[Evaluation of physical work capacity of the astronauts on Saliut-6]. / Otsenka fizicheskoi rabotosposobnosti kosmonavtov na stantsii "Saliut-6".

Electrocardiograms of Salyut-6 prime crew-members recorded during their exercises on a bicycle ergometer and treadmill are presented. ECG were recorded by a portable tape recorder Cardiocassette and transmitted to the Earth via the radiocommunication channel. This procedure helped to better understand cardiovascular adaptation to different workloads, including submaximal, as well as reserve abilities of the body at various flight stages. This can be used advantageously to correct and control the training process as well as to predict the cardiovascular status at the final flight stage.

[Study of the mass-inertia characteristics of human body segments by the gamma scanning method during 6 months of hypokinesia]. / Issledovanie mass-inertsionnykh kharakteristik segmentov tela cheloveka metodom gamma-skennirovaniia v usloviiakh 6-mesiachnoi gipokinezii.

It was found that there was a distinct redistribution of body masses in 18 test subjects exposed to 6-month hypokinesia. Six of them (who did not exercise) showed losses of muscle mass (primarily antigravity muscles) and gain of adipose mass, and 12 test subjects (who exercised as a countermeasure against hypokinetic effects) displayed insignificant losses of muscle mass and significant gain of adipose mass.

[Substantiation of a set of preventive measures applicable to the flight missions of the Saliut orbital station]. / Obosnovanie kompleksa profilakticheskikh sredstv primenitel'no k zadacham poletov orbital'noi stantsii "Saliut".

The paper describes the effect of exercises, LBNP, controlled water and salt consumption, and drugs used as countermeasures against cardiovascular deconditioning during prolonged (2--7 weeks) head-down bed rest. Each of the above countermeasures applied separately had a limited effect. The use of a combination of exercises, LBNP and water-salt supplements at the final stage of the bed rest experiment made it possible to prevent entirely deterioration of work capacity and decrease of orthostatic tolerance of the test subject. The paper presents the scheme and regimens of the above countermeasures employed to meet the requirements of the flights of the orbital station "Salyut".