamp with 1, 2, and 3-mm needles is determined. The method is sufficiently precise for microbiological screenings. The volume of inoculate depends on the diameter and geometrical shape of the needle and characteristics of inoculated substance and surface onto which it is applied.