RESUMO
Introduction: Different approaches, involving different areas and figures, are useful for the rehabilitation of obese subjects through a multidisciplinary hospital path. A focal point of rehabilitation is represented by education on healthy eating by increasing the dietary knowledge patients. Few tools investigating food knowledge are available in Italy: therefore, the need has emerged to develop easy-to-use tools for clinical practice that allow to detect food knowledge to set up a more targeted food re-education. The following work aimed at building and validating a questionnaire capable of investigating the dietary knowledge of the population affected by obesity. Methods: A pool of experts carried out a review of the literature, gathering all the information necessary to select and construct the best set of questions and the format of the final project of the questionnaire. During statistical analysis the validity, reproducibility and stability of the questionnaire were investigate in a sample of 450 subjects with obesity. Results: Early analysis disclosed that 5 questions of the original questionnaire had no discriminating power. The successive validation phases were successful, confirming good content validity, stability and reproducibility over time. Discussion: The questionnaire has all the characteristics to be considered a valid tool for investigating dietary knowledge in the obese population. The psychometric tests confirmed a good internal consistency of the structure, a validity of the content, a good reproducibility and stability over time.
RESUMO
The objective is to study the effects of low-intensity (LI) or high-intensity (HI) equicaloric exercises on energy expenditure (EE) and substrate oxidation rate during and after the exercises in severely obese Caucasian adolescents. Twenty obese boys (BMI-SDS 3.04 +/- 0.52, %Fat Mass 38.2 +/- 2.1%) aged 14-16 years (pubertal stage >3) participated in this study. Maximal oxygen uptake (V'O(2max)) and maximal fat oxidation rate were determined with indirect calorimetry using a graded exercise test on a treadmill. EE and substrate oxidation rate during equicaloric low-intensity (LI, 42% V'O(2max) for 45 min) and high-intensity (HI, 67% V'O(2max) for 30 min) exercises on a treadmill and during post-exercise recovery period (60 min) were determined with indirect calorimetry. Maximal fat oxidation rate was observed at 42 +/- 6% V'O(2max) (62 +/- 5% HR(max)) and fat oxidation rate was 0.45 +/- 0.07 g/min. The total amounts of EE, during the LI and HI exercises, and the post-exercise recovery periods were not significantly different (1,884 +/- 250 vs. 1,973 +/- 201 kJ, p = 0.453), but the total amount of fat oxidised was significantly higher (+9.9 g, +55.7%, p < 0.001) during the LI exercise than during the HI exercise. However, fat oxidation rates during the post-exercise recovery periods were not significantly different following LI and HI exercises. Total fat oxidised was significantly higher during the LI than during the HI exercise in obese adolescents. However, the equicaloric exercise intensity did not influence EE, fat and carbohydrate oxidation rate during the recovery period.
