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1.
China Pharmacy ; (12): 2018-2021, 2023.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-980599

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE To provide a reference for establishing an automatic checking mode and improving the checking efficiency of the unit dose dispensing system of oral drugs in hospital. METHODS The automatic checking process reengineering team was established in our hospital. ECRSI method was adopted to sort out the verification process and mode of drug bags for the unit dose formula of our hospital through five principles of eliminating, combining, rearranging, simplifying and increasing, and the hardware series problem and the problem of excessive system false-positive proportion were optimized. The drug bags for the unit dose formula were randomly selected from 10 wards, the efficiency and external error rates of manual check and automatic checking mode before and after optimization were compared, and the false-positive reporting failure in automatic checking mode was also compared before and after optimization. RESULTS After the establishment of the automatic checking mode of the unit dose formula for oral drugs, the average checking time of drug bags was significantly shorter than that of manual checking mode in the other 8 wards except for cardiovascular and renal departments (P<0.05). After the optimization of the automatic checking mode, the average checking time of drug bags in all wards was significantly shorter than that in manual checking mode (P<0.05). Compared with before optimization of the automatic checking mode, the average checking time of drug bags was shortened by 0.43 s, and the average checking time of drug bags in half of the wards was shortened significantly (P<0.05). At the same time, the false-positive proportion decreased from 96.83% before optimization to 92.76% after optimization (P<0.05). The external error rate dropped from 0.039‰ in manual checking mode to 0.019‰ before optimization and 0.015‰ after optimization (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Based on ECRSI method, the automatic checking mode for the unit dose dispensing system of oral drugs can effectively reduce the average checking time of drug bags, reduce external error and improve the work efficiency of pharmacists.

2.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B ; (6): 2403-2424, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-982882

RESUMO

The occurrence of obesity has increased across the whole world. Many epidemiological studies have indicated that obesity strongly contributes to the development of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, liver diseases and other disorders, accounting for a heavy burden on the public and on health-care systems every year. Excess energy uptake induces adipocyte hypertrophy, hyperplasia and formation of visceral fat in other non-adipose tissues to evoke cardiovascular disease, liver diseases. Adipose tissue can also secrete adipokines and inflammatory cytokines to affect the local microenvironment, induce insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and activate associated inflammatory signaling pathways. This further exacerbates the development and progression of obesity-associated diseases. Although some progress in the treatment of obesity has been achieved in preclinical and clinical studies, the progression and pathogenesis of obesity-induced diseases are complex and unclear. We still need to understand their links to better guide the treatment of obesity and associated diseases. In this review, we review the links between obesity and other diseases, with a view to improve the future management and treatment of obesity and its co-morbidities.

3.
Preprint em Inglês | medRxiv | ID: ppmedrxiv-20118927

RESUMO

ObjectiveThe SOLIDARITY and DisCoVeRy trials were launched to facilitate the rapid worldwide comparison of the efficacy and safety of treatments against COVID-19. This study aimed to review the trial designs of SOLIDARITY and DisCoVeRy and their feasibility to generate high-quality evidence. MethodA systematic search of the European Clinical trial registry, the U.S. National Library of Medicine ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organizations (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) was conducted on May 10th, 2020 to identify the study details of the SOLIDARITY and DisCoVeRy trials. A supplementary search of PubMed, WHOs website, French authorities websites, and Google search engine was conducted. A critical review was performed on the findings. ResultsThe DisCoVeRy trial design was detailed consistently in both the European and the US clinical rial registries. SOLIDARITY was registered on ICTRP, with country-specific information reported on country-level registry platforms. The DisCoVeRy trials design appears to be ideal from the methodological perspective. Both trials appear difficult to implement, impractical, and disconnected from the pandemic reality. This is consistent with the apparent failure of the trials to deliver conclusions before the end of the pandemic. ConclusionBoth trials constitute an interesting initiative yet may lack the resources to support a high-quality implementation. The authors call for a pandemic task force, with various experts on the front-line of COVID-19, to inform policy-makers to make effective decisions that may not be based on traditional, methodological state-of-the-art evidence, but rather pragmatic and revisable decisions reflecting emerging evidence for the benefit of patients and society.

4.
Preprint em Inglês | medRxiv | ID: ppmedrxiv-20118901

RESUMO

PurposeThis study aims to critically assess the published studies of Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for the treatment of COVID-19 and provide recommendations for future clinical trials for the COVID-19 pandemic. MethodA rapid systematic review was conducted by searching the PubMed, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases on April 13, 2020. Three clinical trial registry platforms, including ClinicalTrials.gov, the EU Clinical Trials Register, and the Chinese Clinical Trial Register were also complementarily searched. ResultsA total of 10 clinical studies were identified, including 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 1 comparative nonrandomized trial, 5 single-arm trials, and 1 interim analysis. The heterogeneity among studies of the baseline disease severity and reported endpoints made a pooled analysis impossible. CQ and HCQ (with or without azithromycin) showed significant therapeutic benefit in terms of virologic clearance rate, improvement in symptoms and imaging findings, time to clinical recovery, and length of hospital stay in 1 RCT, 4 single-arm trials, and the interim analysis, whereas no treatment benefit of CQ or HCQ was observed in the remaining 4 studies. Limitations of the included studies ranged from small sample size, to insufficient information concerning baseline patient characteristics, to potential for selection bias without detailing the rationale for exclusion, and presence of confounding factors. ConclusionBased on the studies evaluated, there still lacked solid evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of HCQ and CQ as a treatment for COVID-19 with or without azithromycin. This emphasized the importance of robust RCTs investing HCQ/CQ to address the evidence uncertainties.

5.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-706231

RESUMO

Assessment of liver function reserve has important clinical significance,which can be used to decide the safe range of liver resection,to identify the potential liver injury early,to evaluate the treatment effect and to predict the prognosis of middle/end-stage liver diseases.There are a number of methods to assess liver function reserve.The indocyanine green (ICG) elimination test is the most commonly used and widely acknowledged approach for this assessment.With the development of functional imaging,evaluation of liver function reserve can be non-or minimalinvasive,more convenient and accurate.The application of imaging in assessment of liver function reserve and the relationship with ICG elimination test were reviewed in this article.

6.
Chinese Journal of Hematology ; (12): 570-574, 2015.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-281980

RESUMO

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of up-regulation of Rap1GAP on the invasion ability of leukemic HL-60 cells in vitro, and to establish leukemia mouse model to verify the effects in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot methods were used to detect the expression of Rap1GAP in Venus/HL-60 (vehicle control) and Rap1GAP/HL-60 cells (R1 andR2). Transwell method was used to examine the invasion ability in vitro. Quantitative RT-PCR and gelatin zymograph were used to study the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Four-week-old BALB/c nu/nu mice were pre-treated and inoculated with leukemic cells from different groups, several index including survival time were then monitored.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Rap1GAP mRNA level of R1 and R2 increased about 16-17 folds as compared to the control cells. The invasion rate of R1 and R2 are (55 ± 5)% and (59 ± 4)%, which are significantly higher than (14 ± 4)% of the control cells. The mRNA level of MMP-9 was up-regulated about 12.0 folds in R1 and R2 cells compared to the corresponding control cells. The median survival times of R1 and R2 mice are (32.00 ± 1.85) d and (33.37 ± 2.50) d, respectively, which are shorter than (43.62 ± 2.32) d of the control group. Three mice of R1 and R2 groups showed leukemic cells infiltration in meninges tissue, and the genes of Rap1GAP and MMP-9 were amplified by PCR method.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Up-regulated expression of Rap1GAP increased the invasion ability of HL-60 cells accompanied with enhancement of MMP-9 expression in vitro, and the experiment in mouse model also confirmed that Rap1GAP enhanced the invasion of HL-60 cells in vivo.</p>


Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Proteínas Ativadoras de GTPase , Metabolismo , Células HL-60 , Leucemia , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz , Metabolismo , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz , Metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Nus , Invasividade Neoplásica , RNA Mensageiro , Ativação Transcricional , Regulação para Cima
7.
Chinese Journal of Hematology ; (12): 460-464, 2015.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-282007

RESUMO

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the sensitivity of imatinib (IM) on Sup-B15 Ph+ acute lmphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells indused by stromal cells OP9, and to further explore its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study is divided into two group, Sup-B15 cells group and co-cultured with OP9 cells group (Sup-B15/OP9 group). The inhibitory effects of IM on leukemia cells were measured by CCK-8 test, and the apoptosis by Annexin Ⅴ/7-AAD dyeing and the percentage of CD 34+CD38- leukemia cells were determined by flow cytometry. ALDH1, CD144, and β-catenin mRNA were detected by real-time RT-PCR, protein levels by Western blot. Inmunoprecipitation was used to detect the level of β-catenin connected to CD144.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>IM presented inhibitory effects on Sup-B15 and Sup-B15/OP9 cells at multiple concentrations from 10 μmol/L to 45 μmol/L. The IC50 of IM on Sup-B15/OP and Sup-B15 cells were 35.8 μmol/L and 6.3 μmol/L, respectively (P<0.05). After 24 h of 30 μmol/L IM treatment, the percentages of apoptosis cells in Sup-B15/OP9 and Sup-B 15 cell were (14.24 ± 2.11)% and (3.45 ± 0.68)%, respectively (P<0.05). The percentage of CD34+CD38- cells in Sup-B15/OP9 group was significantly higher than that in Sup-B15 group [(3.42 ± 0.28)% vs (0.16 ± 0.15)%, P<0.05]. As compared to Sup-B15 cells, the transcription of ALDH1 in Sup-B15/OP9 group was remarkably upregulated (0.097 ± 0.012 vs 0.046 ± 0.010, P<0.05), and the CD133 protein level was also upregulated in Sup-B15/OP9 group. The transcription of CD144 in Sup-B15/OP9 group was remarkably upregulated compared with Sup-B15 group (0.103 ± 0.015 vs 0.010±0.003, P<0.05), as well as the CD144 protein. β-catenin mRNA transcription has no obvious changes between Sup-B15 group and Sup-B15/OP9 group (P>0.05), while the whole β-catenin protein and the cell nucleus β-catenin significantly increased, as well as the β-catenin protein combined with CD144.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Co-cultured with OP9 cells, Sup-B15 cells show less sensitivity to imatinib. The raising activity of CD144 and CD144/β-catenin signaling may work in this procession.</p>


Assuntos
Humanos , Apoptose , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Mesilato de Imatinib , Cromossomo Filadélfia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras , Transdução de Sinais , Células Estromais , beta Catenina
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