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1.
Gynecol Oncol ; 180: 63-69, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38052110

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The objective was to compare sequencing strategies for treatment of advanced endometrial carcinoma. METHODS: Patients were eligible if they had FIGO 2009 Stage III or IVA endometrial carcinoma or Stage I or II serous or clear cell endometrial carcinoma and positive cytology. Patients were randomized to: Cisplatin 50 mg/m2 IV Days 1 and 29 plus radiation followed by Carboplatin AUC 5 or 6 plus Paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 q 21 days for 4 cycles (chemoRT then chemo) vs. Carboplatin AUC 6 plus Paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 q 21 days for 3 cycles followed by radiation followed by Carboplatin AUC 5 or 6 plus Paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 q 21 days for 3 cycles (sandwich therapy). Futility analysis was planned. The primary objective was to determine if chemoRT then chemo improves recurrence-free survival (RFS) compared to sandwich therapy. RESULTS: Of the 48 patients enrolled at 8 sites, 42 patients were eligible for futility analysis, and the trial was closed early. The median follow-up was 30.9 months. The 3-year RFS was 85.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 62 to 95) in the chemoRT then chemo arm and 73.4% (95% CI, 43 to 89) in the sandwich therapy group (p = 0.58). The 3-year overall survival (OS) was 88.4% (95% CI, 61 to 97) in the chemoRT then chemo arm and 80.9% (95% CI, 51 to 93) in the sandwich therapy group (p = 0.55). CONCLUSION: There was no observed significant difference between chemoRT then chemo compared to sandwich therapy in terms of RFS, OS, or adverse events, although the trial was underpowered and closed early due to low accrual.


Assuntos
Cisplatino , Neoplasias do Endométrio , Feminino , Humanos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Carboplatina , Neoplasias do Endométrio/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias do Endométrio/radioterapia , Paclitaxel
3.
Redox Biol ; 25: 101051, 2019 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30509602

RESUMO

Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, and is primarily diagnosed at late stage when considerable metastasis has occurred in the peritoneal cavity. At late stage abdominal cavity ascites accumulation provides a tumor-supporting medium in which cancer cells gain access to growth factors and cytokines that promote survival and metastasis. However, little is known about the redox status of ascites, or whether antioxidant enzymes are required to support ovarian cancer survival during transcoelomic metastasis in this medium. Gene expression cluster analysis of antioxidant enzymes identified two distinct populations of high-grade serous adenocarcinomas (HGSA), the most common ovarian cancer subtype, which specifically separated into clusters based on glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) expression. High GPx3 expression was associated with poorer overall patient survival and increased tumor stage. GPx3 is an extracellular glutathione peroxidase with reported dichotomous roles in cancer. To further examine a potential pro-tumorigenic role of GPx3 in HGSA, stable OVCAR3 GPx3 knock-down cell lines were generated using lentiviral shRNA constructs. Decreased GPx3 expression inhibited clonogenicity and anchorage-independent cell survival. Moreover, GPx3 was necessary for protecting cells from exogenous oxidant insult, as demonstrated by treatment with high dose ascorbate. This cytoprotective effect was shown to be due to GPx3-dependent removal of extracellular H2O2. Importantly, GPx3 was necessary for clonogenic survival when cells were cultured in patient-derived ascites fluid. While oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of malignant ascites was heterogeneous in our patient cohort, and correlated positively with ascites iron content, GPx3 was required for optimal survival regardless of ORP or iron content. Collectively, our data suggest that HGSA ovarian cancers cluster into distinct groups of high and low GPx3 expression. GPx3 is necessary for HGSA ovarian cancer cellular survival in the ascites tumor environment and protects against extracellular sources of oxidative stress, implicating GPx3 as an important adaptation for transcoelomic metastasis.


Assuntos
Progressão da Doença , Espaço Extracelular/metabolismo , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Neoplasias Ovarianas/enzimologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Ascite/patologia , Morte Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular , Células Clonais , Feminino , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/toxicidade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Oxirredução , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos
4.
Gynecol Oncol ; 149(2): 232-240, 2018 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29544708

RESUMO

Health care in the United States is in the midst of a significant transformation from a "fee for service" to a "fee for value" based model. The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 has only accelerated this transition. Anticipating these reforms, the Society of Gynecologic Oncology developed the Future of Physician Payment Reform Task Force (PPRTF) in 2015 to develop strategies to ensure fair value based reimbursement policies for gynecologic cancer care. The PPRTF elected as a first task to develop an Alternative Payment Model for thesurgical management of low risk endometrial cancer. The history, rationale, and conceptual framework for the development of an Endometrial Cancer Alternative Payment Model are described in this white paper, as well as directions forfuture efforts.


Assuntos
Neoplasias do Endométrio/economia , Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde/economia , Modelos Econômicos , Mecanismo de Reembolso/economia , Neoplasias do Endométrio/cirurgia , Feminino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/economia , Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde/tendências , Humanos , Médicos/economia , Mecanismo de Reembolso/tendências , Sociedades Médicas , Estados Unidos
6.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care ; 28(5): 356-74, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21187291

RESUMO

Patients with advanced gynecologic malignancies have a multitude of symptoms; pain, nausea, and vomiting, constipation, anorexia, diarrhea, dyspnea, as well as symptoms resulting from intestinal obstruction, hypercalcemia, ascites, and/or ureteral obstruction. Pain is best addressed through a multimodal approach. The optimum palliative management of end-stage malignant intestinal obstruction remains controversial, with no clear guidelines governing the choice of surgical versus medical management. Patient selection for palliative surgery, therefore, should be highly individualized because only carefully selected candidates may derive real benefit from such surgeries. There remains a real need for more emphasis on palliative care education in training programs.


Assuntos
Estado Terminal , Neoplasias dos Genitais Femininos/epidemiologia , Neoplasias dos Genitais Femininos/terapia , Cuidados Paliativos na Terminalidade da Vida/organização & administração , Cuidados Paliativos/organização & administração , Anorexia/epidemiologia , Anorexia/terapia , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/terapia , Caquexia/epidemiologia , Caquexia/terapia , Comorbidade , Constipação Intestinal/epidemiologia , Constipação Intestinal/terapia , Delírio/epidemiologia , Delírio/terapia , Dispneia/epidemiologia , Dispneia/terapia , Fadiga/epidemiologia , Fadiga/terapia , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Obstrução Intestinal/epidemiologia , Obstrução Intestinal/terapia , Oncologia
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